（江蘇專用）2020高考英語二輪復習 專題限時檢測（一）單詞詞義辨析

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1、專題限時檢測(一)　單詞詞義辨析 (共3組，限時20分鐘) 1．(2019南京、鹽城一模)Last December China ________ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the countrys reform and openingup. A．distinguished　　　　　 B．sponsored C．a(chǎn)cknowledged D．evaluated 解析：選C　句意：去年12月，中國表彰了對國家改革開放做出杰出貢獻的100名中國人和10名外國人。ackno

2、wledge在此句中表示“express thanks for (sth.) 為(某事物)表示感謝”，符合語境。 distinguish“區(qū)別，辨別”；sponsor“贊助”；evaluate “評估”。 2．(2019南京、鹽城一模)Computercontrolled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done________. A．a(chǎn)rtificially B．manually C．comprehensively D．gradually 解析：選B　句意：計算機控制的機器人接管了許

3、多行業(yè)中的工作，而這些工作過去都是手工完成的。artificially“人造地，不自然地”；manually“手工地”；comprehensively“全面地”； gradually“漸漸地”。根據(jù)句意，選B。 3．(2019鎮(zhèn)江一模)The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to ________ the diners. A．ignore B．identify C．a(chǎn)pplaud D．satisfy 解析：選A　句意：餐館的女服務員通常很

4、體貼，但在這個場合，她似乎忽視了用餐者。ignore“忽視”，符合句意。identify“確定，識別”；applaud“夸贊，鼓掌”；satisfy“滿足”。 4．(2019鎮(zhèn)江一模)I wish you wouldnt be so________； you make faces at everything I say. A．weird B．polite C．reluctant D．serious 解析：選A　句意：我希望我沒有這么奇怪，你對我說的所有事都擠眉弄眼。weird“不可思議的，怪誕的”，符合句意。polite“禮貌的”；reluctant“不情愿，嚴肅”；serious

5、“嚴肅的”。 5．(2019蘇州一模)The year 2018 is a special one in that it ________ the 40th anniversary of the launch of Chinas reform and openingup policy. A．signals B．a(chǎn)dvocates C．a(chǎn)nticipates D．marks 解析：選D　句意：2018年是一個特殊的年份，因為它標志著中國改革開放40周年。in that相當于because引導原因狀語從句。mark“標志”，符合語境。signal“向……發(fā)信號”；advocate“提倡

6、”；anticipate“預見，預料”。 6．(2019常州一模)Studies suggest that babies learn to ________ voices before birth.They can recognize their mothers voice among a group of women. A．suspect B．compromise C．discriminate D．inspect 解析：選C　句意：研究表明嬰兒在出生前便學會分辨聲音。他們可以在一群女人當中分辨出母親的聲音。discriminate “歧視；區(qū)別；辨出”，符合語境。suspect“

7、懷疑”；compromise “妥協(xié)，傷害”； inspect“檢查，視察”。 7．(2019常州一模)—Why not turn to Kevin? He saw what happened, so his is the only ________ account. —The problem is that he has refused to say anything about the accident. A．tentative B．controversial C．a(chǎn)uthentic D．a(chǎn)rbitrary 解析：選C　句意：“為什么不求助于Kevin？他目擊了事件的發(fā)生，因

8、此他所說的話是唯一真實準確的敘述。”“問題是他已拒絕對此事件說點什么。”authentic “真實的，準確的”，符合語境。tentative“試探性的”；controversial“有爭議的”；arbitrary“隨意的，任性的”。 8．(2019常州一模)Though scientists get closer to understanding why we age, the reason for different aging rates among individuals remains only ________ understood. A．concretely B．thorou

9、ghly C．vaguely D．flexibly 解析：選C　句意：雖然科學家們越來越了解我們?yōu)槭裁磿兝希珜τ趥€體間不同的衰老率的原因仍然理解得比較模糊。vaguely“模糊地”，符合語境。concretely“具體地”； thoroughly“徹底地”； flexibly“靈活地”。 9．(2019徐州、淮安、連云港一模)Being an experienced lecturer, Mr.Black ________ his speech to suit a younger audience. A．simplified B．a(chǎn)ddressed C．exchanged D

10、．delivered 解析：選A　句意：作為一個經(jīng)驗豐富的演講者，布萊克先生簡化他的演講來適應年輕的觀眾。simplify“簡化”，符合語境。address“稱呼，演說”；exchange“交換”； deliver“傳送；投遞”。 10．(2019徐州、淮安、連云港一模)The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.” A．slip B．slide C．seal D．

11、spit 解析：選A　句意：觀眾因主持人失言而大笑，主持人說：“女士們，晚上好，先生們?！眛he slip of tongue “口誤”，固定搭配。 11．(2019泰州一模)The autobiography Becoming by Michelle Obama, ________ about her life in the White House, sold well once on the market. A．definitely B．essentially C．initially D．a(chǎn)ccurately 解析：選B　句意：米歇爾奧巴馬(Michelle Obama)寫的

12、《成為》這本自傳，基本上是關(guān)于她在白宮的生活，一經(jīng)上市，就很暢銷。essentially“基本上，根本上”，符合語境。definitely“明確地；確切地”；initially“最初；開始”；accurately“精確地，如實”。 12．(2019泰州一模)Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which ________ me well. A．serves B．suits C．favors D．motivates 解析：選A　句意：每當我感到孤獨或沮喪時，我總是做些閱讀，這對我很有幫助。此處serve

13、意思為“對……有用”。 13．(2019揚州一模)You had better stay in China for further education.Some top American universities are accused of ________ AsianAmerican applicants using race as a factor. A．welcoming B．employing C．denying D．restoring 解析：選C　句意：你最好留在中國繼續(xù)深造。一些美國頂尖大學被指控以種族為因素拒絕亞裔申請人。deny “拒絕”，符合語境。welcome

14、“歡迎”；employ“雇傭”； restore“恢復”。 14．(2019揚州一模)Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population ________ and the earths natural resources decrease. A．selects B．declines C．swells D．varies 解析：選C　句意：隨著全球人口的膨脹和地球自然資源的減少，我們中的許多人對后代面臨的挑戰(zhàn)感到擔憂。swell“腫脹，膨脹”，符

15、合語境。select“選擇，挑選”； decline“下降，婉拒”； vary“不同”。 15．(2019南通一模)Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been ________ to its original appearance. A．restored B．delivered C．transferred D．drafted 解析：選A　句意：由于在環(huán)境保護方面的努力，這片濕地已經(jīng)恢復原樣了。restore“恢復”；deliver“交付”；transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”；draft“征募；

16、擬稿”。 1．(2019南京、鹽城二模)Molly finally agreed, ________ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor. A．a(chǎn)fterwards B．a(chǎn)lmost C．otherwise D．somewhat 解析：選D　 句意：Molly最后同意去看醫(yī)生，盡管有點不情愿。somewhat “有點”，符合句意。 2．(2019南京、鹽城二模)The conditions in the local school were fairly ________， no electricity and no basic teachi

17、ng facilities available. A．unique B．typical C．primitive D．stable 解析：選C　句意：這個當?shù)貙W校的條件是相當?shù)脑迹瑳]有電也沒有可用的基礎教育設施。primitive“原始的，簡單的”，符合句意。unique “獨特的”；typical “典型的”；stable“穩(wěn)定的”。 3．(2019通、泰、揚、徐、淮、宿二模)To better our cultural moral character, we students might as well increase our ________ for reading.

18、A．qualification B．tendency C．a(chǎn)ppetite D．a(chǎn)pplication 解析：選C　句意：為了提高我們的文化品格，我們學生不妨增加對閱讀的興趣。appetite有“食欲；愛好”等含義，此處意思是“愛好”。qualification“資格”；tendency“趨勢，傾向”；application“申請”。 4．(2019南通七市二模)Thanks to Chinese peoples hard work and wisdom, China has ________ into the second largest economy. A．evolved

19、B．slipped C．extended D．shaped 解析：選A　句意：多虧了中國人民的勤勞奮斗和聰慧才智，中國發(fā)展成為了第二大經(jīng)濟體。evolve“逐步發(fā)展，逐漸演變”，符合語境。slip“滑倒，滑落”；extend“延伸”；shape“使成為……形狀”。 5．(2019蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)二模)Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing ________the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track. A．breaks

20、 B．blocks C．bonds D．beats 解析：選D　句意：跑步通常很累，也很辛苦，但沒有什么能比你在賽道上完成一個長時間的鍛煉后所獲得的感覺更好。beat“擊敗”，符合語境。 6．(2019南京三模)The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another ________ to the colors in the harvest season. A．theme B．version C．category D．dimension 解析：選D　句意：秋天的楓樹變成了鮮艷的紅色，在豐收季節(jié)給色彩增添了

21、另一個維度。 7．(2019南京三模)—Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again! —________， she cant find her keys. A．Typically B．Occasionally C．Accordingly D．Particularly 解析：選A　句意：“看，瑪麗又在發(fā)瘋似的找東西！”“通常，她找不到鑰匙?！盩ypically“通常； 一般； 典型地”，符合語境。Occasionally“偶爾地”；Accordingly“相應地”；Particularly“特別地”。 8．(2019南京三模

22、)Wild animals in nature reserves need to develop their survival skills and ________ their wild nature. A．display B．possess C．maintain D．monitor 解析：選C　句意：自然保護區(qū)的野生動物需要發(fā)展它們的生存技能并保持它們的野生性質(zhì)。maintain “保留，保持”，符合語境。display“展示”； possess“擁有”；monitor“監(jiān)視；檢查”。 9．(2019揚、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、連三模)The businessman studied

23、 the market in his hometown to find the ________ for investment. A．potential B．reservation C．criterion D．a(chǎn)llowance 解析：選A　句意：這位商人研究了家鄉(xiāng)的市場，尋找投資潛力。potential“潛力”，符合句意。reservation“保留”；criterion“標準”；allowance“津貼”。 10．(2019揚、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、連三模)As visitors from a different culture, the least we can do is b

24、e ________ to the people in their own land. A．distant B．civil C．a(chǎn)llergic D．cruel 解析：選B　句意：作為來自不同文化的游客，我們至少能做到對本國人民有禮貌。civil 經(jīng)常用來表示“國家的，民事的”的意思。但是在本句中意思是“文明的，有禮貌的”。distant “遙遠的；疏遠的”；allergic“過敏的”；cruel“殘忍的”。 11．(2019南京、鹽城一模)Many people tend to assume that ________ just means creating something

25、new, but actually its more than that — its an attitude of doing things. A．imitation B．imagination C．innovation D．inspiration 解析：選C　句意：許多人往往會認為創(chuàng)新僅僅意味著創(chuàng)造一些新的東西，但是事實上它遠不止于此，它(還)是一種做事的態(tài)度。innovation“創(chuàng)新，改革”，符合語境。imitation“模仿，效仿”；imagination“想象，想象力”；inspiration“靈感，妙計”。 12．(2019鹽城三模)His children were

26、his pride, and being a devoted father became a top ________ in his life. A．capacity B．a(chǎn)nxiety C．priority D．opportunity 解析：選C　句意：他的孩子是他的驕傲，成為一個忠誠的父親成為了他生命中的頭等大事。a top priority“頭等大事、當務之急、最優(yōu)先考慮的事情”。capacity“能力”； anxiety“焦慮”；opportunity“機會”。 13．(2019鹽城三模)This raw chocolate tastes pretty delicious

27、due to ________ amount of melted pure fresh cream. A．equal B．generous C．insufficient D．tiny 解析：選B　句意：由于大量融化的純新鮮奶油，這種生巧克力嘗起來相當美味。generous 此處意思是“大量的”。equal“平等的”；insufficient“不充分的”；tiny “微量的”。 14．(2019鹽城三模)When the organization ________ in March, 2019, there was almost no money in the bank and mo

28、re than＄1 million of debt. A．folded B．boomed C．registered D．sprang 解析：選A　句意：當該組織于2019年3月倒閉時，銀行里幾乎沒有任何錢，債務超過100萬美元。fold常用來表示“折疊”的意思。此句中意思為“倒閉”。boom“繁榮”； register“登記；注冊”；spring“跳躍、反彈”。 15．(2019南京三模)Id never wondered before whether or not he was kidfriendly.With one glance, I quickly ________ tha

29、t he probably wasnt. A．a(chǎn)greed B．reported C．explained D．decided 解析：選D　句意：我以前從未想過他是否對孩子友好這個問題。但是我看了一眼，很快就斷定他可能不是。decide“決定，斷定”，符合語境。 1．A biblical idiom is often an expression that ________ the moral of a story and gives the audience a picture to help them understand the story better. A．compe

30、nsates B．underlines C．a(chǎn)ccomplishes D．substitutes 解析：選B　句意：圣經(jīng)中的習語通常是一種強調(diào)故事寓意的表達方式，并呈現(xiàn)給觀眾一幅畫，幫助他們更好地理解故事。underline有“下劃線，強調(diào)”等含義，此處意思是“強調(diào)”。compensate“補償”；accomplish“完成”；substitute“替代”。 2．Encourage your child to reach a(n) ________ between what he wants and what you want since its hard to please bot

31、h. A．a(chǎn)ssessment B．destination C．compromise D．conclusion 解析：選C　句意：既然眾口難調(diào)，那么鼓勵你的孩子在他想要的和你想要的之間達成妥協(xié)。compromise有“妥協(xié)；傷害”等含義，此處意思是“妥協(xié)”。assessment“評估”；destination“目的地”；conclusion“結(jié)論”。 3．Sue was greatly inspired though she made ________ improvements in her English writing. A．modest B．brilliant C．

32、tremendous D．considerable 解析：選A　句意：盡管Sue在她的英語書寫上只取得了一點點進步，但她仍然備受鼓舞。modest一般意思是“謙虛的”，此處意思是“微小的，不太大的”。 brilliant“聰明的”；tremendous“巨大的”；considerable“可觀的；相當?shù)摹薄? 4．Our dream is to ________ a World Cup that makes you, your grandchildren and everyone in football really proud. A．stage B．chair C．found D

33、．watch 解析：選A　句意：我們的夢想是舉辦一屆能夠使你、你的孫輩以及每一個踢足球的人真正感到驕傲的世界杯。stage一般用作名詞，意思是“舞臺”，此處用作動詞，意思是“上演，舉辦，籌劃”。chair“主持(會議等)”；found“創(chuàng)立”；watch“觀看”。 5．Alipay, which currently has over 520 million users, is a powerful ________ of payment tools, financial services and marketing platforms. A．combination B．identif

34、ication C．reservation D．a(chǎn)ccommodation 解析：選A　句意：支付寶，目前擁有超過5億2 000萬用戶，是支付工具、金融服務和營銷平臺的強大結(jié)合體。combination“結(jié)合，聯(lián)合體”，符合語境。 identification“認同，鑒別”；reservation“預訂，保留”；accommodation“住宿，食宿”。 6．Although values may be ________， its helpful to share them with your partner for additional support. A．terminal B

35、．personal C．crucial D．practical 解析：選B　句意：盡管價值觀可能是非常私人的，但是和你的朋友分享價值觀來獲得額外支持是非常有用的。personal“個人的”，符合語境。terminal“末端的，末期的”；crucial“決定性的，關(guān)鍵性的”；practical“實際的”。 7．America has become known for its ________ of individualism, which has been a source of conflict with other cultures. A．push B．ban C．offen

36、ce D．control 解析：選A　句意：美國以推行個人主義而聞名，而個人主義則是與其他文化沖突的根源。push“推動，推行”，符合語境。ban“禁止”；offence“違反，冒犯”；control“控制”。 8．Over the last four decades, the Chinese people have ________ enhanced productivity through hard work with a firm spirit. A．roughly B．merely C．significantly D．equally 解析：選C　句意：在過去的四十年里，

37、中國人民通過堅持不懈的努力，極大地提高了生產(chǎn)力。significantly“值得注目地；巨大地”，符合語境。roughly“艱難地”；merely“僅僅”；equally“平等地”。 9．In Beijing opera, performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the ________ and depths of the characters personalities. A．dimensions B．certificates C．occupations D．c

38、onsciences 解析：選A　句意：在京劇里，表演者們被要求在臉上畫上圖案并著色，以幫助展示人物個性的廣度和深度。根據(jù)句意及空后的“depths”可知，空處應表示“廣度”，所以要選dimensions。certificate“證書”；occupation“職業(yè)；占有”；conscience“道德心，良心”。 10．China has been working to ________ the legal landscape for autonomous vehicles, which are on a highway to commercial availability. A．clarify B．a(chǎn)ccelerate C．transmit D．preserve 解析：選A　句意：中國一直在努力地使自動駕駛汽車合法化，很快就會具有商業(yè)價值。clarify“澄清，說清楚”，符合句意。accelerate“加快”；transmit“傳送，傳輸；發(fā)射”；preserve“保存，保護”。 9