2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)真題研練Week1Thursday含解析.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)真題研練Week1Thursday含解析 Task 1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 (xx·江蘇，C)Suppose you bee a leader in an organization.It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities.To do so，it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work. Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer.Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.For example，people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness，to expand their range of experiences，and to strengthen social relationships.If volunteer positions do not meet these needs，people may not wish to participate.To select volunteers，you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract. People also volunteer because they are required to do so.To increase levels of munity service，some schools have launched pulsory volunteer programs.Unfortunately，these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g.，“I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g.，“I volunteer because I’m required to do so”)．When that happens，people bee less likely to volunteer in the future.People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must. Once people begin to volunteer，what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question，researchers have conducted follow－up studies in which they track volunteers over time.For instance，one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year.One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.Although this result may not surprise you，it leads to important practical advice.The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”． Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role.It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations，they found a positive correlation (正相關(guān)) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer.These results，once again，lead to concrete advice：“Once an individual begins volunteering，continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity...Items like T－shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”． 【語篇解讀】　本文講述了志愿者為什么自發(fā)地去服務(wù)社會，并通過三個實(shí)驗分析志愿者的意圖。 1．People volunteer mainly out of ________． A．a(chǎn)cademic requirements B．social expectations C．financial rewards D．internal needs 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段內(nèi)容可知，人們從事志愿活動出于幾個動機(jī)，如表達(dá)個人價值觀、豐富個人經(jīng)歷、增強(qiáng)社會關(guān)系等，如果志愿工作的崗位不能滿足這些需求，人們或許就不愿參加了。由此可推知，人們從事志愿活動主要是出于個人的內(nèi)在需求，故D項符合題意。] 2．What can we learn from the Florida study? A．Follow－up studies should last for one year. B．Volunteers should get mentally prepared. C．Strategy training is a must in research. D．Volunteers are provided with concrete advice. 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The researchers note that attention should be given to ‘training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience’．”可知，研究者指出，應(yīng)該注意讓志愿者對棘手的情形有所準(zhǔn)備，給他們提供應(yīng)對困難的策略。故B項符合題意。] 3．What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work? A．Individual differences in role identity. B．Publicly identifiable volunteer T－shirts. C．Role identity as a volunteer. D．Practical advice from researchers. 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第二句中的“It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be more likely to continue volunteer work.”可知，志愿者的角色認(rèn)同感才是他們繼續(xù)從事志愿活動的關(guān)鍵。故C項符合題意。] 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to Get People to Volunteer B．How to Study Volunteer Behaviors C．How to Keep Volunteers’ Interest D．How to Organize Volunteer Activities 答案　A　[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章先由“為什么人們會做志愿者”開始，然后結(jié)合兩組調(diào)查研究說明了人們能長時間做志愿者工作的原因，其最終目的是為了使人們參與到志愿者工作當(dāng)中去，故A項符合題意。] Task 2：用英語簡要概述本文大意 答案　The passage tells us why volunteers are willing to serve the munity, and what gets them interested in the work. Task 3：詞匯積累 1．undertake v．承擔(dān)；從事 2．identify vt.鑒定；辨認(rèn)出 3．motivate vt.激發(fā)(興趣或欲望)；給與動機(jī) 4．launch v．發(fā)起；推出；發(fā)射；使(船)下水 n．發(fā)射 5．external adj.外來的；外部的 6．be sensitive to對……感到敏感 7．strategy n．策略；戰(zhàn)略 8．cope with 對付 9．individual n．個人 adj.個人的 10．role identity角色認(rèn)同 Task 4：攻克長難句 It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. 分析：本句中it是句子的形式主語，真正主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句。for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity是定語從句，修飾those people。