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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)可變配氣系統(tǒng)是無凸輪軸可變配氣技術(shù)的一種。通過對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外各種電控液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)可變配氣系統(tǒng)的分析和比較，本文提出了一款電控液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)可變配氣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案，通過對(duì)該方案的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，如柱塞半徑、氣門彈簧剛度、電磁閥流通面積等參數(shù)的研究，得到這種可變配氣系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)特性規(guī)律，為系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)和研制提供幫助。
本文在設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上，開發(fā)出一套可變配氣系統(tǒng)，系統(tǒng)主要包括液壓系統(tǒng)、執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)以及控制系統(tǒng)等。將該系統(tǒng)安裝在4102BG發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上，代替原來的配氣機(jī)構(gòu)，并對(duì)該系統(tǒng)的性能進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：本套結(jié)構(gòu)能夠控制氣門的氣門正時(shí)，緩解氣門落座沖擊。同時(shí)研究了運(yùn)行參數(shù)如發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速、液壓系統(tǒng)的壓力和驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓對(duì)可變配氣機(jī)構(gòu)控制特性的影響，這些參數(shù)不同程度地影響著可變配氣的動(dòng)態(tài)特性。
關(guān)鍵詞：可變配氣系統(tǒng)；液壓系統(tǒng)；無凸輪軸可變配氣技術(shù)；氣門彈簧剛度；氣門正時(shí)。
外文摘要示例
ABSTRACT
This variable valve timing and lift system powered by electronic hydraulic system is one kind of variable valve timing and lift system without cam．By analyzing and comparing several kinds of domestic and intemational advanced electronically controlled variable valve timing and lift system，a new kind of variable valve timing and lift system is developed in this paper．The system simulation model is established for the variable valve timing and lift system．Then the studies on the main structure parameters of the system，such as piston diameter,spring rigidity of the valve and flow area of electro—magnetic valve，obtained the characteristics of the variable intake valve system，Both the model and this studies speed up the development processes，thus minimizing the number of hardware variations． Based on the design and the simulation，a test is conducted on the cylinder heads of 41 02BG diesel with the variable valve timing and lift system，which can provide experimental documents for validation．Test bench includes the hydraulic driving system、variable valve actuator system，and electronic control units system etc．According to the experiment，the control strategy was amended detailedly．As a result，a fast，precise and steady dynamic result as well as a reliable static state Was achieved．
Key word：Variable valve timing and lift system；The hydraulic；Without the camshaft variable valve timing technology；Valve spring stiffness；valve timing.
I
本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
液壓式可變配氣系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
院系名稱： 汽車與交通工程學(xué)院
專業(yè)班級(jí)： 車輛工程 BW07-10班
學(xué)生姓名： 馬心宇
指導(dǎo)教師： 安永東
職 稱： 副教授
黑 龍 江 工 程 學(xué) 院
二○一一年六月
The Graduation Design for Bachelor's Degree
Design of the Hydraulic Variable Valve Timing System
Candidate：Ma Xinyu
Specialty：Vehicle Engineering
Class：B07-10
Supervisor：Associate Prof. An Yongdong
Heilongjiang Institute of Technology
2011-06·Harbin
黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
目 錄
摘要...................................................................................................................II
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................III
第1章 緒論.......................................................................................................1
1.1發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)配氣機(jī)構(gòu)的可變技術(shù)...................................................................................1
1.1.1可變進(jìn)氣系統(tǒng)........................................................................................................1
1.1.2可變配氣相位.................................................................................................2
1.1.3可變進(jìn)氣渦流強(qiáng)度.........................................................................................4
1.2發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展...................................................................................4
1.2.1凸輪軸氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu).....................................................................................4
1.2.2凸輪軸可變氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu).............................................................................5
1.2.3無凸輪軸驅(qū)動(dòng)配氣機(jī)構(gòu).................................................................................5
1.2.4電液驅(qū)動(dòng)配氣機(jī)構(gòu).........................................................................................6
1.2.5電磁氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu).........................................................................................7
1.2.6電氣氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu).........................................................................................8
1.2.7其他的氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu).....................................................................................8
1.3本課題的意義和主要工作內(nèi)容...............................................................................9
第2章 確定系統(tǒng)方案、擬定液壓原理圖...............................................................11
2.1電控液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)可變配氣系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成.....................................................................11
2.2電控液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)可變配氣系統(tǒng)的工作原理............................................................12
2.3擬定液壓原理圖....................................................................................................12
2.4本章小結(jié)................................................................................................................13
第3章 液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算......................................................................................14
3.1液壓系統(tǒng)額定壓力的選取....................................................................................14
3.2液壓系統(tǒng)額定流量的選取....................................................................................15
3.3液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)................................................................................................16
3.4液壓元件的選擇與計(jì)算........................................................................................17
3.4.1液壓泵的選擇.............................................................................................17
3.4.2選擇驅(qū)動(dòng)液壓泵的電動(dòng)機(jī).........................................................................18
3.4.3液壓閥的選擇.............................................................................................18
3.4.4油箱的選擇.................................................................................................19
3.4.5蓄能器的選取.............................................................................................19
3.4.6管道尺寸的確定.........................................................................................19
3.5本章小結(jié)................................................................................................................20
第4章 氣門驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)..........................................................................................21
4.1上端蓋的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)................................................................................................22
4.2下底蓋得設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................................................22
4.3柱塞的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)....................................................................................................23
4.4柱塞套筒的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)............................................................................................23
4.5本章小結(jié)................................................................................................................24
第5章 溢流閥的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)..........................................................................................25
5.1溢流閥的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理...................................................................................25
5.1.1直動(dòng)型溢流閥...........................................................................................25
5.1.2 先導(dǎo)式溢流閥..........................................................................................26
5.2溢流閥的主要性能...............................................................................................28
5.2.1靜態(tài)特性...................................................................................................28
5.2.2動(dòng)態(tài)特性...................................................................................................28
5.2.3先導(dǎo)型溢流閥的靜態(tài)特性分析...............................................................30
5.3溢流閥的基本應(yīng)用...............................................................................................33
5.4本章小結(jié)...............................................................................................................35
結(jié)論.......................................................................................................................................36
參考文獻(xiàn).............................................................................................................................37
致謝.......................................................................................................................................38
附錄.......................................................................................................................................39
附錄A：英文文獻(xiàn)........................................................................................................39
附錄B：中文文獻(xiàn).......................................................................................................................46