Module 3《Adventure in literature and the cinema》Grammar學(xué)案2（外研版必修5）

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111 高二英語(yǔ)Module3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema 第一課時(shí)INTRODUCTION AND SPEAKING 1.What different types of book can you find in our daily life? martial arts romantic crime biography fantasy history autobiography cartoon adventure thriller science fiction comedy Now look at the words which all describe the types of books. Please match them with their meanings Now answer the three questions: 1.Which book would you like to read? Why? 2.What is the book about? 3.What type is the book of? The answers: The book I like best is the third. It tells about life and works of Mark Twain. Mark Twain is one of America’s greatest writers. He did various kinds of jobs, traveled many places, read a lot of books, had rich experiences & had very creative ability. He wrote many world-famous books. So I admire him very much and want to know all about him. I think this book is a biography. I would like to read the second book. It tells us it is Chinese that discovered America first. I like reading this book because I like history and this book is a true account of Chinese past I like the first best.It is written by the famous writer --- Stephen King. “Wol-ves of the Calla” is the last one of the five novels written by Stephen King --- “The Dark Tower”series.It is about a mysterious exploration story. I think it is an adventure and a very exciting book. Step2:homework Write about your favourite book and why 第二課時(shí) Reading Step1:Pre-reading: Look at the picture on P.22. Think about what Huck and Jim will do. They will hide themselves in someplace near the strange thing and observe what it is. I think they will go ahead bravely and see what on earth the strange thing is. Step2:Fast reading: Read the passage quickly and summarize the general idea of the passage and complete Activity 2 about the order of events they happen. Step3:Fast reading: Main idea of the passage: The whole passage tells us one of the stories that happened while Huck and Jim were sailing sown the Mississippi River on a raft. It describes what Huck and Jim saw and what they did Step4:The Steamboat (A narrative writing) Part 1 ? Sailing straight towards a steamboat hitting a rock to take a look Part 2 ? A man going to shoot another man lying on the floor, tied up with rope Part 3 ? finding a way to save him Step5:Careful reading: Read the passage carefully again. Finish Activities 4-6 and answer the following questions: 1.What was the weather like after midnight? 2.Who do you think is braver? 3.Can you guess why the two men wanted to kill the other man? 4.What was Huck’s feeling after they stole their boat? sample answers: 1.There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down. 2.I think Huck is braver than Jim. 3.Maybe the man knew some important things, but the two men didn’t want others to know. 4.He began to feel bad about what they had done. He didn’t want all three men to die. 第三課時(shí)Grammar 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解 v非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分為三類： v分詞， 包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞 v現(xiàn)在分詞--interesting surprising v過(guò)去分詞--interested surprised v動(dòng)名詞-- running waiting v動(dòng)詞不定式 --to run to wait v他們具有名詞和形容詞的某些特征，因而可以做主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 v要注意動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別： v動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，要注意哪些動(dòng)詞要求用不定式做賓語(yǔ)，哪些動(dòng)詞則要求用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞---動(dòng)詞不定式 v要求用不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞是： vwant, wish, like, decide, help, begin, forget, learn, ask afford, agree, ask, attempt, begin, demand, desire, dislike, expect, hate, hope, learn, decide, seem, intend, try, refuse, manage, order, fail, choose, forget, mean, pretend, promise, seek, struggle,, venture, wait, 等等； 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞---動(dòng)詞不定式 vHe managed to pass the exam. He persuaded me to accept the invitation. He promised to be here at nine. I didn’t expect to see you here. 在某些復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，常先用it代表不定式，而把不定式放到后面去。例如： He considered it better to leave now. I found it impossible to finish the work on time. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞---動(dòng)詞不定式 v由only, last, next 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式做定語(yǔ); 不定式還可用作名詞或代詞的的賓語(yǔ) vShe is always the first student to arrive at school. vHe is always the last one to leave the office. vI don’t think he is the best man to do the job. vI have no desire to travel. vYou’ll find something to interest you here. vThere is no need to bother him with such trifles. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞---動(dòng)詞不定式 v不帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式 v在有些使役動(dòng)詞及感官動(dòng)詞后可用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等。例如： vThe teacher makes me rewrite the composition. vI heard her say that she was fed up. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞----動(dòng)名詞 v動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞原形 + ing構(gòu)成，在句中可作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。 v要求用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞是： vmind, enjoy, miss, imagine, finish, suggest, risk, advise, deny, practise, require admit, acknowledge, appreciate, avoid can’t help, consider, dislike, excuse, favor, finish, give up,? keep on, miss, postpone, put off, stop, look forward to,? object to, be accustomed to, be used to doing, succeed in, look like, feel like, insist on, stick to,? persist in, 等等。 第四課時(shí) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞----動(dòng)名詞 v例如： Some people do not enjoy smoking. Because of the bad weather, we postpone holding the meeting. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞----動(dòng)名詞 v某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)（動(dòng)名詞特殊用法） v(1)There is no + v-ing “…是不可能的”。例如： vThere is no knowing how old she is. v(= I t is impossible to know how old she is.) vThere is no telling where she’s gone. v(= It is impossible / difficult to know where she’s gone.) v(2)make a point of + doing “認(rèn)為…是必要的”。例如： vOur family make a point of going to church every Sunday. v(= Our family make it a rule to go to church every Sunday.) v(3)be on the point / verge/ brink of + doing “瀕臨，將要…”。例如： vHe was on the point of leaving. v(4)on (upon) + doing “一…就…”。例如： vOn hearing the news, I changed my plans. v(= As soon as I heard the news, I changed my plans.) v(5)it is no use / good + doing “…是沒(méi)有用的”，there is no point in doing sth “…是沒(méi)必要的”。例如： vIt is no use trying to persuade him. (= It is of no use to try to persuade him.) vThere is no point in telling her this news. (= It is not necessary to tell her the news.) v(6)go + doing (大部分指運(yùn)動(dòng)和游戲)。例如： vHe went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc. v(7)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)常用在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中： vhave difficulty (in) + doing sth vhave trouble (in) + doing sth vhave fun (in) + doing sth vhave a good time (in) + doing sth vhave a hard time (in) + doing sth v例1：We have great difficulty (in) solving the problem. v例2：They had problem getting there. 第五課時(shí) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 v在學(xué)習(xí)和使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)： v要注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。試比較： vWhen living abroad, he wrote many letters to his family and friends. vWhen heated, the ice will change into water. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 v要注意不定式和分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不同： v在感官動(dòng)詞（see, watch, hear, feel, notice等）后既可用不帶to 的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，也可用現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)。兩者中間有時(shí)是有差別的。用現(xiàn)在分詞時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，用不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作全部結(jié)束了。例如： v A: Do you hear someone knocking at the door? v B: Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 v不定式和分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別，不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式和所修飾的名詞在意義上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此，如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面就應(yīng)有必要的介詞。如果是分詞作定語(yǔ), 則被修飾的名詞和分詞之間有主謂關(guān)系。例如： vGive me a piece of paper to write on. vAll of us look forward to the coming holiday. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 v5. 動(dòng)名詞和不定式做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在表示比較抽象的一般的行為時(shí)，多用動(dòng)名詞， 表示具體某次動(dòng)作，特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用不定式。例如： vReading without thorough comprehension is no good. vIt is quite necessary to read it many times. 1。We let the raft sail down the river. 2. He agreed to go. 3. I don’t want to board a sinking ship. 4. The frightened man started crying. 5. We heard the two men shouting. 第六課時(shí) 重難點(diǎn)講解： 1. Suddenly, by the light of the lightning, we saw something in the middle of the river. （P22） by the light of … 靠（借）著……的光 他們夜間借著拖拉機(jī)的光工作。 They worked by the light of their tractors at night. 2. It looked like a house at first, but then we realized it was a steamboat. （P22） look : link verb它看起來(lái)像只貓。It looks like a big cat. 3. “It looks as if it’ll go under soon,” Jim said, after a couple of minutes. P22 as if = as though 好象，似乎 as if 從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況： （1）從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 You look as if you do not care. （2）從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had＋過(guò)去分詞” He talked about Paris as if he had been there before. （3）從句表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 It looks as if it might snow. 4. a couple of: 一些，幾個(gè) a couple ：一雙，一對(duì) There’s a couple of girls waiting for you outside. I don’t know why I feel so bad; I only have a couple of drinks. 5. suggest: 建議,提議 suggest作“建議”講時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”。 I suggest that work（should）be started at once. The doctor suggested that she（should）not smoke. John suggested going together in one car. 6. To our astonishment, there was a light in one of the cabins. to one’s astonishment:使某人驚訝的是 To my astonishment, the keys were in the door. 7. When he heard these words, Jim panicked and ran to the raft. panic:v. （使）驚慌，驚慌失措 Don’t panic; there is no danger. 8. It was quite dark, but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope. tie up:把（某人）捆綁起來(lái) They tied Tom up and put him in the closet. 9. “I’ve had enough of you. I’m going to shoot you now,” this man said. shoot: 射中 shoot at: “向……射擊”，不一定射中 He shot a bird and killed it. He shot at a bird, but missed it. 10. He sounds as if he’s going to die of fright! 辨析：die of , die from 與 die by die of cancer/ hunger/ sorrow/ thirst/ old age 死于癌癥/ 饑餓/ 悲痛/ 饑渴/ 衰老（多指內(nèi)部原因和精神上的原因） die from a disease/ a wound/ overwork/ an unknown cause死于疾病/ 外傷/ 過(guò)度勞累/ 不明原因（多指外部、未知的原因） die by one’s own hand/ hanging/ the sword 自殺/ 吊死/ 被刀劍砍死（因暴力、兇器等非常手段致死） 第七課時(shí)Exercises 【典型例題】 1. I can guess you were in a hurry. You your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing 2. — We that you would fix the TV set this week. — I’m sorry. I to, but I’ve been too busy. A. had expected；had intended B. are expecting；had intended C. expect；intend D. expected；intend 3. He will stop showing off, if no notice of him. A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken 4. — It is said that another new car factory now. — Yeah. It one and a half years. A. is building；takes B. is being built；will take C. is built；will take D. is being built；takes 5. — I’m sorry, but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. — You your temper but that’s OK. A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing 6. — Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty! — Mum, I my storeroom downstairs. A. cleaned B. have worked C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning 7. They won’t buy new clothes because they money to buy a color TV set. A. save B. are saving C. has saved D. were saving 8. Good heavens! There you are! We anxious about you, and we you back throughout the night. A. are；expect B. were；had expected C. have been；were expecting D. are；were expecting 9. I’ve finally finished my paper and it me an entire month. A. takes B. took C. was taken D. had taken 10. The traffic in our city is already good and it even better. A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting 11. —You don’t look very _____. Are you ill? —No, I’m just a bit tired.（2003 北京） A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy 12. —Go for a picnic this weekend, OK? — ___, I love getting close to the nature.（2004 福建） A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not C. I believe not D. I don’t think so 13. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted , ____ away.（2005 全國(guó)II） A. run B. running C. to run D. ran 14. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______ to eat more fruit and vegetables.（2004 上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded 答案： 1—5 DAABC 6—10 DBCBD 11—14 BABD 第八課時(shí) 【模擬試題】 （一） Not many years ago, a wealthy and rather strange old man named Johnson lived alone in a village in the south of England. He had made a lot of money in trading with foreign countries. When he was seventy—five, he gave ￡ 12,000 to the village school to buy land and equipment （設(shè)備） for a children’s playground. As a result of his kindness, many people came to visit him. Among them was a newspaperman. During their talk, Johnson remarked that he was seventy-five and expected to live to be a hundred. The newspaperman asked him how he managed to be healthy at seventy—five. Johnson had a sense of humour（幽默）. He liked whisky（威士忌酒）and drank some each day. “I have an injection（注射）in my neck each evening.”he told the newspaperman, thinking of his evening glass of whisky. The newspaperman did not understand what Johnson meant. In his newspaper he reported that Johnson was seventy—five and had a daily injection in his neck. Within a week Johnson received thousands of letters from all over Britain, asking him for the secret of his daily injection. 1. Johnson became a rich man through A. doing business. B. making whisky. C. cheating. D. buying and selling land. 2. The gift of money to the school suggests that Johnson A. had no children. B. was a strange man. C. was very fond of children. D. wanted people to know how rich he was. 3. Many people wrote to Johnson to find out A. what kind of whisky he had. B. how to live longer. C. how to become wealthy. D. in which part of the neck to have an injection. 4. The newspaperman A. should have reported what Johnson had told him. B. shouldn’t have asked Johnson what injection he had. C. was eager to live a long life. D. should have found out what Johnson really meant. 5. When Johnson said he had an injection in his neck each evening, he really meant that A. he liked drinking a glass of whisky in the evening. B. he needed an injection in the neck. C. a daily injection in the evening would make him sleep well. D. there was something wrong with his neck. （二） “I’m very tired from working here,” said Jean to her friend Kate, “I’m on my feet from morning to night. For the first quarter of the day, I clean up the counter （柜臺(tái)） and set the tables. For the next quarter, I help in the kitchen. For the second half of my workday, I take orders at the counters.” “Kate, I wish I had your job,” Jean went on. “For four hours you just sit at the cash register （收款臺(tái)）taking in money.” “But I spend two more hours in the kitchen（廚房）than you do,” said Kate. “It’s tiring to cook over a hot stove. I don’t think you’d really want my job. In fact, I’d like your job.” 1. Both Jean and Kate probably work in a A. hotel B. library C. lab D. shop 2. How long did they work every day? A. eight hours B. twelve hours. C. Ten hours D. Nine hours 3. How long did Kate spend in the kitchen? A. a quarter day. B. A half day. C. One-third day. D. Three-fourths day. 4. From this passage we can see that A. they are both interested in their work. B. their work is neither tiring nor busy. C. both of them are tired of their work. D. they’ve decided to give up their work. 5. Give a proper proverb（諺語(yǔ)）to Jean and Kate. A. It’s never too late to learn. B. It’s no use crying over spilt milk. C. The grass is always greener on the other side. D. One swallow（燕子）does not make a summer. 111