1653-知識競賽搶答器PLC設(shè)計

1653-知識競賽搶答器PLC設(shè)計,知識競賽,搶答,plc,設(shè)計 無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書I目錄第一章 概述 …………………………………………………………………………11.1 PLC 的簡介………………………………………………………………………11.2 PLC 的用途與特點………………………………………………………………11.2.1 PLC 的用途………………………………………………………………11.2.2 PLC 的特點 ……………………………………………………………21.3 PLC 的分類………………………………………………………………………41.3.1 按 I/O 點數(shù)容量分類……………………………………………………41.3.2 按結(jié)構(gòu)形式分類…………………………………………………………4第二章 整體方案的選擇……………………………………………………………62.1 整體功能介紹 …………………………………………………………………62.2 控制要求 ………………………………………………………………………62.3 用單片機和 PLC 分別做系統(tǒng)的比較 …………………………………………7第三章 硬件電路設(shè)計 ……………………………………………………………93.1 控制特點分析 …………………………………………………………………93.2 PLC 機型的選擇步驟與原則 …………………………………………………103.3 搶答器流程圖 …………………………………………………………………113.4 程序中所使用的 FX 系列 PLC 的編程元件介紹………………………………113.4.1 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 取指令與輸出指令（LD/LDI/LDP/LDF/OUT）……113.4.2 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 觸點串聯(lián)指令（AND/ANI/ANDP/ANDF） …………123.4.3 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 觸點并聯(lián)指令（OR/ORI/ORP/ORF）………………133.4.4 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 塊操作指令（ORB / ANB） ………………………143.4.5 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 置位與復(fù)位指令（SET/RST） ……………………153.4.6 傳送類指令 MOV SMOV CMOV BMOV FMOV………………………………153.4.7 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 常數(shù)（K、H）………………………………………183.4.8 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 輸入繼電器（X） …………………………………183.4.9 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 輸入繼電器（Y） …………………………………193.4.10 輔助繼電器 …………………………………………………………193.4.11 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 定時器（T）………………………………………203.4.12 微分指令（PLS/PLF） ………………………………………………22無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書II3.4.13 位右移和位左移指令 ………………………………………………233.5 PLC 與七段 LED 顯示器連接設(shè)計 ……………………………………………243.5.1 LED 數(shù)碼管的結(jié)構(gòu)及主要特性 ………………………………………243.5.2 PLC 與七段數(shù)碼管方案選擇 …………………………………………253.5.3 PLC 與七段數(shù)碼管直接連接阻值計算 ………………………………263.5.4 外部硬件接線圖 ……………………………………………………26第四章 軟件設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………274.1I/O 分配 ………………………………………………………………………274.2 根據(jù)控制要求進行梯形圖設(shè)計 ………………………………………………284.3 程序運行過程分析 ……………………………………………………………334.4 源程序…………………………………………………………………………344.5 程序的下載、安裝和調(diào)試 ……………………………………………………41第五章 總結(jié)與展望 ………………………………………………………………42致謝…………………………………………………………………………………43參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………45無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書III知識競賽搶答器 PLC設(shè)計摘 要:本文介紹了利用三菱FX2N系列PLC對知識競賽搶答器的控制,闡述了控制方案。實現(xiàn)搶答器功能的方式有多種，可以采用早期的模擬電路、數(shù)字電路或模數(shù)混合電路。近年來隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，單片機、PLC的應(yīng)用不斷地走向深入，同時帶動傳統(tǒng)的控制檢測技術(shù)的不斷更新。本文采用日本三菱公司生產(chǎn)的FX2N-48MR型PLC 作為核心控制器進行四路搶答器系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，并且設(shè)計出了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖、程序指令、梯形圖以及輸入輸出端子的分配方案。同時根據(jù)知識競賽搶答器的控制要求和特點,確定PLC 的輸入輸出分配,并進行現(xiàn)場調(diào)試。關(guān)鍵詞:PLC 知識競賽搶答器 PLC程序設(shè)計無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書IVKnowledge contests Responder PLC designAbstract: This paper describes the use of the Mitsubishi FX2N Series PLC knowledge contest Responder control on the control programme. Responder achieve in the way the various functions can be used early analog circuits, digital circuits or a few mixed mode circuit. In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the single-chip microcomputer, the PLC application continuously deepening, and lead the traditional control detection technology constantly updated. In this paper, produced by Japan's Mitsubishi FX2N-48MR of the PLC as the core controller Quad Responder system design, and design structure of the system, the programming instructions, ladder diagram, as well as input and output terminal of distribution programme. At the same time according to the knowledge contest Responder control requirements and characteristics of the input and output PLC determine distribution, and on-site commissioning. Key words: PLC knowledge contest Responder PLC Program Design無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書I目錄第一章 概述 …………………………………………………………………………11.1 PLC 的簡介………………………………………………………………………11.2 PLC 的用途與特點………………………………………………………………11.2.1 PLC 的用途………………………………………………………………11.2.2 PLC 的特點 ……………………………………………………………21.3 PLC 的分類………………………………………………………………………41.3.1 按 I/O 點數(shù)容量分類……………………………………………………41.3.2 按結(jié)構(gòu)形式分類…………………………………………………………4第二章 整體方案的選擇……………………………………………………………62.1 整體功能介紹 …………………………………………………………………62.2 控制要求 ………………………………………………………………………62.3 用單片機和 PLC 分別做系統(tǒng)的比較 …………………………………………7第三章 硬件電路設(shè)計 ……………………………………………………………93.1 控制特點分析 …………………………………………………………………93.2 PLC 機型的選擇步驟與原則 …………………………………………………103.3 搶答器流程圖 …………………………………………………………………113.4 程序中所使用的 FX 系列 PLC 的編程元件介紹………………………………113.4.1 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 取指令與輸出指令（LD/LDI/LDP/LDF/OUT）……113.4.2 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 觸點串聯(lián)指令（AND/ANI/ANDP/ANDF） …………123.4.3 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 觸點并聯(lián)指令（OR/ORI/ORP/ORF）………………133.4.4 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 塊操作指令（ORB / ANB） ………………………143.4.5 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 置位與復(fù)位指令（SET/RST） ……………………153.4.6 傳送類指令 MOV SMOV CMOV BMOV FMOV………………………………153.4.7 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 常數(shù)（K、H）………………………………………183.4.8 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 輸入繼電器（X） …………………………………183.4.9 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 輸入繼電器（Y） …………………………………193.4.10 輔助繼電器 …………………………………………………………193.4.11 三菱 FX 系列 PLC 定時器（T）………………………………………203.4.12 微分指令（PLS/PLF） ………………………………………………22無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書II3.4.13 位右移和位左移指令 ………………………………………………233.5 PLC 與七段 LED 顯示器連接設(shè)計 ……………………………………………243.5.1 LED 數(shù)碼管的結(jié)構(gòu)及主要特性 ………………………………………243.5.2 PLC 與七段數(shù)碼管方案選擇 …………………………………………253.5.3 PLC 與七段數(shù)碼管直接連接阻值計算 ………………………………263.5.4 外部硬件接線圖 ……………………………………………………26第四章 軟件設(shè)計…………………………………………………………………274.1I/O 分配 ………………………………………………………………………274.2 根據(jù)控制要求進行梯形圖設(shè)計 ………………………………………………284.3 程序運行過程分析 ……………………………………………………………334.4 源程序…………………………………………………………………………344.5 程序的下載、安裝和調(diào)試 ……………………………………………………41第五章 總結(jié)與展望 ………………………………………………………………42致謝…………………………………………………………………………………43參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………45無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書III知識競賽搶答器 PLC設(shè)計摘 要:本文介紹了利用三菱FX2N系列PLC對知識競賽搶答器的控制,闡述了控制方案。實現(xiàn)搶答器功能的方式有多種，可以采用早期的模擬電路、數(shù)字電路或模數(shù)混合電路。近年來隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，單片機、PLC的應(yīng)用不斷地走向深入，同時帶動傳統(tǒng)的控制檢測技術(shù)的不斷更新。本文采用日本三菱公司生產(chǎn)的FX2N-48MR型PLC 作為核心控制器進行四路搶答器系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，并且設(shè)計出了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖、程序指令、梯形圖以及輸入輸出端子的分配方案。同時根據(jù)知識競賽搶答器的控制要求和特點,確定PLC 的輸入輸出分配,并進行現(xiàn)場調(diào)試。關(guān)鍵詞:PLC 知識競賽搶答器 PLC程序設(shè)計無錫職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書IVKnowledge contests Responder PLC designAbstract: This paper describes the use of the Mitsubishi FX2N Series PLC knowledge contest Responder control on the control programme. Responder achieve in the way the various functions can be used early analog circuits, digital circuits or a few mixed mode circuit. In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the single-chip microcomputer, the PLC application continuously deepening, and lead the traditional control detection technology constantly updated. In this paper, produced by Japan's Mitsubishi FX2N-48MR of the PLC as the core controller Quad Responder system design, and design structure of the system, the programming instructions, ladder diagram, as well as input and output terminal of distribution programme. At the same time according to the knowledge contest Responder control requirements and characteristics of the input and output PLC determine distribution, and on-site commissioning. Key words: PLC knowledge contest Responder PLC Program Design外文資料翻譯1Vertical Turning Center of NCNew SINUMERIK 802D CNC system on the use of more than 10 years of SKIQ16 CNC B Vertical Turning Center of NC, NC Machine Tool powerful features greatly broadened the scope of machining parts, and better ensuring the processing of parts the consistency and quality of products. This article was the second SINUMERIK NC application essay activities and the transformation of a prize-second prize. KIQ16 CNC B Vertical Turning Center in the Czech HULIN companies in the 1990s manufacture, use FANUC-BASK 6T CNC system. Since the machine had been in use for more than 10 years, and the NC system upgrading, BASK 6T-FANUC CNC system has been shutdown, system board of aging, expensive spare parts. A new CNC machine tools to transform the system is imperative so that the machine can restore vitality, and give better play to the potential of machine tools. Transformation programme development The original full-featured machine, including spindle (table) and the rotation axis milling campaign, X, Z-axis coordinates of movement, 15 knives in a knife library systems, and such as the cooling system, hydraulic system, lubrication system , Paixie system functional machine. Spindle axis and milling by DC and DC motor speed regulator. X and Z-axis also coordinates by DC servo motor and DC servo governor. The knife used ordinary three-phase asynchronous AC motor from the five binary cam positioning. The mechanical part of the machine all good mechanical properties of stability, accuracy fair and normal hydraulic system, the part of the capital remain unchanged. NC system and the replacement of electrical control part, by SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D CNC system. X and Z axes and knives coordinates the servo drive system uses SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system and a FK7 servo motor, encoder pulse chosen as a location detection devices, digital servo drive system to achieve closed-loop control. And milling spindle axis drive system by the British company's 590 + Eurotherm Series DC motor speed control device. Machine control of other electrical lines, the replacement of electrical control devices to ensure that all kinds of machine control function and operation of the realization of the 外文資料翻譯2electrical control machine tools guarantee a long-term reliable work. Apart from increasing MCP machine control panel, we must also re-designed machine operator panel with all types of machine function buttons and lights. NC system and the servo drive system coordinates SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D CNC system is all CNC, PLC, HMI and communications tasks integration, is based on the NC system of PROFIBUS. Maintenance-free hardware integration PROFIBUS interface used to drive and I / O module and installed a speed of the operation panel. SINUMERIK 802D CNC control system X, Z axes and knives to the three figures into a spindle axis and. The machine used two I / O modules and machine operator panel PP72/48 MCP. TOOLBOX 802D use in PROGRAMMING TOOL PLC 802 software development PLC control procedures, call the subroutine library PLC SBR32 PLC-INI PLC initialization, SBR33 EMG-STOP exigency stop processing, transmission SBR34 MCP-802D machine control panel corresponding I / O status, NCK-SBR38 MCP MCP machine control panel signal, signal sent to the operation panel HMI NCK interface, SBR39 HANDWHL from the operation panel HMI in the machine coordinates or workpiece coordinate system selection hand wheel, SBR40 AXIS-CTL Feed spindle axis and enable control. The subroutine is the standard lathe control procedures, and so different from the actual situation of the machine, the digital knife-axis, an increase of the number of digital axis. In the machine control panel and feed axis and the spindle can control subroutine will be done in certain modifications. Vertical Turning Center unlike ordinary horizontal lathe, coordinates a different direction, it is also necessary to do subroutine amended accordingly. SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system is a function of the drive system can be configured with SINUMERIK 802D CNC system constitutes an ideal combination. SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system in the machine to meet the dynamic response and speed adjustment range and rotation accuracy characteristics of the requirement to use modular design can be optimized to best independent state. Debugging can drive on a PC using SimoCom U or use of the front of the driver modules for display and keyboard. SimoCom U can be set using drives and motors and power modules matching the basic parameters of actual under servo 外文資料翻譯3motor drive mechanical parts, the SIIMODRIVE 611UE speed controller for automatic optimization of the parameters; can monitor the operational status of drivers, including actual motor current and the actual torque. axis milling spindle and drive system And milling spindle axis drive system using the British company's 590 + Eurotherm Series DC motor speed control device. 590 + series of DC motor speed control device as supporting and control equipment installed in the standard box components and design. AC 380V control devices using the standard three-phase voltage, providing DC output voltage and current for the armature and exciting, applicable to DC Motor control and permanent magnet motor. 590 + series of DC motor speed device is used to achieve 32-bit microprocessor, has many advanced features: complex control algorithms; standard software modules and software configuration can control circuit integration of the serial link, and NC transmission devices or other communications systems, advanced to a process system. Axis milling spindle motor and not replaced, the original analog volume control. The spindle motor and non-spindle between 1:1 Direct Connect, spindle SIEMENS installed on the 5000 line TTL pulse incremental encoder. SIIMODRIVE 611UE bus will address the biaxial 12 A feed channel module with the spindle, set a stack axis. Through the SINUMERIK 802D CNC system parameter settings, the use of SimoCom U driver debugging tools adjustment SIIMODRIVE 611UE bus configuration parameters and analog output, analog output interface for a given output spindle speed (± 10V), digital Output can be used to simulate the spindle control, WSG interface used to connect a spindle speed encoder feedback, and complete control of spindle configuration. knife Library System knife because the original system used for general motors, mechanical transmission ratio 1:360. The mechanical structure of special knives, knife disc in the vertical Z-axis ram, its direction and the B-axis rotation direction of the same. After transformation, using SIIMODRIVE 611UE and a variable frequency drive system FK7 servo motor, a knife to the NC coordinate axis, as increased pulse encoder position detection devices, digital servo drive system to achieve closed-loop control. 外文資料翻譯4The removal of the original five binary cam positioning mechanism. As the knife after the full gravity knives, knife the disk can not achieve balance gravity. Although the movement can knife precise positioning, but the reasons for the deviation of the actual location, location is still used after positioning coordinates movement pin inserted accurate positioning methods. The special machine tool change process, with different vertical lathe general. PLC control ATC procedures are completed the following process: when the knife with X and Z-axis movement a safe place, Z axis, no knife, a machine tool relaxed state. PLC control manipulator out to promote vertical lathe tool to Z axis machine tool after the completion of that process finished with knives. Shirking knife, X and Z-axis movement a safe place, Z axis, a knife, a machine tool clamping state. PLC control mechanical hand outstretched, this tool to relax, manipulator driven vertical lathe tool retractable knife was back on, machine tool, knife disposal process is complete. SINUMERIK 802D CNC system support for the use of M code or user calls T code cycle can be used for machine tool exchange. By setting parameters M activation code, the use of the procedure called M06 fixed exchange cycle enforcement tool. Procedures for the preparation of users cycle through each algorithm to determine the knife knife-axis (B-axis) rotation angle, use of the definition of M ATC activation PLC logic. PLC NC system will be "read to prohibit" buy-signal so that the cycle of a fixed stop. ATC will be mechanical movements M code with a custom implementation of decomposition, such as: M12 dumping knives, M13 with knives. ATC completed, the PLC will be "read prohibits" reset signal so that the fixed cycle continue. In the fixed cycle shown in the preparation of CNC system prompts on the screen to ATC by step. Machine debugging NC system connecting the various components after the completion of the installation, commissioning start PLC control procedures. Since the equipment is vertical lathe, unlike PLC subroutine library in the lathe applications, it must address the specific conditions of the machine to amend PLC subroutine. Set the knife for B-axis, and the standard procedures only X and Z axis, and the 外文資料翻譯5need to increase the B-axis in the MCP plus or minus adding B-axis direction to move the button, the need for SBR34, SBR38, SBR40 such as subroutine. Because it is vertical lathe, X, Z-axis direction to move the plus or minus key MCP and set different standards also needs to be revised. According to MCP on the machine need to design user-defined keys, such as hydraulic launch, hydraulic stop, relax beams, and light beams locking design MCP and machine operator panels PLC control procedures and debugging features to achieve. Fully tested by the use of the subroutine library of subroutines to ensure that the subroutine with the functions of PLC control procedures linked, are correct. Alarm users edit PLC design, machine parameters provided by setting the properties of each alarm. Machine set basic parameters include: PROFIBUS bus configuration, positioning servo drive module, the spindle axis position control and coordinate enable ratio and transmission parameters. In the machine undergone a series of adjustments, NC Machine Tools has basically can be in normal operation. But to make the whole system into the best running state, but also a system parameter optimization work. When the normal operation of the system as a whole, should also coordinate axis corresponding parameters such as optimal adjustment, such as: speed, gain, and the acceleration of the control parameters, in order to enable access to the best system of the state. In the normal operation of machine tools, machine tools should also mechanical parts, such as the vertical axis, the reverse gap, transmission precision measurement adjustments, the mechanical system to the best. Of course, the mechanical adjustments, should also fine-tune system parameters to enable the machine running in the best condition. When the part of the adjustment after the end of the machine through mechanical precision measurement, CNC machine tools needed for the position control system for precision compensation. Reverse clearance compensation for position feedback encoder mounted on the lead screw drive-head, although the slowdown in bins eliminate mechanical part of the reverse gap, but the reverse itself leadscrew gap still exists, the value of the corresponding input system parameters, each reverse operation, the system of compensation. Because long-term use of the leadscrew wear, the location of the leadscrew pitch and will have a nominal 外文資料翻譯6value error, to improve positioning accuracy, the system parameters compensation. According to the production needs of users with the process of transforming machine tools, from SINUMERIK 802D CNC system for the analysis, design and implementation. At present, against the machine mechanical, electrical, various aspects of the system transformation, installation, commissioning work has been completed, samples were processed fully achieve the desired results. Machine Tool has been transformed into normal use, the progressive completion of a number of machining tasks. From the use of the machine running the state, the modified machine compared with the original machine, greatly enhancing the functionality, a high degree of automation. NC powerful features greatly broadened the scope of machining parts. Better guarantee the consistency of the parts processing, and product quality. At the same time a high degree of automation has greatly reduced the labor intensity operations workers, but in the operation of the overall quality of workers has also put forward higher requirements. From the machine operable, compact structure reasonable, displays, switches and indicator of the layout more suitable for the use of operators. At the same time increased by a small handheld unit operations, in order to operate in different state of the operation of a more appropriate choice of location. The hoisting of the entire operating system using TFT LCD, the window menu-operation, not only to reduce the operation buttons, but more simple and easy operation. After transformation, the machine can be maintained and enhanced. NC system for monitoring the work of the state control components and fault and displayed on the monitor in a timely manner, while PLC control applications, so that the whole machine tool control systems greatly simplify the circuit. All this makes machine fault detection and maintenance more convenient and rapid. Secondly, the need to be tested, liquid injection, fuel components are arranged in operation or maintenance staff accessible areas, which will help the day-to-day maintenance. After transformation, the machine reliability greatly improved. NC system, servo control systems, such as the various components of the system are highly integrated computer control system, which makes the whole machine tool control system itself has a high reliability. Design and Application of PLC, succeeded in bringing all of the 外文資料翻譯7control to the harmonization greatly simplifies the machine control circuit and the necessary components, and more conducive to improving the reliability of the whole system. The completion of the machine tool, not only for users to expand the scope of the processing machine, but also save a lot of money. The success of this transformation for the future transformation of the machine has accumulated a wealth of experience.