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1、專(zhuān)題六動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性、現(xiàn)在反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 He goes to school every day.他每天去上學(xué)。(經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作) (201711,浙江)Im very happy to be invited to this program today. 今天應(yīng)邀參加這個(gè)節(jié)目我很高興。(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)) 2.表示永恒的狀態(tài)或真理。 “Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,“because e
2、very step shows.” 祖母過(guò)去常說(shuō):“人生就像在雪中行走,因?yàn)槊恳徊蕉紩?huì)留下痕跡?！?The moon moves around the earth. 月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,3.在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而不用將來(lái)時(shí)。 When you help others,it will make you feel better about yourself. 當(dāng)你幫助他人時(shí),會(huì)讓你自我感覺(jué)更好。 (2014大綱全國(guó))Unl
3、ess some extra money is found,the theatre will close. 除非能再弄到些錢(qián),否則劇院將關(guān)閉。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,4.按時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表、日程表、節(jié)目單、課程表等規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 So what is the procedure? All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority. 那程序是怎么安排的呢? 在職
4、權(quán)部門(mén)做最后的決定之前所有的申請(qǐng)人都要參加面試。 The train leaves at 8 oclock.火車(chē)將于8點(diǎn)鐘發(fā)車(chē)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.will 表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 (2017全國(guó))Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China? 哪一部劇將在中國(guó)國(guó)家大劇院上演? Fish will die without water.魚(yú)離開(kāi)水就會(huì)死掉。 2.be going to (1)表示現(xiàn)在
5、打算或計(jì)劃將來(lái)要做的事。 (201610浙江)Im going to find a better spot for us to camp. 我打算找個(gè)更好的地方為我們?nèi)ニ逘I(yíng)。 (2)表示根據(jù)某種跡象認(rèn)為在最近或?qū)?lái)要發(fā)生的事。 It is going to rain.天要下雨了。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,3.be to (1)表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定。 Are we to go on with this work? 我們要繼續(xù)這項(xiàng)工作嗎? (2)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的意志、意圖、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、命令等。 We are t
6、o take care of the children. 我們應(yīng)該照顧好孩子們。 (3)表示注定要發(fā)生的事情。 Her plan is to be a failure. 她的計(jì)劃注定要失敗。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,4.be about to 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,不與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,可與when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。 The plane is about to leave. 飛機(jī)即將起飛。 5.will與be going to的區(qū)別 will多表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)才做出的決定,或臨時(shí)決定做某事。be going
7、to表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮或做好安排將要做某事。 What time is it? I have no idea.But just a minute,I will check it for you. 現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了? 我不知道。但是稍等一會(huì)兒,我?guī)湍愦_認(rèn)一下。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,過(guò)去時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,或者過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 (2016全國(guó)乙)But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence,the lady on the desk said,“Well,
8、Im really sorry.Ive got some bad news for youthere are no flights from Washington.” 但當(dāng)我到了Providence的值機(jī)前臺(tái)時(shí),值機(jī)小姐說(shuō):“真的很遺憾,告訴您一個(gè)不好的消息從華盛頓來(lái)的航班沒(méi)有了?！?Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year,teaching as a volunteer. 很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有見(jiàn)你了!你去哪了? 我去寧夏待了一年,作為一個(gè)志愿者在那里教學(xué)
9、。 (2016全國(guó)乙)I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. 去年在美國(guó)的一次途中我遇到了颶風(fēng)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,由“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。 (2016四川)Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. 我們不是在說(shuō)人人都需要為窮人貢獻(xiàn)一生。 2.go,e,leave
10、,arrive,return,stop,start,begin,meet等動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 明天我要到北京去。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,3.與always,constantly,forever,continually,all the time 等連用,表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有不滿(mǎn)、抱怨或者贊賞等感情色彩。 He is always helping others. 他總是幫助別人。 4.進(jìn)行時(shí)有
11、時(shí)可表示漸變過(guò)程。 His health is improving every day. 他的健康狀況每天都有好轉(zhuǎn)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,5.下面四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 (1)表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞:like,love,hate,care,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need等。 (2)表示存在的狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞:appear,exist,lie,remain,seem等。 (3)表示短暫性、一次性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞:allow,accept,remember,permit
12、,promise,admit,plete等。 (4)感官動(dòng)詞:see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look等。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。其使用通常有兩種情況: 1.所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話(huà)之前已完成,而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響,句中沒(méi)有具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 (201711浙江)Weve been to this place before,and I dont feel the soup tastes any different. 我們以前來(lái)過(guò)
13、這個(gè)地方,(所以)我感覺(jué)這個(gè)湯嘗起來(lái)沒(méi)有不同的地方。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常與for...和 since...等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或 so far等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)連用。 (2016四川)And yet,people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地) of the French Republic since 194
14、6. 然而,這個(gè)地區(qū)的人們實(shí)際上是法國(guó)人,因?yàn)樽?946年以來(lái)它一直是法蘭西共和國(guó)的殖民地。 (2016四川)I have a special love for the French Guianese people.I have worked there on and off for almost ten years. 我對(duì)法屬圭亞那人有種特殊的愛(ài)。我來(lái)來(lái)回回在那里工作過(guò)幾乎十年。 注意:有些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的詞,如 e,go,die,marry,buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for,since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,
15、考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,3.還可用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,表示將來(lái)某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)此動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生。 Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework. 我做完了作業(yè)就去你家。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 公交車(chē)停穩(wěn)才能下車(chē)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,或者過(guò)去某個(gè)階段正在做的事情。 (2016北京)While I was exploring my c
16、uriosity,my disease got worse. 當(dāng)我正在探索我的求知欲時(shí),病情加重了。 In 1980 he was studying in a university. 1980年,他正在一所大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,表示從過(guò)去就預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài),這種時(shí)態(tài)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中,主句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 At college,Barack Obama didnt know that he was to bee the first black president of the Un
17、ited States of America. 上大學(xué)時(shí),巴拉克奧巴馬不知道他將來(lái)會(huì)成為美國(guó)的第一位黑人總統(tǒng)。 (201610浙江)I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would buy the eggs from him. 我告訴他,它們將會(huì)是他自己的雞,并且我們將從他那里買(mǎi)雞蛋。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作之前已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可以表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一時(shí)間,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”
18、。 (201610浙江)After she had climbed to a high place,she turned around,hoping to see the lake. 在她爬上一處高地后,她轉(zhuǎn)身環(huán)顧四周,希望能看到那座湖。 2.表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等,常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式接不定式的完成式表示,即:hoped/planned...+to have done。 I had hoped to send him a Christmas card,but
19、I forgot to do so. 我本來(lái)想寄給他一張圣誕卡,但我忘了。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“have/has been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成,用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(還要繼續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作,它具備“未完性、暫時(shí)性、感情色彩”等特點(diǎn)。 The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. 自從上午9點(diǎn),經(jīng)理就一直在跟工人們講如何改進(jìn)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 It has been r
20、aining for 2 days. 雨已經(jīng)下了兩天了。(表達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)者“抱怨”的感情色彩),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 時(shí)間上有差異:凡有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間的均用過(guò)去時(shí),不能用完成時(shí),如含有ago,last year,just now,the other day。 結(jié)果上有差異:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是對(duì)“現(xiàn)在”的影響和結(jié)果,動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在剛完成或還在繼續(xù);一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去”,和現(xiàn)在毫無(wú)關(guān)系。 I came to Beijing last year,and have been her
21、e since then. 我去年來(lái)的北京,自從那時(shí)起我一直在這里。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí) 這兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)都和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系,都表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。但一般過(guò)去時(shí)只涉及一個(gè)純過(guò)去的動(dòng)作;而過(guò)去完成時(shí)指的是相對(duì)于過(guò)去的某一特定時(shí)間更早發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,即過(guò)去完成時(shí)至少涉及兩個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。 When I got to the party,many of them had left for home. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)晚會(huì)的時(shí)候,他們中的多數(shù)人已經(jīng)離開(kāi)回家了。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)
22、五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 盡管二者所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但一般過(guò)去時(shí)著重強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,表示已經(jīng)結(jié)束。而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)僅表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn),一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,有什么樣的結(jié)果不得而知。 He wrote three letters last night. 他昨晚寫(xiě)了三封信。(表示他寫(xiě)了三封信,暗指都已寫(xiě)完) He was writing a letter at 9:00 last night. 昨晚九點(diǎn),他正在寫(xiě)信。(表示當(dāng)時(shí)他在寫(xiě)信,后來(lái)是否寫(xiě)完就未知了),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八
23、,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) (1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作已完成,著重結(jié)果;現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,這個(gè)動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。 I have painted my new house. 我已經(jīng)給我的新房子上完漆了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)已完成) I have been painting my new house. 我一直在給我的新房子上漆。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作還在繼續(xù)) (2)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示反復(fù)性。 Have you been meeting our teacher these days? 這些天來(lái)
24、你一直見(jiàn)到我們老師嗎?(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)) Have you met our teacher recently? 近來(lái)你見(jiàn)過(guò)我們的老師嗎?(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果),考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.hardly...when...,no sooner...than...句型中,主句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 Hardly had I opened the door when Tom came in. 我剛一開(kāi)門(mén),湯姆就進(jìn)來(lái)了。 2.since,in the last/past+一段時(shí)間,so far,recently等
25、常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)搭配。 Great changes have taken place in our country in the last few years. 過(guò)去的幾年里我們國(guó)家發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 3.This/That/It is/was the first/second...time+that從句,若主句中為is,則從句時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);若主句中為was,則從句時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. 這是我們?nèi)胰说谝淮我黄鸬诫娪霸嚎措娪啊?考點(diǎn)二,考
26、點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,4.“by+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”要與完成時(shí)搭配使用。 You will have learned about 3,000 words by the end of next month. 到下月底你們將已學(xué)習(xí)3000個(gè)單詞。 5.It+be...before...“要過(guò)才”或“在以后才”。在這個(gè)句型中,若be動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí),則before 從句中常用一般過(guò)去時(shí);若be動(dòng)詞用將來(lái)時(shí),則before 從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 Im sorry youve been waiting so long,but itl
27、l still be some time before Brian gets back. 很抱歉讓你等了這么久,但布萊恩還要過(guò)段時(shí)間才能回來(lái)。 6.was/were about to do...when...在when引導(dǎo)的從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。 I was about to leave when he came in. 我正要離開(kāi)這時(shí)他進(jìn)來(lái)了。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,1.表示狀態(tài)特征的系動(dòng)詞,如look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear等構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 The
28、soup smells good but tastes terrible. 這湯聞起來(lái)香但嘗起來(lái)不好。 2.表示主語(yǔ)某種屬性、特征的動(dòng)詞,如read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,shut。 This kind of material washes easily. 這種布料容易洗。 3.表示開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,run等。 The shop closes at 6 pm.every day. 這家商店每天下午六點(diǎn)關(guān)門(mén)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十
29、,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,語(yǔ)態(tài)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,也就是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象,所以只有及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。 (201610浙江)Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meal tickets worth $36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. 在假日酒店的客人一旦產(chǎn)出10瓦電就可得價(jià)值36美元的餐券。 (20
30、16四川)The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. 由于一位名叫Gin的法國(guó)人的努力,這些民族的生活最終被記錄了下來(lái)。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,幾種特殊形式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu): 1.“be+過(guò)去分詞+不定式”形式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) He is reported to have broken a world record. 據(jù)報(bào)道他打破了一項(xiàng)世界
31、紀(jì)錄。 2.“It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句”形式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) Its said that they have discovered a new star. 據(jù)說(shuō)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆新星。,考點(diǎn)二,考點(diǎn)三,考點(diǎn)四,考點(diǎn)五,考點(diǎn)六,考點(diǎn)一,考點(diǎn)八,考點(diǎn)七,考點(diǎn)十,考點(diǎn)十一,考點(diǎn)十二,考點(diǎn)十三,考點(diǎn)九,3.“get+done”構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) get married 結(jié)婚;get hurt受傷;get lost迷路;get caught/stuck/trapped被困 (20176浙江)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept
32、into a pile of kitchen rubbish... Pahlsson和她丈夫現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能被掃進(jìn)了一堆廚房垃圾里,,,.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.(2018北京)Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working (work) as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. 2.(2018北京)Chinas high-speed railways have grown(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometer
33、s in the past few years. 3.(2017全國(guó))Later,engineers managed(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道),which became known as the Tube. 4.(2017全國(guó))Sarah has been told/was told(tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel,earning a million dollars in the next year.,,,,,,,5.(2017全國(guó))S
34、arah says,“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment,school es(e) first.I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling...” 6.(2017天津)Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming,is regarded(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 7.(2017天津)I was driving(drive)down
35、to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.,,,,8.(2018北京)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped (trap) in the mountains for two days. 9.(2018天津)My washing machine is being repaired(repair) this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.,,,,,10.(201
36、8江蘇)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other,for we will have developed (develop) more convenient electronic munication tools by then. 11.(2018江蘇)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried(carry) out in the past two years. 12.(201610浙江)Th
37、e political situation in Libya will bee even worse unless some measures are taken(take). 13.(2018全國(guó))While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking,cycling or swimming.,,,,,,,.完成句子 1.她現(xiàn)在正在手術(shù)室接受手術(shù)。 She is being operated on i
38、n the operating room now. 2.我到門(mén)口時(shí),他們正在看電視。 They were watching TV when I came to the door. 3.到上周末為止,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了100篇短文了。 We had learned 100 passages by the end of last weekend. 4.明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候,我們肯定坐在大學(xué)的教室里了。 By this time next year,we shall/will be sitting in a classroom in university. 5.這間辦公室禁止吸煙。 Smoking is for
39、bidden/banned in this office.,,,,,,,,6.剛才我們給小女孩5分鐘時(shí)間決定是否做這件事。 The little girl was given five minutes by us to decide whether to do it or not just now. 7.如果不制止城市噪音的持續(xù)上升,人們20年后甚至在同一張飯桌上都要提高嗓門(mén)說(shuō)話(huà)才能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。 If city noises are not kept from increasing,people will have to shout to be heard even at the same dinner table in 20 years. 8.這工作一定是他昨天做的。 This work must have been done by him yesterday. 9.要湊齊這套郵票,我還需要一張。 I need one more stamp before my collection of this kind is pleted . 10.這種材料摸起來(lái)很柔軟。 This material feels very soft.,,,,,,
（浙江專(zhuān)用）2020版高考英語(yǔ)大一輪新優(yōu)化復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題突破 專(zhuān)題6 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)課件.ppt
