2014屆高三英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義 教師用書 Book 4 Unit 2 Working the land 新人教版

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1、 2014屆高三英語人教版大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義教師用書 Book 4 Unit 2 Working the land Ⅰ.聯(lián)想記憶(根據(jù)提示寫出相應(yīng)的詞匯及相關(guān)短語) 1．sunburnt adj.曬黑的→get_sunburnt 被曬黑；被曬傷 2．struggle vi. & n．斗爭；努力→struggle for_sth.為……而斗爭/奮斗→struggle to_do_sth.努力做(困難的)事 3．be satisfied_with 對……感到滿意→be content with/be pleased with 對……感到滿意 4．regret vt. & n．遺憾；后悔

2、→regret doing_sth.后悔做過某事→regret to_do_sth.遺憾地做某事 5．build_up逐漸增強(qiáng)→build oneself up 強(qiáng)身健體 6．lead_to導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)→contribute to 導(dǎo)致 7．keep...free_from/of 使……免受(影響、傷害等)；使……不含(有害物)→be free from/of免受…… Ⅱ.構(gòu)詞記憶(根據(jù)提示寫出相應(yīng)的詞匯及其派生詞) 1．hunger n．饑餓；欲望；vt. & vi.(使)挨餓→hungry adj.饑餓的；渴望的 2．disturb vt.打亂；使不安→disturbin

3、g adj.引起煩惱的 3．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由；自主 4．equip vt. & vi.配備；裝備→equipment n．設(shè)備 5．occupy vt.占據(jù)→occupation n．工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng) 6．chemistry n．化學(xué)→chemical adj.化學(xué)的 7．nutrition n．營養(yǎng)→nutritious adj.有營養(yǎng)的 8．discover vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)→discovery n．發(fā)現(xiàn) 9．reduce vt.減少→reduction n．減少 Ⅲ.語境填詞(根據(jù)提示用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空) 1．Thanks to his

4、struggle(努力) of decades(數(shù)十年), the increased output(產(chǎn)量) of the crops rid the world of(擺脫) hunger. 2．Seeing more goods exported(出口) and the foreign market expanding(擴(kuò)大), he was satisfied(滿意的)． 3．Organic(有機(jī)的) farming focuses_on(集中注意力于) the health of the food，reducing(減少) the pollution of the soil(土壤)

5、 and keeping products free_from_chemicals and pests(使……免受化學(xué)藥品和害蟲的傷害)． 4．His hard work led_to(導(dǎo)致) the discovery(發(fā)現(xiàn)) of underground minerals(礦物)． 5．I regret_commenting(后悔評價) on his work and I would_rather(寧愿) I hadn’t done that. Ⅳ.語境記憶(背誦語段，記憶單元詞匯) People struggled against hunger for several decad

6、es，but to their regret，they still couldn’t increase the output of grain production.Therefore hunger was a disturbing problem then. Ⅴ.課文原句背誦 1．If_so,_what did you do to grow them? 如果這樣，你做什么來種植它們？ 2．Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，making_it_ready_for_crops

7、such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. 像豌豆和大豆這樣的農(nóng)作物將重要的礦物質(zhì)帶回土壤，從而使之適宜于種植要求土壤肥沃的農(nóng)作物比如玉米和小麥。 3．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。 Ⅰ.單項填空 1．I remembered________the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights. (2012·安徽，24) A．loc

8、king B．to lock C．having locked D．to have locked 答案　B 解析　句意為：離開辦公室前我記著鎖門了，卻忘了關(guān)燈。remember/forget to do sth.記得/忘記去做某事；remember/forget doing sth.記得/忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事。 (考查單元語法) 2．Lydia doesn’t feel like ________ abroad.Her parents are old. (2011·四川，2) A．study B．studying C．

9、studied D．to study 答案　B 解析　句意為：莉迪亞不想到國外學(xué)習(xí)，她父母年齡大了。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。 (考查單元語法) 3．More highways have been built in China，________it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. (2011·陜西，20) A．making B．made C．to

10、make D．having made 答案　A 解析　句意為：在中國修建了更多的高速公路，這就使人們更容易從一個地方到另一個地方去。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，表意料之中的結(jié)果。動詞不定式常表意料之外的結(jié)果。 (考查單元語法) 4．The house was too expensive and too big.________，I’d grown fond of our little rented house. (2011·江西，27) A．Besides B．Therefore C．Somehow D．Otherwise

11、答案　A 解析　句意為：那所房子太貴且太大。此外，我已經(jīng)喜歡上我們租住的那間小房子了。besides還有，此外；therefore因此；somehow不知怎么地；otherwise否則，不然。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選A項。 (教材原句：He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.) 5．________regular exercise is very important，it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to b

12、edtime. (2011·天津，5) A．If B．As C．Although D．Unless 答案　C 解析　句意為：雖然有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但在臨睡覺前鍛煉卻從來不是個好主意。if可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“如果”；as可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時”，若引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，句子需用倒裝；分析前后句可知，前句為后句的讓步狀語，故選C項，although表示“雖然”，可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；unless表示“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。

13、Ⅱ.完形、閱讀——英譯漢 1．Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed. (2012·江蘇·閱讀B) Merrigan_擔(dān)心2012年的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字出來后，平均年齡會更高。 2．There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle

14、for survival. (2012·北京·閱讀D) 地球上人越來越多，他們有理由有權(quán)利想過更好的生活，而不是僅僅掙扎著活下去。 3．Even after two decades we still recognized each other. (2012·福建·完形) 即使已過了20年，我們?nèi)哉J(rèn)出了對方。 4．But can GM(轉(zhuǎn)基因) technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would, is it the best solution？

15、 (2011·陜西·閱讀D) 但是轉(zhuǎn)基因科技真的能解決世界的饑餓問題嗎？即使它能解決饑餓問題，它是最好的方式嗎？ Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)——漢譯英 1．多虧你的鼓勵，我在數(shù)學(xué)上不斷進(jìn)步，最后我下決心上大學(xué)就學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)。(thanks to) (2012·廣東·讀寫任務(wù)) Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in the

16、university. 2．因而，我堅信我們的未來掌握在我們自己手中。(therefore) (2012·浙江·書面表達(dá)) Therefore, I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands. 歷年高考熱點(diǎn)：therefore，although，statistic， struggle，decade，hunger，thanks to等的用法。 2014考點(diǎn)預(yù)測：struggle，comment，regret，focus，rid，would rather，build up，lead to，keep...free

17、 from/of等的用法。 1 雙語釋義 vi. & n．奮斗，努力；拼搏(try very hard to do sth.) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空 ①He struggled to his feet. ②He struggled for his freedom. ③A strong man will struggle with/against the storm of fate. ④Life became a struggle for survival. (2)The working people have stopped their struggl

18、e ________ unfair treatment. A．a(chǎn)gainst B．for C．on D．to 答案　A 歸納拓展 struggle to one’s feet掙扎著站起來 struggle for為……而奮斗, struggle against/with與……搏斗 struggle along/on勉強(qiáng)生存下去 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 2 雙語釋義 n．議論，評論(argument)；解釋(explanation)；批評，指責(zé)(criticism)；v.表達(dá)意見；發(fā)表評論(exp

19、ress an opinion) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)完成句子 ①He made helpful comments_on/about our work. 他對我們的工作提出了有益的意見。 ②She didn’t comment_on/upon what I said. 她對我的話未作評論。 ③Many people commented_that it was an excellent film. 許多人評論這部電影很精彩。 (2)I’d like to________on what they did about the arrangement. A．comment

20、 B．say C．tell D．speak 答案　A 解析　句意為：我想就他們對這項安排的所作所為作一下評論。comment on對……發(fā)表評論。 歸納拓展 make a comment/comments on/about對……發(fā)表評論 no comment無可奉告 對……發(fā)表評論 3 雙語釋義 vt.懊悔；后悔；遺憾(feel sorry about)；n.痛惜；懊悔；遺憾 學(xué)情診斷 (1)用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①I regret having_broken (break)your glass；I will buy a new one for

21、you. ②I regret to_tell (tell) you that you can’t pass the examination. ③I regret disturbing (disturb) you so long. (2)They failed to pass the exam last time.I regretted ________ them. A．to be not able to help B．being not able to help C．not being able to help D．not be able to help 答案　C 歸納拓展

22、 regret doing/having done后悔做了某事 regret to do sth.遺憾將要做某事 regret to say/tell/inform...遺憾地說/告訴/通知…… to one’s regret令某人感到遺憾的是 with regret遺憾地 易錯提示 既可以跟不定式又可以跟動名詞的詞(短語)還有：remember，forget，try，mean，go on等。 4．focus 雙語釋義 v．集中(concentrate)；聚焦；n.中心點(diǎn)；焦點(diǎn) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)用focus短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①The children’s faces

23、are badly out_of_focus in the photograph. ②When a photograph isn’t in_focus，it isn’t clear. ③The discussion focused_on three main problems. ④Because of her strange clothes，she immediately became the_focus_of_attention when she entered the hall. (2)Now one of the most serious problems many people

24、 are worried about________on the lack of adequate housing space. A．insists B．depends C．a(chǎn)grees D．focuses 答案　D 解析　句意為：現(xiàn)在許多人所擔(dān)心的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一集中在缺乏足夠的居住空間上。insist on堅持；depend on依靠；agree on達(dá)成共識；focus on集中于。由句意可知，選D項。 歸納拓展 focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于 focus one’s attention/efforts/min

25、d on把注意力/努力/ 心思集中在……上 in focus 焦距正確；圖像清晰 out of focus焦距不正確；圖像不清晰 bring/throw sth.into focus使某事物成為焦點(diǎn)(受到關(guān)注) the focus of attention注意力的焦點(diǎn) 5 雙語釋義v.擺脫(be free of sb./sth.)，去除(remove)；丟棄 學(xué)情診斷 (1)完成句子 ①He has gone, and I’m glad to be_rid_of him. 他走了，而我很高興擺脫了他。 ②He believed that his manager wan

26、ted_to_get_rid_of_him for personal reasons. 他認(rèn)為經(jīng)理是出于個人原因想開除他。 ③You must rid_yourself_of_these_old-fashioned_ideas. 你必須擺脫這些陳腐觀念的束縛。 (2)How to ________ these things ________ a big problem. A．be rid of；is B．get rid of；is C．be rid of；are D．get rid of；are 答案　B 歸納拓展 be rid of除掉，擺脫掉(

27、麻煩的東西) get rid of處理掉；除去，擺脫 rid...of使擺脫；使解除；使去掉 rid of的賓語放在兩個詞之間 be(get) rid of的賓語跟在后面。 6 雙語釋義 寧愿；寧可(would prefer to) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)一句多譯 我寧愿步行也不坐出租車去那兒。 ①I_would_rather_walk_there_than_take_a_taxi. ②I_would_walk_there_rather_than_take_a_taxi. ③I_prefer_to_walk_there_rather_than_take_a_taxi. (

28、2)To enjoy the scenery，Irene would rather spend long hours on the train ________ travel by air. A．a(chǎn)s B．to C．than D．while 答案　C 解析　would rather...than表示兩者選一，意思是“寧愿……而不……”。 歸納拓展 (1)would rather的否定形式為would rather not。 (2)would do A rather than do B/would rather do A than do B/pr

29、efer to do A rather than do B，表示“寧愿做A也不愿做B”。 (3)would rather后接動詞原形或that從句。接從句時要用虛擬語 氣，即用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾吹那闆r，用過去完成 時表示與過去相反的情況。 7 雙語釋義 逐漸增強(qiáng)(make...stronger)；建立(create；set up)；開發(fā)；增進(jìn)(develop) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空 ①He has built up a good business over the years. ②It is a cottage built entirely of

30、 bamboo. ③The pipes were built into concrete. ④Now we must build on our success in Italy. ⑤Try and build up his confidence a bit. (2)Taking exercise helps us ________ our body and keep a clear mind. A．put up B．build up C．set up D．make up 答案　B 解析　句意為：鍛煉身體幫助我們增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，保持頭腦清醒。build

31、up逐漸增加；增強(qiáng)，符合句意。 歸納拓展 be built of用……建成 build...into把……嵌(建、裝)入 build on在……基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展；增(擴(kuò))建 8 雙語釋義 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)(result in)；通往(go in a particular direction) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)同義詞語替換 It is said that a cigarette end led_to the forest fire.caused/resulted_in (2)I’m so glad you’ve come here to ________ this matter

32、in person.. (2012·湖北，24) A．lead to B．see to C．turn to D．refer to 答案　B 解析　句意為：我很高興你能親自到這里來處理這件事。B項意為“處理”，符合句意。A項意為“導(dǎo)致”；C項意為“向……求助”；D項意為“參考”，都與句意不符。 歸納拓展 lead sb. to do sth.致使某人做某事 lead sb. to...帶(領(lǐng))某人到(某處)；使某人得出(結(jié)論) lead the way帶路，引路 in the lead處于領(lǐng)先地位 take the lead帶頭，

33、領(lǐng)先 易錯提示 lead to中to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式。 寫作句組　滿分作文之佳句背誦 a．However，they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams. (2011·江西) b．It’s love and concern that have brought about the great changes. (2011·福建) c．Around 540 million people are affected by second-h

34、and smoke，which causes 100,000 deaths per year. (2010·廣東) d．Using the mouse for a long time may lead to painful wrists and fingers. (2009·江蘇) 9 學(xué)情診斷 完成句子 (1)It was several weeks before he was_completely_free_from/of_pain (完全不

35、疼了)． (2)Her illness has_kept_her_away_from_work (使她上不了班) for several weeks. (3)The Chinese Central Government keeps_the_farmers_free_of_farming_tax(免除了農(nóng)民的農(nóng)業(yè)稅)． 歸納拓展 be free from/of不受……影響的；不含(有害物)的 keep (sb.) away from/keep (sb.) off(使)遠(yuǎn)離；使不接近 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep (oneself)

36、 from doing sth.忍住(克制住自己)不做某事 1 如果明天突然沒有米吃了，你認(rèn)為將會發(fā)生什么？ 學(xué)情診斷 (1)翻譯句子 ①為什么你認(rèn)為他是成功的？ Why_do_you_think_he_is_successful? ②你認(rèn)為他們何時會給出答復(fù)？ When_do_you_think_they_will_give_an_answer? ③你建議他們應(yīng)該怎樣解決這個問題？ How_do_you_suggest_they_solve_the_problem? (2)When ________ declare our marriage to our f

37、riends? A．do you think we should B．do you think should we C．you think we should D．you think should we 答案　A 解析　插入語do you think 要放在特殊疑問詞when之后，do you think之后要用陳述語序。 歸納拓展 (1)do you think/believe/suppose/imagine/suggest/expect 等可用作插入 語，要放在特殊疑問詞之后。其后用陳述語序，其后不加that。 (2)do you suggest 之后要用sho

38、uld＋動詞原形，should可以省略。 2 學(xué)情診斷 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)Learning (learn) new words is very important for me. (2)Being (be) a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me. (3)We must try to avoid repeating (repeat) the same mistake. (4)We’ve got to think of ways of changing (change) people’s

39、 habits. (5)Being_exposed (expose) to the sun will make you burnt. Ⅰ.語境填詞 1．He has been struggling for success in business. 2．At that time，many people went hungry in many parts of the countryside. 3．The confusing speech that he made at the meeting left us all confused. 4．Much to my regret，

40、I can’t attend the party. 5．I no longer have the support in the committee.I have therefore decided to resign. 6．90% of the products are exported to Europe. 7．Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. 8．The news of her death circulated quickly

41、. 9．They’ve reduced the prices in the shop，so it’s good time to buy. 10．The spokesman refused to comment on the matter. Ⅱ.詞義猜測或句意理解題——用本單元詞匯或句式替換劃線部分 1．I’ve been working here for 30_years.3_decades 2．At that time, hunger was a troublesome problem in the countryside.disturbing 3．We do not own t

42、he building.Thus，it would be impossible for us to make any major changes to it.Therefore 4．Because_of his help, we successfully got what we needed.Thanks_to 5．The chemicals in the food supply stay_and_become_more in your body over time.build_up Ⅲ.微寫作(17) 寫作素材 1．饑餓曾是個困擾人的問題。 2．在過去的十年里，農(nóng)民們成功地抵制了

43、土地的沙漠化。 3．有了新的農(nóng)耕技術(shù)，谷物和其他糧食的產(chǎn)量都增加了。 提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。 連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文) Hunger used to be disturbing in this area.In the past decade, farmers succeeded in the struggle against the expanding desert.Equipped with new farming methods, their output of grain and other crops has increased. Ⅳ.微語

44、法(17)——非謂語動詞作主語 (課外拓展——一個單元突破一個語法點(diǎn)) 1．No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when it’s better________silent. (2012·浙江，3) A．remain B．be remaining C．having remained D．to remain 答案　D 解析　句意為：不論一個健談?wù)叨嗝绰斆?，有些時候最好還是保持沉默。復(fù)合句中when引導(dǎo)的從句的主語為形式主語it，此時真正的主語可以為主語從句或不定式。 2．____

45、____ a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful. (2012·上海春招) A．Kicking B．Kicked C．Having kicked D．Kick 答案　A 解析　考查動名詞作主語。句意為：在濕滑的地面上踢足球如果你不小心可能會傷你的腳。 3．It’s important for the figures________regularly. (2011·北京，25) A．to be updated

46、 B．to have been updated C．to update D．to have updated 答案　A 解析　句意為：對數(shù)字進(jìn)行定期地更新非常重要。分析題干可知update與the figures之間為被動關(guān)系，故排除C、D兩項；又因?yàn)檫@里談及的是日常規(guī)律性的事情，因此應(yīng)該用一般式，故排除B項。 4．________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A．The president will attend B．The president to attend

47、C．The president attended D．The president’s attending 答案　D 解析　v．-ing形式作主語。 5．________ twice a year，whether it is a car or a bus or a truck，is the rule that every driver must obey in this city. A．Examining B．Examined C．Being examined D．Having been examined 答案　C 解析　句中缺少的是主語，過去分詞不作主語，故排除B項；從整個句子意思來看examine需要用被動式且用其一般式即可。 13