2019小升初英語總復習 第三章 句型 第四節(jié) 祈使句課件.ppt
第三章 句 型,第四節(jié) 祈使句,知識梳理,一、祈使句的概念 祈使句是用于表達命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句因對象(主語)是第二人稱,通常省略主語。祈使句的時態(tài)都為一般現(xiàn)在時,句末可以用感嘆號來表達比較強烈的語氣,也可以用句點結尾。 如:命令:Go and wash your hands! 請求:Be quiet, please. / Please be quiet. 勸告:Be kind to your friends. 警告:Watch your steps. 禁止:Keep off the grass!,二、祈使句的結構 1. 動詞原形+其他成分。如:Sit down, please. 【注】有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,可省略動詞。如: Go this way, please. =This way, please. 2. Be+名詞短語或形容詞+其他成分。 如:Be careful! Be a good boy! 3. Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他成分。 如: Let me help you. Lets clean our classroom. 【注】有時為了加強語氣,可在動詞之前加do。 如:Do be careful! Do let Mary water the flowers.,三、祈使句的否定形式 1 以動詞原形和be 動詞開頭的祈使句,都是在句首加dont。 如: Dont forget me! Dont be late for school! 2 let開頭的祈使句的否定形式有兩種: (1)Dont+let+賓語+動詞原形+其他成分。 (2)Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其他成分。 如: Dont let him go. =Let him not go. 3. No開頭的祈使句表示禁止。如: No smoking!,四、祈使句的反義疑問句形式 1 一般情況下,簡略問句用will you或 wont you。 如:Have a rest, will you? Stand up, will(wont) you? 2. lets開頭的祈使句,表示說話人向對方提出建議時,簡略問句用shall we。 如:Lets have a cup of tea, shall we? 3. let me或 let us表示向聽話人提出請求,簡略問句用will you。 如:Let me have a rest, will you? Let us know your name, will you?,考點精析,考點 考查祈使句的運用 【例1】給下列標志選擇適當?shù)臉酥菊Z。(填字母編號) 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 解析:本題考查根據(jù)圖片選擇適當?shù)钠硎咕?。祈使句最常見的用法就是用在警示牌上。本題三個選項代表三種祈使句形式。 答案:1. C 2. B 3. A,【例2】根據(jù)所提供的場景寫出正確的祈使句。 1. 有幾個孩子在馬路上踢足球,你會對他們說: _ 2. 有小朋友在無人監(jiān)管的河里游泳,你會對他們說: _ 解析:本題考查祈使句的日常用法。注意口語表達的時候,禁止類祈使句多用Dont 形式。 答案: 1. Dont play football on the road. 2. Dont swim in the river.,舉一反三 1. 判斷下列句子是否是祈使句, 是的打“ ”,不是的打“”。 (1) Look out!( ) (2) How nice!( ) (3) Lets go hiking.( ) (4) What a lovely girl!( ) (5) Wash your hands before meals.( ),2. 將下列句子改為祈使句。 (1) You must not look out of the window. _ the window. (2) You may let the children play the piano. _ play the piano. (3) You shouldnt drive too fast. _ too fast.,Dont drive,Dont look out of,Let the children,3. 根據(jù)所提供的場景寫出正確的祈使句。 (1) 邀請朋友做客,你想請他吃蘋果,你會說: _ (2) 你想邀請朋友一起下棋,你會說: _ (3) 你讓一個想要進入草坪的小朋友別踐踏草坪,你會說: _,Keep off the grass.,Have an apple, please!,Lets play chess together.,過關檢測,一、看圖,根據(jù)圖片選出相應的祈使句。(填字母編號) 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _,C,A,E,B,D,二、將下列句子改為祈使句。 1. You mustnt play on the road. _ 2. You cant eat in the computer room. _ 3. You must stop at a red light. _ 4. You mustnt be late for school. _ 5. Everyone mustnt smoke here. _,Dont play on the road!,Dont eat in the computer room!,Stop (Do stop) at a red light!,Dont be late for school!,Dont smoke here. /No smoking here!,三、單項填空。 ( )1. If you are tired, _a rest. A. have B. having C. to have ( )2. He is not honest(誠實). _ believe him. A. Not B. Dont C. Do ( )3. _ in the street. Its dangerous. A. Not play B. Not to play C. Dont play ( )4. Please_ me some money, will you? A. lend B. lending C. be lend ( )5. _ the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep,A,B,C,A,A,四、根據(jù)漢語意思翻譯下列句子。 1.請打開門。 _ 2.不要跑那么快! _ 3.下次別遲到! _ 4.不要坐在書包上。 _ 5.請看黑板。 _,Please open the door.,Dont run so fast!,Dont be late next time!,Dont sit on the schoolbag.,Please look at the blackboard.,