2014屆高三英語大一輪復習講義 教師用書 Book 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom 新人教版

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1、 2014屆高三英語人教版大一輪復習講義教師用書 Book 5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Ⅰ.聯(lián)想記憶(根據(jù)提示寫出相應的詞匯以及相關短語) 1．consist of 由……組成→be made_up_of 由……組成 2．divide...into把……分成→separate...from...把……與……分開 3．credit n．信任；贊揚→to_one’s_credit值得贊揚 4．countryside n．鄉(xiāng)下；農(nóng)村 5．leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮→cross out 劃掉 6．take_the_place_of_代替→ta

2、ke place 發(fā)生→replace vt.替代 7．a(chǎn)rrange v．安排→arrange_for sb.to_do sth.安排某人做某事 Ⅱ.構(gòu)詞記憶(根據(jù)提示寫出相應的詞匯及其派生詞) 1．unwilling adj.不樂意(的)→willing adj.樂意的→willingness n．樂意 2．collection n．收藏品→collect vt.收藏 3．description n．描寫→describe vt.描寫；描述→descriptive adj.描述性的 4．a(chǎn)rrange v．安排→arrangement n．安排 5．fold vt.折疊→un

3、fold vt.打開 Ⅲ.語境填詞(根據(jù)提示用適當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空) 1．I divide the whole class into(把……分成) 6 groups, each consisting_of(由……組成) 7 members.I hope the members of each group will unite(團結(jié)) to accomplish(完成) tasks. 2．After many conflicts(沖突), he broke_away_from(脫離) his family in the countryside(農(nóng)村) and went out for a

4、living. 3．I arranged_for(安排) a car to pick you up but it broke_down(出故障) halfway and I had to find another to take_its_place(代替)． 4．City life attracts(吸引) many people for its convenience(便利) and high possibility(可能性) of job opportunities(機會)． 5．To_his_credit(值得贊揚的是), he clarified(澄清) the truth by

5、 saying he left_out(遺漏) a letter in the word and then caused trouble. Ⅳ.語境記憶(背誦語段，記憶單元詞匯) The sightseeing is delightful，enjoyable，and even thrilling.The attraction of the splendid statues there is beyond description. Ⅴ.課文原句背誦 1．Now when people refer to England you find_Wales_included as well. 現(xiàn)

6、在，當人們提到英格蘭，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們也把威爾士包括了進去。 2．Worried_about_the_time_available,_Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. 因擔心時間不夠用，張萍玉早就列出了自己想在倫敦看的地方。 3．What_interested_her_most was the longitude line. 她最感興趣的是那條(通過天文臺的)經(jīng)線。 Ⅰ.單項填空 1．Before driving into the city，you are require

7、d to get your car ________. (2012·四川，12) A．washed B．wash C．washing D．to wash 答案　A 解析　考查過去分詞作賓語補足語。此題中使役動詞get后接的賓語car與作賓語補足語的動詞wash之間為被動關系，構(gòu)成短語：get sth. done。故選A。句意為：在驅(qū)車進城之前，你必須將你的車洗了。 (考查單元語法) 2．The secretary arranged a(n)________time and space for the applicants to have an

8、 interview. (2012·天津，10) A．important B．spare C．public D．convenient 答案　D 解析　important重要的；spare閑暇的；public公眾的；convenient方便的。根據(jù)句意“這位秘書為參加面試的所有應聘者安排好了方便的時間和地點”，同時聯(lián)系生活實際可推知，秘書的工作職責之一應該是做一些能夠提供便利的事情，故答案為D項。 (教材原句：England is the largest of the four countries，and for convenience it is di

9、vided roughly into three zones.) 3．Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ for words. (2011·浙江，14) A．lose B．lost C．to lose D．having lost 答案　B 解析　句意為：即使是最好的作家有時候也會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己找不到合適的話表達自己。find是表示心理變化的動詞，其后的themselves是賓語，空格處應作為賓語補足語使用，所以要使用lost，表示“迷惘的，不知所措的”，lost是形容

10、詞。 (考查單元語法) 4．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams. (2011·重慶，33) A．reminding B．to remind C．reminded D．remind 答案　C 解析　句意為：邁克爾在床邊掛了姚明的一張照片來提醒他自己他的夢想。本題考查“keep＋賓語＋v.-

11、ing”和“keep＋賓語＋v.-ed”用法辨析，選擇用v.-ing還是v.-ed，要根據(jù)“賓語”與動詞之間的關系而定，如果它們之間為主動關系，則用v.-ing，如果為被動關系，則用v.-ed。himself與remind之間存在被動關系，故選C。 (考查單元語法) 5．He telephoned the travel agency to________three air tickets to London. (2010·天津，1) A．order B．a(chǎn)rrange C．take D．book 答案　D 解析　句意為：他給旅行社打電話預訂三張去倫

12、敦的機票。order訂購，命令；arrange安排，整理；take買，選擇，從事；book預訂。因為是打電話，所以只能是“預訂”，而非“訂購”。 (教材原句：They had no time to arrange their own wedding...) Ⅱ.完形、閱讀——英譯漢 1．Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee. (2011·天津·閱讀A) 正餐一般包括肉和蔬菜或魚和蔬菜，然后是甜點、水果和咖啡。 2．A recent st

13、udy of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species. (2011·湖南·閱讀C) 最近對古代和現(xiàn)代大象的研究得出一個意想不到的結(jié)論，非洲象被分為兩個不同的物種。 3．I got a taste of that dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot

14、 air balloon for my birthday. (2011·北京·閱讀A) 2001年我親自體驗了一下這個夢。我丈夫為給我慶祝生日安排我坐了一次熱氣球。 Ⅲ.書面表達——漢譯英 1． 車輛已經(jīng)成為很受歡迎的交通方式，給我們的生活帶來很大的便利。(convenience) (2011·江西·寫作) Cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience to our life. 2． 讓粉絲們高興的是

15、這個年輕的選手在乒乓球錦標賽中表現(xiàn)得非常好。(delighted) (2011·湖北·完成句子) What delighted the fans was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. 歷年高考熱點：convenient，arrange， consist of，divide into，delight等的用法。 2014考點預測：consist，attract，delight，arrange， divide...into，break down，leave ou

16、t，take the place of等的用法。 1 雙語釋義 vi.組成(form)；在于(lie)；一致 學情診斷 (1)同義詞語替換 The medical team consists_of five doctors and ten nurses.is_made_up_of (2)用適當?shù)慕?、副詞填空 ①The beauty of Venice consists largely in the style of its ancient buildings. ②This kind of sauce consists of beef，onion，tomatoes，gar

17、lic and seasonings. ③What has happened does not consist with the explanation they have given. (3)The world________ seven continents and four oceans. A．makes up of B．makes out of C．is consisted of D．consists of 答案　D 解析　句意為：世界由七大洲和四大洋組成。consist of由……組成，不能用于被動語態(tài)；A項應為be made up of結(jié)構(gòu)；B

18、項不對。故選D項。 歸納拓展 consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of由……組成 consist in...存在于……；在于…… consist with...與……一致；與……相符 易錯提示 consist of通常不用于進行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 2 雙語釋義 vt.吸引；使喜愛(absorb)；引起注意(draw sb.’s attention)；招引；引起(反應)(react) 學情診斷 (1)用attract的適當形式填空 ①What attracted me most to the job was the chance to t

19、ravel. ②The television has little attraction for me. ③This is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to. (2)Thousands of foreigners were________to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. A．a(chǎn)ttended B．a(chǎn)ttained C．a(chǎn)ttracted D．a(chǎn)ttached 答案　C 解析　句意為：上海世博會開幕當天就吸引了成千上萬的外國游客。atte

20、nd參加，出席，不用被動語態(tài)，故可排除；attain達到，獲得；attract吸引；attach系上，附加，附屬于。根據(jù)句意可知答案為C項。 歸納拓展 attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意 attract sb. to...把某人吸引到…… attraction n．[U]吸引，吸引力，誘惑力；[C]有吸引力的地方；有吸引力的事物 have an/no/a little/much attraction for sb.對某人具有/沒有/有一點/很有吸引力 attractive adj.有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起興趣的 思考　你知道表示“引起某人注意”的其他

21、短語嗎？ absorb_one’s_attention，draw_one’s_attention，catch_one’s_attention等。 3 雙語釋義 n．高興；愉快；快樂；令人高興的事，樂事；樂趣(joy)；v.使高興；使欣喜(please) 學情診斷 (1)用delight的適當形式填空 ①The teacher seemed to be very delighted with the results. ②To our great delight，the day turned out fine. ③The musician delighted the audienc

22、e with his performance. ④I think this is a delightful book to children. (2)________of his parents，he made great progress. A．To their much delight B．To the much delight C．To much their delight D．Much to the delight 答案　D 解析　句意為：令他父母非常高興的是，他取得了很大進步。much to the delight of his parents令他父母非常高興的是。注

23、意much的位置，much在此處表示程度。 歸納拓展 with/in delight高興地 to one’s delight＝to the delight of sb.令某人高興的是, ake/feel delight in以……為樂,delighted adj.高興的；欣喜的 be delighted to do sth.高興做某事 be delighted at/with/by...對……感到高興/滿意 delightful adj.令人愉快的；宜人的 4 雙語釋義 v．安排；籌備(plan or organize)；整理；排列；布置(put...in order) 學

24、情診斷 (1)用所給動詞的適當形式填空 ①I’ve arranged with the neighbours about feeding (feed) the cat while we are away. ②I will make arrangements(arrange) for you to be met at the airport. ③Have you arranged to_meet (meet) him this weekend? ④The manager arranged for someone to_drive(drive) him home. (2)—I hear

25、 that you will be on business again. —Yeah. My boss________for me to discuss business details with someone from another company. A．a(chǎn)sked B．a(chǎn)rranged C．held D．called 答案　B 解析　句意為：——我聽說你又要出差了?！堑?。我的老板安排我和另一家公司的人商談生意的細節(jié)。arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事。 歸納拓展 arrange sth

26、.for sb.為某人安排好某事 arrange (for sb.) to do sth.安排(某人)做某事 arrange (for) sth.安排某事 arrangement n.安排；布置；籌備 make arrangements for 為……做好準備 易錯提示 arrange不能用于arrange sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，應該用arrange for sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。 5 學情診斷 用適當?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空 (1)Take the orange and divide it into quarters. (2)He divides his

27、time between his house in Ohio and New York. (3)The money is to be divided up equally among the six grandchildren. (4)If you divide 21 by 3，you’ll get 7. (5)A high wall separates our backyard from the playing field. 歸納拓展 separate (...) from(把……)和……隔開/分開/分離 divide...(up/out) between/among...在……

28、之間分配/分享 divide...by...用……除…… 易混辨析　divide，separate divide和separate這兩個詞都有“分開”的意思，但含義和用法不太相同。 divide指的是把人或物分成若干等份，常與介詞into連用。 separate指的是將一個整體的物品分開或?qū)蓚€靠近的物品分開，使其不在一起，常與介詞from連用。 一言辨異 用divide，separate的適當形式填空 The old man (1)separated the bad apples from the good ones which (2)were_divided into fo

29、ur parts. 6 雙語釋義 (機器)出故障(stop working)；(談判等)失敗(fail)；分解；(身體等)垮掉(become bad)；情不自禁地哭起來(to be unable to stop yourself crying) 學情診斷 寫出下列句子中break down的漢語意思 (1)The elevator in this building is always breaking down.出故障 (2)Neither side wanted to give in，so the peace talk broke down.失敗 (3)If you go on

30、 working like this，you will break down sooner or later.(身體)垮掉 (4)Some chemicals are hard to break down.分解 歸納拓展 break away (from)脫離；掙脫(束縛) break up打碎；解散；結(jié)束；開始放假；制止 break out(戰(zhàn)爭等)爆發(fā),break through突破，取得突破 break in打斷；闖入 break into闖入；突然開始(大笑等) 圖解助記 7 雙語釋義 省去(omit)；遺漏；不考慮；不包括(not include or men

31、tion) 學情診斷 (1)用適當?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空 ①Leaving the expense aside，do you actually need a second car? ②Let’s start again from where we left off. ③I think I left my credit card behind at the restaurant. ④He hadn’t been asked to the party and was feeling very left out. (2)The teacher stressed again that stude

32、nts should not________any important details while retelling the story. A．bring out B．let out C．leave out D．make out 答案　C 解析　句意為：老師進一步強調(diào)讓學生們在復述故事時不要漏掉任何重要的細節(jié)。bring out闡述，使明白；let out發(fā)出，泄露(秘密等)；leave out遺漏；make out理解，辨認出。 歸納拓展 leave aside不予考慮；擱置一邊 leave behind遺忘；將……拋在后面 le

33、ave off停止；中斷 be/feel left out被冷落；覺得被忽視(冷落) be left over剩下；殘留 8 學情診斷 (1)完成句子 ①Computers have taken_the_place_of typewriters in most offices. 在大多數(shù)辦公室，電腦已經(jīng)取代了打字機。 ②Take_your_places for dinner.請各位入席。 ③Mr.Gao is ill，so I’ll give you the lesson in_place_of him.高老師病了，因此我替他給你們上課。 ④It was out_of_pl

34、ace for you to laugh at that time. 你在那個時候笑出聲來是不應該的。 (2)The chairman is ill in hospital now，so we have no idea who will ________ in the coming conference. A．take his place B．take place C．take place of him D．take the place of 答案　A 解析　take sb.’s place和take the place of sb.都意為“代替某人”；

35、take place發(fā)生。由句意可知此處意為“代替他”，故選A。 歸納拓展 take the place of sb./sth.＝take sb.’s/sth.’s place代替某人/物 take one’s place(s)就位 take place發(fā)生；舉行 in place of sb./sth.＝in sb.’s/sth.’s place代替 in place在適當?shù)奈恢?；準備妥? out of place不合適 1 這些在十九世紀建立的工業(yè)城市并不吸引游客，這是一個遺憾。 學情診斷 (1)完成句子 It’ s no good arguing_wi

36、th_him. 和他爭辯沒有好處。 (2)單項填空 ①It’s not easy________us________a foreign language. A．for；learning B．of；learning C．of；to learn D．for；to learn 答案　D 解析　it 是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。不定式的邏輯主語用for引出。 ②Children find________interesting to play computer games. A．that B．which C．it

37、D．this 答案　C 解析　it是形式賓語，后面的不定式是真正的賓語。 歸納拓展 (1)it可以作形式主語，真正的主語是后邊的不定式、動名詞或句子。 (2)it 也可以作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后邊的不定式、動名詞或句子。 (3)在It’ s no good/no use/a waste of time/a waste of money doing sth.結(jié) 構(gòu)中，真正的主語是后邊的動名詞。 2 接著(參觀的)是圣保羅大教堂，它是公元1666年倫敦大火之后修建的。 學情診斷 (1)完成句子 ①Here comes_a_bus. 一輛公共汽車來了。 ②There

38、 stands_a_tall_tree on the top of the hill. 在山頂上有一棵大樹。 (2)________with whom we are familiar. A．Here comes the professor B．Here the professor comes C．The professor comes here D．Comes here the professor 答案　A 歸納拓展 當there，here，out，in，up，down，away，now，then等表示地點、時間或方 向性的副詞位于句首，謂語動詞是follow，come，s

39、tand，live等，且主語是名 詞時，用完全倒裝。若主語是代詞，則不用倒裝句式。 3 學情診斷 用所給詞的適當形式填空 (1)What he had said made me surprised (surprise)． (2)My glasses are broken.I’ll have to get them repaired (repair)． (3)They kept the door locked (lock) for a long time. (4)We can hear the windows beaten (beat) by the heavy rain dro

40、ps. (5)I want the suit made (make) to my own measure. Ⅰ.語境填詞 1.The city’s bright lights，theatres and films are attractions that are hard to avoid. 2．If it is convenient to you，I will visit you next weekend. 3．One plus two is three. 4．They quarreled with each other but soon made up. 5．The de

41、scriptions in this book are beautiful. 6．The factory is well furnished with modern equipment. 7．The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport. 8．To the delight of the children，they found many toys at the party. 9．The two sisters are very much alike. 10．I hope (that) this can cl

42、arify my position. Ⅱ.詞義猜測或句意理解題——用本單元詞匯或句式替換劃線部分 1．The task was finished without causing any loss.accomplished 2．You’ll fall_ill if you go on working like this.break_down 3．The country is_made_up_of 3 parts.consists_of 4．The boy tried to escape from his father.break_away 5．I didn’t do it mysel

43、f.I asked_others_to_do_it.had_it_done Ⅲ.微寫作(22) 寫作素材 1．我們很幸運能有機會參觀博物館。 2．博物館共分為三部分，分別為建筑藝術、收藏畫和雕塑。 3．所有的三部分都會給大家?guī)頍o限樂趣。 4．我們將分為三組去參觀。 5．希望大家玩的好。 提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達。 連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文) We are so lucky to have the opportunity to visit the museum.The museum consists of three parts, one fo

44、r architecture, one for painting collections and the other for statues, all of which will bring you much delight.Now all of us will be divided into 3 groups to see them and I wish all of you an enjoyable time. Ⅳ.微語法(22)——一般過去時 (課外拓展——一個單元突破一個語法點) 1．—Have you heard about that fire in the market?

45、—Yes，fortunately no one ________. (2012·北京，29) A．hurt B．was hurt C．has hurt D．had been hurt 答案　B 解析　句意為：——你聽說過市場上的那場大火了嗎？——是的，幸運的是沒有人受傷。由“Have you heard...”可知火災已經(jīng)發(fā)生，是過去的事情，所以沒人受傷也是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時；句子的主語是人，所以應用被動語態(tài)。 2．Our friendship ________ quick

46、ly over the weeks that followed.(2012·北京，30) A．had developed B．was developing C．would develop D．developed 答案　D 解析　句意為：在接下來的幾周里我們的友誼發(fā)展得很快。由定語從句中的followed可知，主句應用一般過去時，所以排除A、B、C三項。 3．The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he________. (2012·江蘇，3

47、4) A．has started B．starts C．started D．will start 答案　C 解析　句意為：這位總統(tǒng)希望他離任時人民的生活比他剛上任時更富裕。根據(jù)句意，總統(tǒng)開始上任是過去發(fā)生的動作，所以用一般過去時。故選C項。 4．The letters for the boss________on his desk but he didn’t read them until three days later. (2012·天津，2) A．were put B．was put C．put

48、 D．has put 答案　A 解析　句意為：給老板的那些信被放在了桌子上，但直到三天后他才讀。根據(jù)but后的“didn’t read”可知老板讀信是發(fā)生在過去，所以信被放到桌子上應該發(fā)生在“讀信”之前，也是過去的動作，與現(xiàn)在無關，所以排除D項；the letters與put之間為被動關系，故排除C項；而且the letters作主語，是復數(shù)，可排除B項。所以答案為A項。 5．Shortly after we________，a waiter came over to our table with a smile. A．seated B．were seated C．sat ourselves D．took place 答案　B 解析　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。因為sit為不及物動詞，所以排除C項；D項應該是took our places。seat為及物動詞，意為“(使)……就座”，又因主句中的came一詞暗示從句時態(tài)為一般過去時。結(jié)合seat的用法可知此處選B。 14