2014屆高三英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義 教師用書 Book 6 Unit 4 Global warming 新人教版

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1、 2014屆高三英語人教版大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義教師用書 Book 6 Unit 4 Global warming Ⅰ.聯(lián)想記憶(根據(jù)提示寫出相應(yīng)的詞匯以及相關(guān)短語) 1．come_about發(fā)生→come out 出版→come up (問題)被提出→come_up_with 提出→come_across偶遇 2．quantities_of 大量的→a large quantity of 大量的 3．tend vi.趨向；易于→tend to_do傾向于/易于做 4．result_in 導(dǎo)致→lead to /give rise to /contribute_to導(dǎo)致→result

2、from因……發(fā)生 5．opposed adj.反對的→oppose/be opposed_to反對→object to反對 6．consequence n．后果→as a consequence/in consequence/consequently結(jié)果，因此 7．on the whole大體上，基本上→as a whole作為整體 8．a(chǎn)verage adj.平均的；n.平均數(shù)→on average平均 9．on behalf_of 代表……一方→represent vt.代表→stand for 代表；象征 10．put_up_with忍受；容忍→tolerate/bear/

3、stand忍受；容忍 11．so long as/as long as只要→as soon as 一……就…… 12．circumstance n．情況；環(huán)境→under/in_no_circumstances無論怎樣都不 13．contribution n．貢獻(xiàn)→make_contributions_to 為……做貢獻(xiàn) Ⅱ.構(gòu)詞記憶(根據(jù)提示寫出相應(yīng)的詞匯及其派生詞) 1．consume vt.消費→consumption n．消費→consumer n．消費者 2．tend vi.趨向→tendency n．趨向 3．steady adj.平穩(wěn)的；穩(wěn)固的→steadily a

4、dv.平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地 4．exist vi.生存；存在→existence n．生存；存在 5．commit v．做(錯事等)；犯(罪等)→commitment n．承諾；交托；信奉 6．grow v．生長；種植→growth n．增長；生長 7．present vt.顯示；贈送→presentation n．顯示；演出 8．disagree vi.不同意→disagreement n．分歧 Ⅲ.語境填詞(根據(jù)提示用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空) 1．How did it come_about(發(fā)生) that so many people subscribe_to(贊成) the id

5、ea while others are_opposed_to(反對) it? 2．Quantities_of(大量的) greenhouse(溫室) gases are poured into the air.As a result, the temperature tends(傾向于……) to go_up(上升)． 3．Even_if(即使) it is difficult for you, you can make steady(不斷的) progress as_long_as(只要) you keep_on(繼續(xù)) working hard. 4．On_the_whole(總體而

6、言), the catastrophe(災(zāi)難) has resulted_in(造成) over 50 deaths and there is a tendency(趨勢) that the number will go_up(增長)． 5．On_behalf_of(代表) our class, I want to tell you we can’t put_up_with(忍受) your casual(隨意的) manners to us. Ⅳ.語境記憶(背誦語段，記憶單元詞匯) Quantities of data and graphs indicate a steady wide

7、spread famine phenomenon as the consequence of the trend of advocating too much individual consumption. Ⅴ.課文原句背誦 1．It’s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if_not,_turn it off! 只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就關(guān)掉它！ 2．It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in th

8、e atmosphere causing_the_global temperature_to_go_up. 這就意味著更多的熱能會被困在大氣層里，從而導(dǎo)致地球溫度升高。 3．This makes_the_greenhouse_heat_up and so the plants can grow throughout the cold period. 這使得溫室變暖，因此植物能在寒冷的時期生長。 Ⅰ.單項填空 1．You can borrow my car________you promise not to drive too fast.(2012·江西，31) A．unl

9、ess B．even if C．in case D．a(chǎn)s long as 答案　D 解析　句意為：你可以借用我的車子只要你承諾不開太快。unless除非，如果不……；even if即使；in case萬一，以防；as long as只要。顯然D項符合句意。 (教材原句：It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！) 2．—Look at those clouds! —Don’t worry.________ it rains

10、，we’ll still have a great time. (2012·北京，21) A．Even if B．As though C．In case D．If only 答案　A 解析　even if即使，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；as though好像，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句；in case以防，萬一，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；if only要是……就好了，引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息“Don’t worry.”和“...we’ll still have a great time.”可知此處填Even if(即使)。句意為：——看那些烏云！—

11、—別擔(dān)心。即使下雨，我們?nèi)匀粫娴煤荛_心。 (教材原句：Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases...) 3．It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ________ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. (2012·重慶，32) A．when

12、B．that C．a(chǎn)fter D．since 答案　B 解析　句意為：鄭和航海到東非比哥倫布橫渡大西洋早80年。分析題干可知本句是一個強調(diào)句，被強調(diào)的是“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”，根據(jù)強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋剩余部分”可知選B項。 (考查單元語法) 4．I can ________ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean. (2011·新課標(biāo)全國，26) A．come up w

13、ith B．put up with C．turn to D．stick to 答案　B 解析　句意為：我能忍受這套房子凌亂，但不喜歡它不干凈。come up with找到(答案)，想出(主意)；put up with容忍，忍受；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，翻頁，求助于；stick to堅持。 (教材原句：We do not have to put up with pollution.) 5．The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the o

14、ther. (2011·山東，24) A．it B．them C．her D．that 答案　A 解析　句意為：這兩個女孩長得如此相像，以致于陌生人覺得很難把她們區(qū)分開。本句中it用在find后作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式短語to tell one from the other。them，her，that等詞均不能作形式賓語或形式主語。 (考查單元語法) 6．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________，but now I know it w

15、as the best decision I ever made. (2011·湖北，22) A．project B．commitment C．competition D．a(chǎn)mbition 答案　B 解析　句意為：放棄我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一個重大的決定，但現(xiàn)在我知道這是我做過的最好決定。project項目；commitment承諾，投入，花費；competition比賽；ambition志向。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B項。 (教材原句：There are many peopl

16、e who have a commitment...) Ⅱ.完形、閱讀——英譯漢 1．While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.(2012·北京·閱讀C) 盡管男人與女人都更注重壓力之下他們得到什么回報而不注重壓力會帶來什么后果，但是他們對冒險的反應(yīng)不同。 2．Trees，handrails，hallways, and sign posts are not

17、 for bicycle parking, and parking in such spots can result in a fine. (2012·天津·閱讀A) 樹下，欄桿處，大廳和標(biāo)志牌下都不得停放自行車，否則就要被罰款。 3．After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to change the way I was doing things. (2011·湖南·完形) 考慮這種現(xiàn)象之后，我決定改變自己現(xiàn)在做事的方式。

18、4．It includes helping kids with their lessons, raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research.(2011·天津·閱讀表達(dá)) 這包括幫孩子做功課、為貧困家庭募捐和為環(huán)境研究收集數(shù)據(jù)。 Ⅲ.書面表達(dá)——漢譯英 1．你的未來取決于很多東西，但主要取決于你自己。(depend on) (2012·浙江·書面表達(dá)) Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.

19、 2．結(jié)果，我的學(xué)習(xí)已穩(wěn)步提升。(steady) (2011·安徽·書面表達(dá)) As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies. 歷年高考熱點：as long as，even if，put up with， commitment，tend，consequence，result in，phenomenon， data，environmental，depend on，steady等的用法。 2014考點預(yù)測：tend，oppose，glance，average，subscr

20、ibe， come about，result in，put up with等的用法。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1 雙語釋義 vi.趨向；易于(be likely to do)；照顧；vt.照顧；護理(care for) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.(句型轉(zhuǎn)換) →I have a tendency to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening. (2)翻譯句子 ①

21、He tends towards selfishness. 他有自私自利的傾向。 ②She tends to get angry when others disagree with her. 別人不同意她的看法時，她很容易生氣。 ③You’d better tend to your own affairs. 你還是管好自己的事情吧！ 歸納拓展 tend(to) sb./sth.照料；照顧 end to do sth./have a tendency to do sth.易于；往往會做某事 tend to/towards sth.有……的趨勢；傾向于 tendency n.趨

22、勢；傾向 have an upward tendency有向上的趨勢 2 雙語釋義 vt.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量(to disagree with) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)完成句子 ①He opposed_their_building a new hall. 他反對他們修建新禮堂。 ②His daughter is very athletic as_opposed_to his son, who is cleverer. 他女兒擅長運動，與此相對，他兒子則頭腦更聰明。 (2)During the discussion, many members were________my

23、proposal, which upset me greatly. A．objecting B．objected to C．opposing D．opposed to 答案　D 解析　be opposed to反對……，固定短語。 歸納拓展 oppose A against/to B把A與B相對照或相比,oppose doing sth.反對做某事,be opposed to反對,as opposed to與……相比之下；與……對照而言 3 雙語釋義 vi.看一下；掃視(look quickly)；n.一瞥(a quick look) 學(xué)情

24、診斷 (1)完成句子 ①At_first_glance the problem seemed easy. 乍一看問題似乎很簡單。 ②I could see at_a_glance that it wasn’t the work of Xu Beihong. 我一眼就能看出這不是徐悲鴻的作品。 (2)He ________the envelope and recognized his father’s handwriting. A．stared at B．glared at C．looked at D．glanced at 答案　D 解析　句意為：

25、他瞥了一眼信封，認(rèn)出是他父親的筆跡。stare at 盯著看；glare at怒視；look at 看；glance at 瞥一眼。由句意可知選D項。 歸納拓展 glance at/down/over/through 瀏覽，粗略地看 give/take/have a glance (at)匆匆一看；掃視 at first glance乍看之下；乍一看 at a (single)glance (只)看一眼；一眼；立刻 易混辨析　glance，glare，stare glance指快速地看某人或某物一眼，強調(diào)動作。 glare指怒視。 stare指由于害怕或吃驚而睜大眼睛注視某人

26、或某物。 活學(xué)活用 用glance，glare，stare的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)The boy stared at the broken glass he dropped on the floor，and didn’t know what to do. (2)She glanced shyly at him and then lowered her eyes. (3)He didn’t shout；he just glared at me silently. 4 雙語釋義 adj.平均的； 普通的(normal)；典型的(typical)；n.平均數(shù)；平均水平；v.平均為；計算出

27、……的平均數(shù)(be equal to...as an average) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空 ①If your grades are above average，you shall get a reward. ②Four hundred people a year die of this disease on average. ③Temperatures are above/below average for the time of year. (2)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driv

28、ing licence reached 200,000, a (n)________of 40,000 per year. A．a(chǎn)verage B．number C．a(chǎn)mount D．quantity 答案　A 解析　句意為：去年獲得駕照的畢業(yè)生的數(shù)量達(dá)到了20萬人，平均每年四萬人。average平均數(shù)，符合句意。number數(shù)字；amount數(shù)量；quantity數(shù)量。 歸納拓展 the average of ... ……的平均數(shù) on (the/an) average平均 above(the) average在平均水平之上 below(

29、the) average在平均水平之下 5 雙語釋義 v．訂購，訂閱(pay regularly to get a copy of...)；捐助，出資(donate)；簽名 學(xué)情診斷 (1)翻譯句子 ①I have subscribed to a weekly magazine. 我已訂閱了一種周刊。 ②I couldn’t subscribe to your opinion more. 我非常同意你的觀點。 (2)He did not ________to my proposal，so I’m not pleased. A．subscribe B．devot

30、e C．promise D．describe 答案　A 歸納拓展 subscribe to a newspaper訂閱報紙, subscribe to an action group捐款給一個行動組織 subscribe to an idea/a view/an opinion贊同 支持某種看法、觀點及意見 subscribe one’s name to 簽名于…… 6 雙語釋義 發(fā)生(happen)；造成 學(xué)情診斷 (1)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空 ①The dictionary is being printed and it wil

31、l soon come out. ②This was a really difficult question，but a little boy came up with a good answer. ③I came across an old friend at the party last night. ④The amount owed comes to $40.50. (2)It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it________that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A．c

32、ame over B．came out C．came about D．came up 答案　C 歸納拓展 How did it come about that...？某事是怎么發(fā)生的？ come across邂逅，偶遇；被理解，被弄懂 come on快點；加油；得了吧 come out出版；開花；顯露 come over拜訪 come to合計，共計；結(jié)果達(dá)到；恢復(fù)知覺 come up走近；上來；發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；長出地面；被提及，被討論 come up with提出(答案、辦法等) 7 雙語釋義 造成；導(dǎo)致(lead to) 學(xué)情診斷 (

33、1)同義詞語替換 Scientists predict the sea levels will rise as_a_result_of global warming.as_a_consequence of/because_of (2)一句多譯 他因受重傷而死亡。 ①He_died_as_a_result_of_serious_injuries. ②Serious_injuries_resulted_in_his_death. ③His_death_resulted_from_serious_injuries. (3)Any damage________negligenc

34、e must be paid for by the borrower. A．resulting in B．resulting from C．resulted from D．resulted in 答案　B 歸納拓展 result from由……造成；因……發(fā)生 as a result of/as a consequence of作為……的結(jié)果；由于 as a result結(jié)果,without result毫無結(jié)果，徒勞 8 雙語釋義 忍受，容忍(tolerate；stand) 學(xué)情診斷 (1)完成句子 ①I’ll_have_to_put_up_with

35、_the_noise till I move next week.我下周就要搬了，在此之前，我還是得忍受這種噪音。 ②That woman has a lot to_put_up_with. 那個女人有許多煩惱要忍受。 ③It isn’t easy to_put_up_with_people_who_are_impolite.容忍沒有禮貌的人是不容易的。 (2)To make a living，they are willing to ________ many of the disadvantages of city life such as crime，heavy traffic a

36、nd pollution. A．put up B．put off C．put up with D．put away 答案　C 解析　句意為：為了生存，他們愿意忍受城市生活的許多缺點，諸如犯罪、繁忙的交通和污染問題。put up with忍受。 歸納拓展 can’t stand(sb.) doing sth.無法忍受(某人)做某事 can’t bear doing/to do sth.無法忍受做某事 1 只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！ 學(xué)情診斷 (1)同義詞語替換 You can go out

37、 to play so_long_as you stay in the back yard.as_long_as/only_if/on_ condition_that (2)單項填空 ①My parents don’t mind what job I do ________ I am happy. A．even though B．a(chǎn)s soon as C．a(chǎn)s long as D．a(chǎn)s though 答案　C 解析　even though即使；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as though似乎，好像。句意為：只要我快

38、樂我父母不介意我做什么工作。 ②—Our holiday cost a lot of money. —Did it？Well，that doesn’t matter________you enjoyed yourselves. (2010·江西，22) A．a(chǎn)s long as B．unless C．a(chǎn)s soon as D．though 答案　A 解析　句意為；——我們的假期花了很多錢?！菃?？只要你們玩得開心，那也就沒有關(guān)系了。as long as只要；unless除非；as soon as一……就……；though盡管。此處as long

39、 as引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，符合句意。 歸納拓展 so/as long as只要 on condition that條件是…… only if只有,as long as長達(dá) as far as遠(yuǎn)達(dá) as good as幾乎；與……幾乎一樣 as much as與……一樣多；和……同等程度 2. Without the “greenhouse effect”， the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. 如果沒有溫室效應(yīng)，地球會比現(xiàn)在冷大約33攝氏度。 學(xué)情診斷 (

40、1)Without your help，I couldn’t_have_worked_out_the_problem yesterday. 如果沒有你的幫助，昨天我就不能解決這個問題。 (2)單項填空 ①Without the Communist Party of China，________China. A．there were not B．there would be no C．there will be D．there hadn’t been 答案　B ②But for the Party’s policy, we________such a

41、happy life. A．will not lead B．can not lead C．do not lead D．could not lead 答案　D 歸納拓展 (1)介詞和介詞短語without(沒有)，but for(如果不是)可 以表示含蓄條件句，相當(dāng)于一個if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。 (2)連詞but，otherwise 也可以引出含蓄條件句。 寫作句組　滿分作文之佳句背誦 a．Obviously，without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school toda

42、y. (2011·福建) b．Without your help，I couldn’t have made so much progress in English.(2009·山東) 3 學(xué)情診斷 按強調(diào)句形式改寫下列句子 (1)The meeting will not begin until everyone is seated.(強調(diào)not...until...) →It_is_not_until_everyone_is_seated_that the meeting will begin. (2)Why did he come late for the meeting？(強

43、調(diào)why) →Why_was_it_that he came late for the meeting? (3)How did you find his house？(強調(diào)how) →How_was_it_that you found his house? (4)Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championship take place？(強調(diào)where) →Where_was_it_that the 44th World Table Tennis Championship took place? (5)Did they clean

44、the classroom yesterday？(強調(diào)they) →Was_it_they_that/who cleaned the classroom yesterday？ Ⅰ.根據(jù)英文釋義寫出下列單詞 1．consume：to use sth.，especially fuel，energy or time 2．consequence：a result of sth. that has happened 3．range：the limits between which sth. varies 4．glance：a quick look；to look quickly at s

45、b./sth. 5．commitment：a promise to do sth. or to behave in a particular way Ⅱ.語境填詞 1．Every year I usually subscribe to some magazines for my daughter to read. 2．She is tending (to) her sick mother at home. 3．The witness stated that she had never seen Mr.Smith. 4．There are two hundred boys ra

46、nging from seven to fourteen in age. 5．Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. Ⅲ.詞義猜測或句意理解題——用本單元詞匯或句式替換劃線部分 1．Global warming happens as a result of human activities. comes_about 2．All scientists agree that the increase in the temperature is due to the burning of fuels. su

47、bscribe_to_the_view 3．Prices seem to be increasing day by day. going_up 4．He is against my giving up my present job.opposed_to 5．The accident caused 15 deaths.resulted_in Ⅳ.微寫作(29) 寫作素材 1．有些科學(xué)家同意全球變暖是個災(zāi)難。 2．不斷增長的溫度可能會導(dǎo)致洪水、干旱和饑餓。 3．其他科學(xué)家反對這種觀點，認(rèn)為這種變暖會很溫和，不會在環(huán)境方面導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。 提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)。 連句

48、成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文) Some scientists subscribe to the view that global warming will be a catastrophe. The steady going up of the temperature may result in floods，drought and famines. Others are opposed to this, saying the warming will be mild with no severe environmental consequences. Ⅴ.微語法(29)

49、——強調(diào)句 (課外拓展——一個單元突破一個語法點) 1．—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? —Of course，I have.It was in our village ________ it was made. (2011·重慶，32) A．that B．where C．when D．which 答案　A 解析　句意為：——你看過電影《山楂樹之戀》嗎？——當(dāng)然，我看過。它就是在我們村里拍攝的。依據(jù)強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋句子剩余部分”可

50、知選A。 2．—________ made Daisy wild with joy? —Her success in the A-level exam this year. A．How was it that B．When was it that C．Why was it that D．What was it that 答案　D 解析　考查強調(diào)句式的特殊疑問句形式。此處強調(diào)主語成分，而答語“Her success in the A-level exam this year.”作主語，相當(dāng)于問句中的what。 3．Some great people said it w

51、as their primary school teachers that they were fond of________ influenced their whole life. A．what B．which C．a(chǎn)s D．who 答案　D 解析　考查強調(diào)句。句意為：一些偉人說，是他們喜歡的小學(xué)老師影響了他們的一生。被強調(diào)的部分是“their primary school teachers”，而“that they were fond of”是定語從句，修飾先行詞teachers。在此強調(diào)句中，被強調(diào)的部分指人，結(jié)合選項可知選who。 4．—_____

52、___was it that they found the lost suitcase? —The hotel manager had made every effort to help them. A．What B．How C．Which D．Who 答案　B 解析　考查強調(diào)句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處可用句式“特殊疑問詞＋was＋it＋that＋其他”。結(jié)合語境可知此處應(yīng)用疑問詞how來強調(diào)找到手提箱的方式，故B項正確。 5．It was only as I got older ________I got more curious about my background. A．that B．than C．then D．when 答案　A 解析　考查強調(diào)句型。此處only as I got older是被強調(diào)的部分。 14