（臨沂專版）2019中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專項語法 高效突破 專項1 名詞課件.ppt

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第二部分專項語法高效突破,專項1名詞,高頻考點精講,1.規(guī)則變化,考點1可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),【注意】有些名詞雖以－s結(jié)尾，但它們不是復(fù)數(shù)。如：physics物理；maths數(shù)學(xué)；politics政治；news新聞。,2．不規(guī)則變化,,考點2不可數(shù)名詞,1.不可數(shù)名詞通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面不能用不定冠詞a/an限定。2．可用much，alittle，alotof/lotsof，some，any，plentyof等修飾。如：Thereisalittlemilkinthebottle.在瓶子里有一點牛奶。3．不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達法：基數(shù)詞/不定冠詞＋量詞＋of＋不可數(shù)名詞。如：aglassofwater一杯水；twopiecesofpaper兩張紙?！咀⒁狻坎豢蓴?shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞取決于of前面的名詞的數(shù)。如：Therearethreeglassesofmilkonthetable.桌子上有三杯牛奶。,考點3名詞所有格,名詞所有格是表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系，有兩種表示形式，一種是在名詞后加’s；另一種是用of，表示“……的”。1．’s所有格,2.of所有格用來表示無生命的名詞所有格。如：themapofChina中國地圖；thedooroftheroom房間的門。3．雙重所有格①of＋名詞所有格。如：Heisafriendofmybrother’s.他是我弟弟(哥哥)的一位朋友。②of＋名詞性物主代詞。如：Issheadaughterofyours?她是你的一個女兒嗎？,考點4名詞詞綴,,英語中，有時一個名詞加上不同的前綴或后綴就可以變?yōu)樾稳菰~。如：sleep(睡覺)→asleep(睡著的)→sleepy(瞌睡的；困乏的)；help(幫助)→helpful(有幫助的)等。常見的名詞變形容詞的方法有：,考點5名詞辨析,1.語境辨析分析臨沂近十年的單項填空可以看出，名詞辨析側(cè)重于對語境辨析的考查，同時減少對單復(fù)數(shù)和固定搭配的考查。學(xué)生在做題時，首先要讀懂句意，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息，并分析各個選項的意思，結(jié)合日常生活中的常識及語境，即可選出正確答案。如：我們口渴了就需要水(water)和飲料(tea，coffee，juice等)；餓了就需要食物(bread，rice，meat，noodles等)；我們郵寄東西就要去郵局(postoffice)等。,2．近義詞辨析(1)house，family與home,(2)sound，noise與voice,(3)job與work,(4)problem與question兩個詞都表示“問題”。problem總是與“困難”相聯(lián)系，它可以指社會問題、教學(xué)問題，這種“問題”是“有待解決的”，與其搭配的動詞是solve；question總是與“疑問；質(zhì)問；詢問”相聯(lián)系，這種“問題”是“有待回答的”，與其搭配的動詞是answer。,十年真題全練,近十年來，臨沂中考對名詞的考查，主要考查的是名詞復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格及名詞詞綴?？疾樾问街饕菃雾椞羁铡⒃~形轉(zhuǎn)換、聽寫等。預(yù)計2018年，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格和名詞詞綴仍是考查的重點。,考點1可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),1.[2017臨沂，63]—Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?—About20____bysubway.(minute)2．[2016臨沂，57]YoumayfindmostChinese___(kid)don’tgetenoughexercise.3．[2015臨沂，57]Bytheendofthismonth，peopleinBeijingwillbeabletobrushtheir__(tooth)withwaterfromHubei.4．[2014臨沂，58]Everyoneknowsthat___(library)areplacesforpeopletostudy.,minutes,kids,teeth,libraries,5．[2013臨沂，63]Pleasefinishyourfood.Therearemanyhungry___(baby)intheworld，youknow.6．[2011臨沂，73]Asweknow，ZhangJiajieisfamousforthedifferent__(shape)ofmountains.7．[2008臨沂，71]Therearemanyfresh___(potato)inthesupermarket.8．[2008臨沂，68]—Howdoyouknowthatautumnhasarrived?—Onewayisthatthetree___(leaf)becomeyelloworred.,babies,shapes,potatoes,leaves,考點3名詞所有格,9.[2015臨沂，19]Ilivenearthestation.It’sonlyaboutfivewalk.A．minute’sB．minuteC．minutes’D．minutes10．[2014臨沂，60]Itissaidthat(tomorrow)sportsmeetinghasbeenputoffbecauseofthebadweather.11．[2008臨沂，18]Thisisnotmydictionary.It’s___．Shelentittomethismorning.A．mysisterB．mysistersC．mysister’sD．mysisters’,C,tomorrow’s,C,考點4名詞詞綴,12.[2017臨沂，67]MaryandTonyareapairofpetpigs.Thetwohaverecentlygotaspeciallicensesothattheir____(own)cantakethemforawalk.13．[2016臨沂，62]Schoolbus____(safe)isabigprobleminChina.14．[2015臨沂，63]Afterclass，childrenwentoutoftheirclassroomtoenjoythe____(warm)ofthesun.15．[2014臨沂，62]The____(win)ofthephotocompetitionwasa30－year－oldmanfromShanghai.16．[2013臨沂，64]Theboyistooyoungtoknowthe___(dangerous)ofsmoking.,owner(s),safety,warmth,winner,danger,17．[2013臨沂，65]Nancywantstobecomea___(translate)whenshegrowsup.18．[2012臨沂，71]LiNaisanoutstandingtennis_(play)．19．[2011臨沂，74]Davidisgoodatdrawingandhe’sgoingtobean___(art)whenhegrowsup.20．[2010臨沂，72]ThePalaceMuseumhasalarge__(collect)．Peoplecanlearnalotinit.21．[2008臨沂，67]Xiaomengisapopular__(report)atCCTVStation.,translator,player,artist,collection,reporter,猜押預(yù)測,一、單項填空1．EachcoupleinChinacanhavetwo___fromJanuary1st，2016.A．boyB．girlC．childrenD．child2．—Whatwouldyouliketoeat?—Some___，please.A．breadB．a(chǎn)ppleC．coffeeD．tea3．—Whatwouldyoulikeforbreakfast?—I’dlike___．A．tomatonoodleB．tomatonoodlesC．tomatoesnoodleD．tomatoesnoodles4．—Therearemany____aboutthisfarm.—Yes，lotsof______areplantedonit.A．photo；potatoB．photos；potatosC．photos；potatoesD．photoes；potatoes,C,A,B,C,5．It’sabout___frommyschooltomyhouse.A．20minutes’walkB．20minute’swalkC．walkof20minutesD．20minutes’walks6．Your____isveryhelpful.IguessI’lltakeit.A．secretB．a(chǎn)dviceC．promiseD．purpose7．Great____forfootballlovers—morethan50，000soccerschoolswillbebuiltinourcountrybytheendof2025.A．newsB．messageC．situationD．information8．HewasborninGermany，buthehasmadeChinahis____．A．familyB．a(chǎn)ddressC．houseD．home,A,B,A,D,9．Cathyhassuchagood____thatshewonmanyprizesinsingingcompetitionslastyear.A．sleepB．ideaC．voiceD．time10．—It’shottoday.Havesome____，please.—No，thanks.I’mnotthirstyatall.A．waterB．potatoesC．breadD．cakes二、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每空格限填一詞。1．Howmany____haveyoubeento？(city)2．Mygrandmaisinterestedintaking____withhermobilephone.(photo)3．Moreactionmustbetakentostop____(pollute)．4．There’resome____betweenthem.(different),C,A,cities,photos,pollution,differences,5．Tony’sfatheranduncleareboth___．Theyhelpkeepthecitysafe.(policeman)6．On____Day，Ioftenprepareaspecialgiftformyfather.(father)7．Dickdecidedtolose____byeatinglessanddoingmoreexercise.(weigh)8．Jimlaidoutthe____andforksatthelunchtable.(knife)9．____grandparentsusuallyhaveawalkaroundthelakeinthemorning.(Kate)10．ThisbookstoresellsmanyEnglish___.Youcanchoosewhatyoulike.(dictionary)11．—It’seasytotravelfromLinyitoBeijingbytakinghigh－speedrailwaysoon.—Yes.Maybeit’sonlyfive____ride.(hour)12．—HaveyouheardofLinZexuandZhanTianyou?—Ofcourse.Theyareournational____．(hero),_policemen,Father’s,weight,knives,Kate’s,dictionaries,hours’,heroes,