新視野大學(xué)英語第三版讀寫教程1課文翻譯

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one 孔子是中國(guó)歷史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家學(xué)派（Confucianism）的創(chuàng)始人，被尊稱為古代的"圣人"（sage）。 ConfuciuswasagreatthinkerandeducatorinChinesehistory. HewasthefounderofConfucianismandwasrespectfullyreferredtoasanancient"sage". 他的言論和生平活動(dòng)記錄在《論語》（TheAnalects）一書中。 HiswordsandlifestorywererecordedinTheAnalects. 《論語》是中國(guó)古代文化的經(jīng)典著作，對(duì)后來歷代的思想家、文學(xué)家、政治家產(chǎn)生了很大影響。 AnenduringclassicofancientChineseculture,TheAnalectshashadagreatinfluenceonthethinkers,writers,andstatesmenthatcameafterConfucius. 不研究《論語》，就不能真正把握中國(guó)幾千年的傳統(tǒng)文化。 Withoutstudyingthisbook,onecouldhardlytrulyunderstandthethousands-of-yearstraditionalChineseculture. 孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，對(duì)中國(guó)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 MuchofConfuciusthought,especiallyhisthoughtoneducation,hashadaprofoundinfluenceonChinesesociety. 在21世紀(jì)的今天，孔子的學(xué)說不僅受到中國(guó)人的重視，而且也越來越受到整個(gè)國(guó)際社會(huì)的重視。 Inthe21stcentury,ConfucianthoughtnotonlyretainstheattentionoftheChinese,butitalsowinsanincreasingattentionfromtheinternationalcommunity. Three 中國(guó)航天業(yè)開創(chuàng)于1956年。 Chinasspaceindustrywaslaunchedin1956. 幾十年來，中國(guó)航天事業(yè)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)又一個(gè)奇跡。 Overthepastdecades,Chinasspaceindustryhascreatedonemiracleafteranother. 1970年，中國(guó)成功發(fā)射了第一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星，成為世界上第五個(gè)獨(dú)立自主研制和發(fā)射人造地球衛(wèi)星的國(guó)家。 In1970Chinalauncheditsfirstman-madeearthsatellite,rankingChinathefifthcountryintheworldtoindependentlydevelopandlaunchman-madeearthsatellites. 1992年，中國(guó)開始實(shí)施載人航天飛行工程（mannedspaceflightprogram）。 In1992Chinabegantocarryoutthemannedspaceflightprogram. 2003年，中國(guó)成功發(fā)射了"神舟五號(hào)"載人飛船，使中國(guó)成為第三個(gè)發(fā)射載人飛船的國(guó)家。 In2003ChinalaunchedShenzhou-5,amannedspaceship. ThesuccessfullaunchmadeChinathethirdcountrytolaunchmannedspaceships. 2007年發(fā)射了"嫦娥一號(hào)"，即第一顆繞月球飛行（lunar-orbiting）的人造衛(wèi)星。 In2007Change-1,thefirstlunar-orbitingman-madesatellite,wassenttospace. 2013年，第五艘載人飛船"神舟十號(hào)"發(fā)射成功，為中國(guó)空間站的建設(shè)打下了基礎(chǔ)。 In2013Shenzhou-10,thefifthmannedspaceship,waslaunchedsuccessfully,layingthefoundationforbuildingtheChineseSpaceStation. Five 太極拳（TaiChi）是一種武術(shù)（martialarts）項(xiàng)目，也是一種健身運(yùn)動(dòng), 在中國(guó)有著悠久的歷史。 TaiChiisakindofmartialarts,andafitnessexerciseaswell. IthasalonghistoryinChina. 太極拳動(dòng)作緩慢而柔和，適合任何年齡、性別、體型的人練習(xí)。 Withslowandgentlemovements,TaiChiissuitableforpeopleofanyage,sex,orbodytypetopractice. 太極拳既可防身，又能強(qiáng)身健體，因而深受中國(guó)人的喜愛。 Itcanbeusedtoprovideself-defenseaswellasbuildthebody. Therefore,ithasbecomeverypopularamongChinesepeople. 太極拳在發(fā)展的過程中，借鑒并吸收了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)、醫(yī)術(shù)、武術(shù)的合理內(nèi)容（element），成為特色鮮明的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。 Duringitsdevelopment,TaiChiborrowedandabsorbeddesirableelementsfromtraditionalChinesephilosophy,medicine,andmartialarts,andithasdevelopedintoasportwithuniquefeatures. 作為中國(guó)特有的一種運(yùn)動(dòng)形式，太極拳也越來越受到眾多外國(guó)朋友的喜愛。 AsauniquesportinChina,TaiChiisalsogainingincreasingpopularityamongmanyforeignfriends. Six 改革開放以來，中國(guó)的教育事業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展，取得了引人矚目的成就。 Sinceitseconomicreformandopening-uptotheworld,Chinaseducationhasgonethroughrapiddevelopmentandmaderemarkableachievements. 中國(guó)政府把教育擺在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的地位，堅(jiān)持科教興國(guó)（revitalizethecountry），全面提倡素質(zhì)教育(quality-orientededucation)。 TheChinesegovernmentgivestopprioritytothedevelopmentofeducation,persistsinrevitalizingthecountrybyscienceandeducation,andfullyadvocatesquality-orientededucation. 同時(shí)，積極推進(jìn)教育公平，保障人人有受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。 Meanwhile,itactivelypromotesequalityineducationtoguaranteeeveryoneaccesstoeducation. 中國(guó)的教育成就反映在兩個(gè)不同的層面： Chinasachievementsineducationcanbereflectedintwodifferentlayers: 一個(gè)是全面普及了九年義務(wù)教育（nine-yearcompulsoryeducation）， Oneisthepopularizationofthenine-yearcompulsoryeducation; 另一個(gè)是實(shí)現(xiàn)了高等教育大眾化（masshighereducation）。 theotheristherealizationofmasshighereducation. 教育的發(fā)展為中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。 ThedevelopmentofeducationhasmadesignificantcontributionstoChinaseconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress. 近年來，為適應(yīng)社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要，中國(guó)政府不斷加快培養(yǎng)各領(lǐng)域的急需人才。 Inrecentyears,tosatisfytheneedsofsocialandeconomicdevelopment,theChinesegovernmenthasspedupthetrainingofqualifiedpersonnelurgentlyneeded Seven 為人誠(chéng)信，以和為貴是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德。 IntegrityandharmonyaretraditionalChinesevirtues. "和"的思想體現(xiàn)在很多方面。 "Harmony"isdemonstratedinvariousaspects. 在處理人與人的關(guān)系上，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)思想主張"和為貴"以及"家和萬事興"，從而創(chuàng)造一個(gè)和諧的社會(huì)環(huán)境。 Inregardtointerpersonalrelations,traditionalChinesethoughtsholdthat"Harmonyismostprecious"and"Afamilythatlivesinharmonywillprosper".Aharmonioussocialenvironmentcanbecreatedbasedontheseprinciples. 在人與自然的關(guān)系上，人類應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)自然，尊重自然，保護(hù)自然。 Asforrelationsbetweenhumanbeingsandnature,peopleshouldlearntounderstand,respectandprotectnature. 人與人、人與社會(huì)、人與自然都需要"和諧"。 Harmonyisessentialtointerpersonalrelations,relationsbetweenhumanbeingsandsociety,aswellasbetweenhumanbeingsandnature. 如今，和諧發(fā)展依然是我們的治國(guó)之本和管理人才之道。隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的發(fā)展，"和"的思想更加深入人心。 Nowadays,harmoniousdevelopmentisstillthewayofrunningthecountryandmanagingtalentedpersonnel.WiththedevelopmentofChinassociety,economyandculture,theideaof"harmony"goesevendeeperintopeopleshearts. 中國(guó)正在向構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)。 Chinaisonitswaytowardthegoalofbuildingaharmonioussocialistsociety. 綜合訓(xùn)練 one 中國(guó)書法意在既展現(xiàn)自然之美，又體現(xiàn)人的精神之美，非常講究子的整體排列效果，注重字與行的協(xié)調(diào)。 Chinese calligraphy aims to retain the beauty of nature and illuminate the spiritual beauty of man.it stresses the overall layout and harmony between words and lines. 漢字雅致的形體蘊(yùn)含著豐富的情感和藝術(shù)力量。 The graceful shapes of Chinese characters evoke deep emotion and artistic power. 在中國(guó)有個(gè)成語叫“字如其人”，意思是說可以從一個(gè)人所寫的字來判斷其性情。 As the chinese saying goes “the handwriting reveals the writer”which means one’s disposition can be judged by his/her handwriting. 一個(gè)人的字寫得如何，也能體現(xiàn)出其對(duì)生活的藝術(shù)的領(lǐng)悟.。 In addition,one’s handwriting also reveals his/her understanding of life and art. 潛心練字可以讓人放松，抵制外界的干擾。 Devotion to practicing calligraphy can help a person to achieve relaxation and repel outside disturbance. 因此，練習(xí)書法也被認(rèn)為是修心養(yǎng)性的一種方法。 So,it is also a way to keep mind and body fit and healthy. Three 茶，這一美妙的飲品與四千多年前原產(chǎn)于中國(guó)。 Tea is a wonderful beverage originally produced in China more than 4000 years ago. 在唐代時(shí)，日本僧人從中國(guó)引入茶種，并與同時(shí)引入的禪宗思想相結(jié)合，形成了聞名世界的日本茶道。 During the Tang dynasty,Japanese monks introduced tea seeds to Japan,and by combining tea with Zen Buddhism,created the world-famous Japanese tea ceremony. 在17世紀(jì)時(shí)，中國(guó)人的飲茶習(xí)慣被帶到歐洲，進(jìn)而形成了歐洲人喝茶的傳統(tǒng)。 In the 17th century, the Chinese habit of drinking tea was brought to Europe, which then became a tradition of the Europeans. 尤其在英國(guó)，喝下午茶的習(xí)慣由此而生。 In England in particular, people develop the custom of drinking afternoon tea. 在19世紀(jì)以前，世界各地的茶葉基本來自中國(guó)。 Prior to the 19th century, all of the tea in the world was primarily grown in China. 茶是中國(guó)人對(duì)世界的重要貢獻(xiàn)。 Tea is an important contribution of the Chinese people to the world. Five 隨著社會(huì)進(jìn)步和時(shí)代變遷，中國(guó)家庭規(guī)模和家庭結(jié)構(gòu)都在發(fā)生變化。 With the development of society and the change of time,the size and structure of Chinese families have been undergoing changes. 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)家庭模式一般至少包括夫妻和子女兩代人，并普遍存在三世同堂，四世同堂的現(xiàn)象。 A traditional Chinese families generally consists of at least two generations including the husband and wife and their children,and it is a common phenomenon for three or four generations to live under one roof. 然而，改革開放以來，隨著生活方式的變化，傳統(tǒng)的大家庭模式已逐步向結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，規(guī)模小的家庭模式轉(zhuǎn)化。 However, since the introduction of the reform and opening-up policy, with the changes in the lifestyle in our society, traditional extended families have been gradually transformed into families of simple structure and small size . 其中由父母，子女構(gòu)成的核心家庭成為中國(guó)家庭結(jié)構(gòu)中最主要的模式。 Among them, nuclear families, which are made up of parents and parents and children only, have become the major form of Chinese families. Six 據(jù)史料記載，孔子曾向老子問禮，并對(duì)老子贊賞有加，這就更加證實(shí)了傳統(tǒng)的說法，即老子與孔子處于同一個(gè)時(shí)代，是孔子的長(zhǎng)輩。 According to historical records ,Confucius once consulted Laozi about the rites and sang high praise for him This confirms the traditional claim that Laozi and Confucius were contemporaries and Laozi was senior to Confucius. 老子唯一的著作是《老子》，又叫《道德經(jīng)》。 The one and only book contributed by Laozi is The book of Laozi (also called Dao De Jing). 他主張無為而治，一個(gè)人應(yīng)該知足，寡欲，棄智，抱樸，把自己的作為嚴(yán)格控制在必要的范圍內(nèi)。 Laozi held the idea of“governing by inaction”. He believed that one should feel gratified,have few desires,discard wit, embrace simplicity, and confine one’s action within the limit of necessity . 雖然老子在價(jià)值觀中很少論及政治，但他詳細(xì)論述里如何為了人民的利益來經(jīng)營(yíng)國(guó)家。 Laozi rarely spoke of polices in his values. Instead he elaborated on how to run a good state in the interest of its people. Seven 中國(guó)現(xiàn)存的長(zhǎng)城主要建筑于明代。 The Great Wall of China that exists today was built mainly in the Ming Dynasty 這一偉大的工程耗時(shí)百余年，縱橫華夏大地萬余里。 It took over 100 years to complete the great project, which stretch more than 10000 Li across the country. 為了抵御外部侵略，維護(hù)國(guó)家領(lǐng)土，明代很多皇帝都不遺余力地鞏固并擴(kuò)建長(zhǎng)城，最終完成了明長(zhǎng)城的修建。 To resist invasion and protect the territory, many emperors of the Ming Dynasty spared no effort in fortifying, extending and eventually accomplishing the construction of the Ming Great Wall. 長(zhǎng)城歷經(jīng)千余載，其本身就是一部浩然歷史長(zhǎng)卷，是國(guó)之魂魄，民之脊梁。 Going through more than 2000 years, the Great Wall has become a long historical scroll, the soul of the country and the backbone of the nation. 它也是中華民族文化和智慧的象征，深深扎根于每一位炎黃子孫中。 Rooted into the heart of all Chinese people, the Great Wall has developed into a symbol of the Chinese culture and wisdom.