2019年高考英語一輪抓綱務(wù)本 模塊5 Unit 3 Science versus nature（含解析）牛津譯林版

Unit 3 Science versus nature李仕才一、閱讀理解?！癈lothes Swapping” is an activity which has become increasingly popular among American women.At a clothes swap event the women can give away unwanted clothing and get something different in return.Recently about 300 women went to a clothes swap at a high school in Springfield，Virginia.It was the largest crowd ever for the area's popular clothing­swapping group.Daphne Steinberg was having a good day.“For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT，Ann Taylor is a really good women's designer and I will totally wear this to work.So I love that，and I love that I can equip myself for work，have a good time in doing it，and not totally bankrupt(使破產(chǎn))myself.”Sandy Van Dusen likes the idea that clothes are finding new homes instead of being thrown away.“Because it helps to keep the Earth green.There's no point in my opinion in continuing to buy new clothes when we can reuse what are already here.Give them a new homelet somebody else love what you used to love and no longer love.”Kim Pratt organized the clothes swap event in Springfield.She also organized a money­raising activity for the high school's debate team.It is one of several ways that her group gives to charitable causes.Another is by donating all of the “unswapped” clothing to shelters for victims of domestic violence.“I started doing this four years ago, and we've been doing it for four years，getting bigger and bigger each time we have a swap.”She used the social media website to help publicize the events.The website has helped her group grow from 30 members to 1,300.Ms.Pratt says most of the members respect the clothing swap rules.But she says competition for desirable fashion can be strong.“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover(徘徊)over the new people coming in with their clothing.As they put it out，some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free­for­all.We try to avoid that as much as possible.”1Women can _ at a clothes swap.Aexchange unwanted clothing for something differentBbuy whatever clothing they likeChave a social gathering and make friendsDmake some money by giving away unwanted clothing2We can learn from what Daphne Steinberg said that _.Ashe had been to a clothes swap for the first timeBshe experienced the largest clothes swap ever in the areaCshe got some clothes she likes at the clothes swapDshe saved much more money than she had expected3What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?AWhat Kim Pratt did with the unswapped clothing.BHow Kim Pratt started the clothes swap event.CWhat Kim Pratt did to help people in need.DHow Kim Pratt raised money to help charitable causes.4It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.Aclothes swaps are often out of control in the endBinappropriate behavior at clothes swaps needs to be controlledCclothes swapping is becoming increasingly popular with American womenDmore clothes swap events need to be organized【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在Springfield的一所高中舉辦的“交換衣服”活動，詳細介紹了活動組織人Kim Pratt組織該活動的初衷、意義和存在的問題等?！倦y句分析】“Clothes Swapping” is an activity which has become increasingly popular among American women.分析：該句為主從復合句。which has become increasingly popular among American women為which引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞an activity。譯文：“交換衣服”是一項越來越受美國女士歡迎的活動。1A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第二句“At a clothes swap event the women can give away unwanted clothing and get something different in return”可知，在“交換衣服”活動中，女士可以給出自己不想要的衣服，得到一些不同的衣服，故A項正確。2C考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中Daphne Steinberg所說的話“For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT，Ann Taylor is a really good women's designer and I will totally wear this to work”可知，Daphne Steinberg在這次“交換衣服”活動中得到了她喜歡的Ann Taylor設(shè)計的衣服，并會穿著它去上班，故C項正確。3C考查段落大意。通讀第五段可知，該段主要介紹了Kim Pratt為幫助需要幫助的人組織的多個活動，包括“交換衣服”活動、為Springfield的一所高中的辯論隊組織的籌款活動、捐贈衣服給家庭暴力受害者庇護所的活動，故C項正確。4B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free­for­all.We try to avoid that as much as possible”可推知，在“交換衣服”活動中，對一些不恰當?shù)男袨閼?yīng)該加以控制，故B項正確。A項在文中沒有提及；根據(jù)第一段第一句“Clothes Swapping' is an activity which has become increasingly popular among American women”可知，第一段直接提到“交換衣服”活動在美國女士中越來越受歡迎，不需要推理得出，且在最后一段中沒有體現(xiàn)，故C項錯誤；通讀最后一段可知，該段主要講述“交換衣服”活動中可能出現(xiàn)的問題，而不是需要組織更多的“交換衣服”活動，故D項錯誤。二、單項填空。1.Many farmers left their fields and went to big cities with the _ of making money to support their family.A. intention B. determination C. concern D. development【答案】A【解析】句意：為了掙錢養(yǎng)家糊口，很多農(nóng)民離開了他們的土地去往大城市。with the intention of“為了，以為目的或意圖”，符合句意。determination 決心，果斷；concern 擔心，關(guān)心；development發(fā)展。2.Nash won the Noble Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his work on game theory. His life story was_ into the movie A beautiful Mind in 2001.A. adapted B. adopted C. adjusted D. accepted【答案】A【解析】句意：納什因其在博弈論上的貢獻獲得了諾貝爾經(jīng)濟科學紀念獎。他的人生故事在 2001 年被改編成電影美麗心靈 。adapt 改編，適應(yīng)；adopt 采納，收養(yǎng)；adjust 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；accept 接受。故選 A 項。3.The factory near the seaside was closed down as a(a) _ of the terribly bad management and fund shortage.A. summary B. consequence C. conclusion D. effect【答案】B【解析】句意：靠近海濱的這家工廠因為糟糕的經(jīng)營管理和缺少資金而關(guān)閉。summary 概要；consequence結(jié)果 as a consequence of 表示“由于；因為” ； conclusion 結(jié)論；effect 效果， 影響。4.As China _ into a market economy, the government no longer assigned jobs, food or free housing to urbanresidents.A. transplanted B. transferred C. translated D. transformed【答案】D【解析】transplanted 移植；transferred 轉(zhuǎn)移；translated 翻譯；transformed 轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：隨著中國轉(zhuǎn)換成市場經(jīng)濟，政府不再分配工作、食物或城市居民的免費住房。5.Further to our telephone conversation this morning, I would like to _ details of the order which wediscussed.A. expand B. confirm C. attach D. convince【答案】B【解析】 句意： 關(guān)于上午的電話交談， 我想進一步確認我們討論的這批訂單的細節(jié)。 由句意可知， 選 confirm，意為“確認，確定，證實，批準”；expand 擴張，使膨脹，詳述；attach 使依附，貼上，系上，使依戀；convince 說服，使相信。6.What do you think of the poems?They are beautiful to read but _, they are hard to understand.A. in addition B. on the other hand C. as a consequence D. in particular【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題意“讀起來很美”及“很難理解”可知選 B 項。on the other hand“另一方面”。句意： “你認為這些詩歌怎么樣啊？” “它們讀起來很美，但是另一方面卻很難理解。 ”7.He _ his plan for dropping out of the university regardless of his parents opposition.A. pushed along B. pushed ahead with C. pushed for D. pushed forward【答案】B【解析】句意：他不顧父母的反對，毅然按照自己的計劃從大學退學了。push ahead with “義無反顧地進行”，符合句意。push along 把推向前；push for 一再強烈要求；push forward 繼續(xù)前進。8.Exam-takers “virtue” will be taken into _ in the future nationwide public servants exam.A. focus B. target C. consideration D. contribution【答案】C【解析】 句意： 在未來的全國公務(wù)員考試中將會考慮考試人員的“道德”因素。take.into consideration“考慮，把考慮在內(nèi)”，符合句意。focus 焦點，中心；target 目標，靶子；contribution 貢獻，捐獻，投稿。9.I am all _ trying to find ways to save money, but we have to maintain certain standards of quality.A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honor of D. in search of【答案】A【解析】句意：我完全贊同盡力找到省錢的方法，但是我們必須維持一定的質(zhì)量標準。in favour of 贊成，支持；in memory of 為紀念；in honor of 為了對表示敬意；in search of 尋找。10.He invented a new game _ children, but it never really _.A. intended for; caught on B. intended to; counted onC. for; caught up on D. intended to; caught on【答案】A【解析】(be)intended for 為而準備；(be) intended to do sth 打算做某事；catch on 變得流行；catch up on事后得到關(guān)于的消息，趕完，對有影響；count on 指望，依靠，依賴，期望。句意：他為孩子們發(fā)明了一種新的游戲，但它從來沒有真正在流行起來。11.The _ to the environment has helped many animals to escape from their enemies and fit in with thesurroundings.A. adaptation B. adoption C. recreation D. foundation【答案】A【解析】adaptation 改編，適應(yīng)；adoption 收養(yǎng)，采納；recreation 娛樂；foundation 基礎(chǔ)。句意：對環(huán)境的適應(yīng)幫助很多動物擺脫天敵、適應(yīng)周圍的環(huán)境。12.Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week. _, the victimshad to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.A. As a result of B. As a consequence C. As usual D. As for【答案】B【解析】as a result of 由于的結(jié)果，of 后須接賓語；as a consequenceas a result 結(jié)果，因此；as usual跟往常一樣；as for 至于。consequence 指隨之而發(fā)生的結(jié)果，而 result 指最后的結(jié)果。句意：許多房屋被上周襲擊這個地區(qū)的颶風給摧毀了。結(jié)果，受害者不得不住在紅十字會提供的臨時避難所里。13.It is important that climatefriendly technologies should be _ to developing countries to help them buildgreen economy.A. transformed B. communicated C. committed D. transferred【答案】D【解析】transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)讓，傳遞”，符合句意。句意：應(yīng)該將一些環(huán)保型技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給發(fā)展中國家?guī)椭麄兘h(huán)保型的經(jīng)濟，這一點很重要。transform 改變；communicate 交流；commit 犯罪，承諾做。14.The spokesman _ that the president would visit China next week，which cleaned up all doubts.A. concluded B. advised C. demanded D. confirmed【答案】D【解析】confirm 確認；conclude 結(jié)束；advise 建議；demand 要求。句意：新聞發(fā)言人確認了總統(tǒng)將于下周訪問中國，這消除了一切懷疑。故只有 D 項符合題意。15.Martys disability is “one in a million”. _,there are not many people in the world like him.A. In other words B. All in all C. For one thing D. On the other hand【答案】A【解析】句意：Marty 的障礙是“一百萬分之一”。換句話說，世界上不是很多人都像他那樣。in otherwords“換句話說”，符合句意。三、完形填空。When my sister Diane began playing the violin, she was seven. How did she sound? Terrible. But she didnt 1 . At twelve, she asked our parents if she could 2 a fulltime music school. They said no. Actually, everyone agreed that my sister 3 talent. I was better at my 4 . My teacher had told my parents that I had great 5 . So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to 6 me. But the only time he was 7 was Saturday afternoons at 3 pm. Back then, I was 8 about the British TV show The Avengers, which was 9 every Saturday at 3 pm. I let nothing take up my The Avengers hour. So I 10 this amazing opportunity.Today, I dont even have a 11 in my house.My sister became an engineer, but she 12 stopped making music. When she was in her 40s, she switched her 13 . She went back to college，got a(n) 14 in music education，and became a music teacher. She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never 15 Recently, she and a pianist pal put on a recital. A big crowd of friends and family 16 for her. As she played, I looked around at the 17 . Everyone was 18 enjoying the music. It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered that 7­year­old kid making those perfectly 19 sounds and knew how far she had come, despite 20 Talent is important. But enthusiasm is even more important.【解題導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，通過講述妹妹追求夢想的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：天賦很重要，但更重要的是熱情。1A.advance BquitCreflectDlistenB解析：根據(jù)上文的“How did she sound？Terrible.”可知，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；結(jié)合本句的“But”表示的轉(zhuǎn)折意義可知，但她沒有放棄(quit)。2A.inspect BopenCattendDvisitC解析：根據(jù)上文可知，盡管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放棄；據(jù)此可以判斷，本句句意為：在十二歲時，她問父母她是否可以去全日制的音樂學校上學。attend school為固定搭配，意為“上學”。3A.lacked BspottedCpossessedDadmiredA解析：根據(jù)上文的“They said no.”和父母沒有答應(yīng)讓她去全日制音樂學校學習可以判斷，每個人都認為“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天賦，故A項正確。4A.majorBprojectCcompositionDinstrumentD解析：根據(jù)本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母為“我”找了當?shù)刈詈玫匿撉倮蠋熃獭拔摇睂W鋼琴；據(jù)此可以判斷，與妹妹相比，“我”更擅長“我”的樂器。5A.patienceBenthusiasmCpotentialDambitionC解析：根據(jù)下文的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母為“我”找了當?shù)刈詈玫匿撉倮蠋焷斫獭拔摇睂W鋼琴；據(jù)此可以判斷，老師告訴父母說“我”很有潛能(potential)。A項意為“耐心”，B項意為“熱情”，D項意為“抱負”，都與語境不符。6A.trainBexamineCcorrectDchallengeA解析：參見上題解析。A項意為“培訓，教育”；B項意為“檢查”；C項意為“改正”；D項意為“挑戰(zhàn)”。7A.punctual BskillfulCoccupied DavailableD解析：根據(jù)語境可知，鋼琴老師只有每周六下午三點有空。D項意為“有空的”，符合語境，故D項正確。A項意為“準時的”，B項意為“技術(shù)好的”，C項意為“使用中”，都與語境不符。8A.sensitiveBcrazyCseriousDparticularB解析：根據(jù)本句中的“about the British TV show”可判斷，“我”熱衷于一檔英國電視節(jié)目。be crazy about為固定搭配，意為“熱衷于”，故B項正確。A項意為“敏感的”，C項意為“嚴肅的”，D項意為“特別的，挑剔”，都與語境不符。9A.filmed BdesignedCairedDcommentedC解析：根據(jù)該句中的“every Saturday at 3 pm.”可知，這檔英國電視節(jié)目在每周六的下午三點播放。air在本句中意為“播出，播送”，屬于熟詞生義，故C項正確。A項意為“拍電影”，B項意為“設(shè)計”，D項意為“評論”。10A.jumped at Bturned downCwaited forDopened upB解析：根據(jù)前一句可知，“我”不讓任何事情占用“我”看這檔節(jié)目的時間，據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”拒絕了這一機會。B項意為“拒絕”，符合語境，故B項正確。A項意為“迫不及待地接受”，C項意為“等待，等候”，D項意為“打開”，都與語境不符。11A.tutorBviolinCmusicianDpianoD解析：根據(jù)本段的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可以判斷，由于“我”拒絕了學鋼琴，所以現(xiàn)在家里甚至一臺鋼琴也沒有，故D項正確。12A.neverBonceCalreadyDevenA解析：根據(jù)空后兩句可知，“我”妹妹在四十幾歲時上大學學習音樂；據(jù)此可知，盡管“我”妹妹成了一名工程師，但是她從未(never)停止對音樂的追求，故A項正確。13A.attitudeBcareerCplanDpositionB解析：根據(jù)下文的“and became a music teacher”可知，在她四十幾歲時，她改變了職業(yè)(career)，從工程師成為一名音樂老師，故B項正確。A項意為“態(tài)度”，C項意為“計劃”，D項意為“地位”，都與語境不符。14A.scholarshipBsponsorCdegree DassistantC解析：根據(jù)句中的“She went back to college”和“and became a music teacher”可知，她重返大學學習音樂，并取得了音樂教育的學位(degree)，成了一名音樂老師。A項意為“獎學金”，B項意為“贊助人”，D項意為“助手”，都與語境不符。15A.provided BimaginedCreceived DexpectedC解析：根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的父母認為妹妹沒有音樂天賦，拒絕了妹妹上全日制音樂學校的請求，據(jù)此可以判斷，妹妹做音樂老師時，給了孩子們她未曾得到(received)的鼓勵和支持。A項意為“提供”，B項意為“想象”，D項意為“期望”，都與語境不符。16A.votedBfearedCstayed upDturned upD解析：根據(jù)上文的“put on a recital”可知，妹妹和一位鋼琴家舉辦了一場演奏會；據(jù)此可以判斷，朋友和家人們都到場了。A項意為“投票”，B項意為“擔心，害怕”，C項意為“熬夜”，D項意為“到達，露面”。17A.students BaudienceCspotlightsDplatformB解析：根據(jù)下文的“enjoying the music”可知，所有人都在欣賞妹妹演奏的音樂；據(jù)此可知，“我”環(huán)顧了四周的觀眾(audience)，故B項正確。A項意為“學生”，C項意為“聚光燈”，D項意為“平臺，講臺”。18A.obviously BdesperatelyCappropriatelyDanxiouslyA解析：根據(jù)本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，很顯然(obviously)，所有人都在欣賞妹妹演奏的音樂。B項意為“極其”，C項意為“恰當?shù)亍?，D項意為“著急地”，都與語境不符。19A.booming BpleasingCawful DpowerfulC解析：根據(jù)上文的“How did she sound？Terrible.”可知，七歲時，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了(awful)，故C項正確。A項意為“迅速發(fā)展的”，B項意為“令人愉快的”，D項意為“有力量的”，都與語境不符。20A.everythingBsomethingCeverybodyDsomebodyA解析：根據(jù)本句中的“and knew how far she had come，despite”并結(jié)合上文可知，“我”想起了妹妹七歲時演奏小提琴的糟糕的聲音，只有“我”知道她不顧一切(everything)走了多遠。四、短文改錯。My neighbor Jackie is always consideration to others.One day，I was going to deliver a speech at an institute while I found my car wouldnt get starting.I rushed to the street to hire a taxi.Just at that time，I come across Jackie.He was hurried going to attend his sick mother in hospital.Furthermore，when he learned about my problems，he didnt hesitate to give me a lift.I arrived at the lecture hall in time，when the audience had been present.I owe my great thanks to my neighbor Jackie，who is a person ready to help the others at any time.答案：My neighbor Jackie is always to others.One day，I was going to deliver a speech at an institute I found my car wouldnt get .I rushed to the street to hire a taxi.Just at that time，I across Jackie.He was going to attend his sick mother in hospital.，when he learned about my ，he didnt hesitate to give me a lift.I arrived at the lecture hall in time， the audience had been present.I owe my great thanks to my neighbor Jackie，who is a person ready to help others at any time. 12