2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 3 Computers（含解析）新人教版必修2

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1、 Unit 3　Computers 李仕才 【短文語法填空】 No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, 1 a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may feel him hard 2 ( approach ). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my fat

2、her is a 3 ( talent ) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he 4 ( provide ) his family with a good social position and a 5 ( relative ) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people

3、from all walks of life come to my home, from 6 I’ve gained lots of social experiences. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high 7 ( expectation ) of me. I can see that my idling away time 8 ( hurt ) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaning

4、ful, such as 19___ ( write ) a book, he will be more excited than me. I always remind 10 ( me ) I must go on and on, and never shall I give up halfway. 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述父親是一個(gè)結(jié)實(shí)健壯的人，友好善良，用自己的天賦和努力為家人創(chuàng)造了好的生活，但是父親對(duì)我嚴(yán)格，期待很高。我將不會(huì)辜負(fù)父親的厚望，一定努力，決不不半路放棄。 1.with 2.to approach 【解析】考查不定式。to ap

5、proach作狀語修飾hard，形容詞后不定式作狀語，him是不定式的邏輯賓語，用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)。故填to approach。 3.talented 【解析】考查形容詞。句意：父親是一個(gè)有天賦的人。talented＂有天賦的＂修飾man作定語，作定語用形容詞。故填talented。 4.has provided 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：用自己的天賦和多年的努力，父親為全家提供了好的社會(huì)地位和相對(duì)富裕的生活。根據(jù)語境可知，＂提供＂這一動(dòng)作指過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has provided。 5.relatively

6、【解析】考查副詞。relatively＂相對(duì)地＂修飾rich作狀語，作狀語用副詞。故填relatively。 6.whom 【解析】考查定語從句。＂from ___6___ I’ve gained lots of social experiences＂作定語修飾all walks of life，作介詞賓語，指人，用關(guān)系代詞whom。故填whom。 7.expectations 8.hurts 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我明白我虛度的時(shí)間深深傷害了他。講述現(xiàn)在的事情，且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填hurts。 9.writing 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。 such

7、as＂諸如＂，as是介詞，介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填writing。 10.myself 【解析】考查代詞。句意：我總是提醒我自己我必須一直向前，絕不半路放棄。主語和賓語指同一事物，作賓語用翻身代詞。故填myself。 一．高考單詞→識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用 1．核心詞匯 ①type n．類型 vt. & vi.打字 ②signal vi. & vt.發(fā)信號(hào) n．信號(hào) ③goal n．目標(biāo)；目的；球門；進(jìn)球；得分 ④solve vt.解決；解答 ⑤explore vt. & vi.探索；探測；探究 explorer n．探險(xiǎn)家；勘探者 exploration n．探索 ⑥

8、calculate vt.計(jì)算 calculator n．計(jì)算器 ⑦simplify vt.簡化 simple adj.簡單的 simply adv.簡直；只；不過 ⑧arise vi.出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生 rise vi.上升；升起 raise vt.升起；提高；種植；飼養(yǎng) 2．常考詞匯 ①character n．性格；特點(diǎn) ②anyhow adv.也作 anyway無論如何；即使如此 ③download vt.下載 ④total adj.總的；整個(gè)的 n．總數(shù)；合計(jì) totally adv.完全地；整個(gè)地 ⑤personal adj.私人的；個(gè)人的；親自的 personally

9、 adv.就個(gè)人而言；親自 personality n．個(gè)性；人格 ⑥r(nóng)eality n．真實(shí)；事實(shí)；現(xiàn)實(shí) real adj.真實(shí)的 ⑦appearance n．外觀；外貌；出現(xiàn) appear v．出現(xiàn) ⑧application n．應(yīng)用；用途；申請(qǐng) apply v．運(yùn)用；涉及；申請(qǐng) applicant n．申請(qǐng)人；求職人 ⑨intelligence n．智力；聰明；智能 intelligent adj.智能的；聰明的 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．A Toronto man is offering a free roundtheworld air ticket t

10、o the right woman.But restrictions _apply(applicant)．You must be named Elizabeth Gallahgher and have a Canadian passport.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ) 2．We were respectful of craft (技藝) and focused on digging into the characters (character) we were going to play.(2017·全國卷Ⅱ) 3．But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come clo

11、ser than anyone to making the flying car a reality (real)．(2017·全國卷Ⅱ) 4．In study after study，it appears (appear) that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.(2017·全國卷Ⅱ) 5．While high school does not generally encourage students to_explore (explore) new aspects of life，college sets the stag

12、e for that exploration.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ) 6．To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence (intelligent) and help us understand and adjust our emotions.(2016·江蘇卷) 7．Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by measuring the men’s problem solving (solve)ability.(2016·天津卷) 8．Smartphones make it easie

13、r and more convenient to check reality (real), watch video clips, read weibo.(2016·江蘇卷) 9．I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally (total) unknown, hard, but interesting.(2016·天津卷) 10．Risktakers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring (explore)．(2016·北京卷) ?“不管怎樣，無論如

14、何”家族 ①anyhow　②anyway ③however?、躨n any case ?含ology的必備名詞小結(jié) ①technology科技 ②biology生物學(xué) ③ecology生態(tài)學(xué) ④archeology考古學(xué) ⑤psychology心理學(xué) ⑥sociology社會(huì)學(xué) ⑦physiology生理學(xué) ⑧geology地理/質(zhì)學(xué) ?含ify的必備動(dòng)詞集錦 ①beautify美化 ②clarify澄清 ③classify分類 ④simplify簡化 ⑤terrify使人感到恐怖 ⑥modify修改，修飾 ⑦electrify使電氣化 ⑧horri

15、fy使恐懼 ?詞形相近詞對(duì)比記 ①signal n．信號(hào) ②sign n．跡象，符號(hào) ③sigh v．嘆息 ④single adj.單個(gè)的，單身的 ⑤sight n．視力，情景 ?ic后綴形容詞面面觀 ①scientific科學(xué)的 ②enthusiastic熱情的 ③energetic精力充沛的 ④dramatic戲劇(性)的 ⑤sympathetic同情的 ⑥r(nóng)omantic浪漫的 【完形填空】 When Lisa Welch，from Jimboomba，Queensland，was struggling with what to gift her son

16、for his upcoming 10th birthday，she was beaten.Her little boy Jorge has a __1__， who，born with Corticol Dysplasia，is unable to speak and his brain __2__ as an 18 months old. Lisa had noticed that during the drive to school each weekday morning，Jorge almost jumped out of his seat __3__ every time the

17、y passed a big truck.This was what gave her the idea to put a post on the local Facebook Sell It page, __4__ a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour and __5__ take Jorge for a ride.Within minutes，Melissa Whelan，whose husband Tom drives a big truck，__6__ to be online and contacted(聯(lián)系)L

18、isa, Jorge's birthday __7__ had been organized. But the story doesn't __8__ there.The offers of trucks and time kept pouring in.It was at this point that Gavin，another trucker，stepped in and __9__.Afterwards，he set up a __10__ page “Jimboomba Jorge” __11__ everyone could keep pace with what was unf

19、olding.The __12__ of the birthday surprise spread，and enthusiasm and local community spirit __13__.Within 5 days，Gavin had organized a convoy(車隊(duì))of 214 trucks, with __14__ coming from across the country.He spoke with radio stations 4BC about Jorge and the convoy.Channel 9 Australia was contacted and

20、 they too made arrangements to be __15__ on the day. Saturday the 15th December __16__ bright and sunny，which turned out the best ever birthday for Jorge.The community also __17__ a total of $1 700 toward Jorge's ongoing __18__ costs and __19__ the birthday presents was the donation of a tablet PC

21、from the local Telstra shop.Lisa is excited that this can be used to aid Jorge with his __20__. 1．A.toy B．disability C．situation D．habit 2．A.treats B．considers C．functions D．describes 3．A.casually B．calmly C．excitedly D．violently 4．A.asking for

22、 B．depending on C．sending for D．bringing up 5．A.frequently B．gradually C．deliberately D．possibly 6．A.hesitated B．happened C．intended D．pretended 7．A.surprise B．invitations C．evening D．dance 8．A.end B．begin C．turn D．mean 9．A.pulled ove

23、r B．handed over C．took over D．thought over 10．A.normal B．frequent C．usual D．special 11．A.in case B．even if C．a(chǎn)s long as D．so that 12．A.time B．place C．rule D．message 13．A.grew B．sank C．lost D．fell 14．A.doctors B．drivers C．clerk

24、s D．patients 15．A.off B．out C．a(chǎn)way D．there 16．A.showed B．wiped C．dawned D．varied 17．A.raised B．earned C．wasted D．spent 18．A.general B．medical C．living D．travelling 19．A.between B．a(chǎn)t C．a(chǎn)mong D．a(chǎn)gainst 20．A.decision B．comm

25、unication C．drive D．relationship 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了母親Lisa為她患病的兒子準(zhǔn)備生日驚喜的故事。在很多人的幫助下，她的兒子Jorge度過了一個(gè)完美的生日，同時(shí)，Jorge還收到了很多生日禮物以及好心人的捐款。 1．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“玩具”；B項(xiàng)意為“缺陷，障礙”；C項(xiàng)意為“情況”；D項(xiàng)意為“習(xí)慣”。根據(jù)空格后的“who, born with Corticol Dysplasia, is unable to speak and his brain ________ as an 18 months old”可判斷出，J

26、orge生來身體上就有缺陷。故選B。 2．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“對(duì)待”；B項(xiàng)意為“考慮”；C項(xiàng)意為“正常工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“描述”。根據(jù)“is unable to speak”可判斷出，Jorge大腦的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)水平大約和18月大的孩子一樣。故選C。 3．C　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“不經(jīng)意地”；B項(xiàng)意為“鎮(zhèn)靜地”；C項(xiàng)意為“興奮地”；D項(xiàng)意為“強(qiáng)烈地”。根據(jù)上文中的“jumped out of his seat”可判斷出，此處指Jorge每次看到有大卡車經(jīng)過時(shí)都會(huì)從座位上興奮地跳起來。故選C。 4．A　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“請(qǐng)求”；B項(xiàng)意為“依賴”；C項(xiàng)意為“派人去請(qǐng)”；D項(xiàng)意

27、為“提出，養(yǎng)育”。根據(jù)空格后的“a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour”可判斷出，此處指Lisa是想請(qǐng)求一位有卡車的人來她家。故選A。 5．D　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“頻繁地”；B項(xiàng)意為“逐漸地”；C項(xiàng)意為“故意地”；D項(xiàng)意為“可能，也許”。根據(jù)語境可知，Lisa希望如果有可能的話，卡車司機(jī)可以載Jorge一程。故選D。 6．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“猶豫”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)生”；C項(xiàng)意為“打算”；D項(xiàng)意為“假裝”。此處指丈夫是卡車司機(jī)的Melissa Whelan碰巧在線并聯(lián)系了Lisa。happen to do意為“碰巧

28、發(fā)生”。故選B。 7．A　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“驚喜”；B項(xiàng)意為“邀請(qǐng)”；C項(xiàng)意為“晚上”；D項(xiàng)意為“舞蹈”。根據(jù)第三段第五句中的“the birthday surprise spread”可知，此處指Lisa做這一切是想給兒子一個(gè)生日驚喜。故選A。 8．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)束”；B項(xiàng)意為“開始”；C項(xiàng)意為“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)”；D項(xiàng)意為“意思是”。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)故事并沒有到此結(jié)束。故選A。 9．C　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“靠邊停車”；B項(xiàng)意為“移交”；C項(xiàng)意為“接替，接任”；D項(xiàng)意為“仔細(xì)考慮”。根據(jù)下文中的“he set up a ________ page ‘Jimboo

29、mba Jorge'”可知，另一位卡車司機(jī)介入并接替了這件事情。故選C。 10．D　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“正常的”；B項(xiàng)意為“頻繁的”；C項(xiàng)意為“通常的”；D項(xiàng)意為“特別的”。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，這是一張?zhí)貏e的“page”。故選D。 11．D　考查連詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“萬一，假使”；B項(xiàng)意為“即使”；C項(xiàng)意為“只要”；D項(xiàng)意為“以便”。此處指Gavin建立一個(gè)寫有“Jimboomba Jorge”的頁面以便每個(gè)人都能知道這件事情的進(jìn)展?？崭窈竺娴臓钫Z從句表示的是結(jié)果，能引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的只有so that。故選D。 12．D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“時(shí)間”；B項(xiàng)意為“地點(diǎn)”；C項(xiàng)意為

30、“規(guī)則”；D項(xiàng)意為“消息”。根據(jù)語境可知，生日驚喜的消息很快就傳播開了。故選D。 13．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“增長”；B項(xiàng)意為“下沉”；C項(xiàng)意為“丟失”；D項(xiàng)意為“落下”。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，生日驚喜的消息很快就傳播開來，熱情和當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)人們的情緒高漲。故選A。 14．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“醫(yī)生”；B項(xiàng)意為“司機(jī)”；C項(xiàng)意為“職員”；D項(xiàng)意為“病人”。根據(jù)上文中的“Gavin had organized a convoy(車隊(duì))of 214 trucks”可知，Gavin組織了一個(gè)由來自全國各地的司機(jī)組成的卡車車隊(duì)。故選B。 15．D　考查副詞辨析。句意為：有人聯(lián)系了澳大利亞的C

31、hannel 9，他們也做出了安排，那天會(huì)在那里(進(jìn)行報(bào)道)。故選D。 16．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“展示”；B項(xiàng)意為“擦”；C項(xiàng)意為“天亮，破曉”；D項(xiàng)意為“變化”。根據(jù)“bright and sunny”可判斷出，天亮之后才能陽光明媚。故選C。 17．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“籌集”；B項(xiàng)意為“賺得”；C項(xiàng)意為“浪費(fèi)”；D項(xiàng)意為“花費(fèi)”。根據(jù)空格后的“a total of $1 700”可知，社區(qū)也為Jorge籌集了1 700美元。故選A。 18．B　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“全體的，普遍的”；B項(xiàng)意為“醫(yī)療的”；C項(xiàng)意為“活著的”；D項(xiàng)意為“旅行的”。因?yàn)镴orge是一個(gè)患病

32、的孩子，根據(jù)空格前后的“Jorge's ongoing”和“costs”可知，這些錢是用來支付Jorge的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的。故選B。 19．C　考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，Jorge的生日禮物很多，among the birthday presents表示“在這些禮物當(dāng)中”，符合語境。故選C。 20．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“決定”；B項(xiàng)意為“交流”；C項(xiàng)意為“駕車路程”； D項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)系”。根據(jù)第一段中的“is unable to speak”和本段中的“a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop”可知，當(dāng)?shù)氐腡elstra商店送給Jorge一個(gè)平板電腦，

33、Lisa認(rèn)為這對(duì)Jorge的交流會(huì)有所幫助。故選B。 亮點(diǎn)句積累：The offers of trucks and time kept pouring in.(第三段第二句) 譯文：可供使用的卡車和時(shí)間段不斷涌來。 詞匯積累：pour v．不斷涌向　organize v．組織 keep pace with保持同步，并駕齊驅(qū) 二．重點(diǎn)短語→識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用 動(dòng)詞＋介詞/副詞 ①deal with處理；安排；對(duì)付 ②watch over看守；監(jiān)視；照管 ③make up彌補(bǔ)；編造；打扮；構(gòu)成 ④share... with...與……分享…… ⑤provide... for

34、...給……提供…… 用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．Authentic fire gear (服裝) is_provided_for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ) 2．As_a_result,_humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.(2016·北京卷) ?way相關(guān)介詞短語一覽 ①by the way

35、順便說說 ②by way of經(jīng)由；當(dāng)作 ③in a way在某種程度上 ④in no way決不 ⑤in the way擋道 ⑥in every way在各方面 ⑦on the way在途中，接近 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫 1.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯·巴比奇才把我

36、制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。 before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“……之后才……”。 差不多用了兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間，我媽媽才學(xué)會(huì)操作電腦。 It took nearly two months before_my_mother_learned_to_be_able_to_operate_computers. 2.As time went by, I was made smaller. 隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我被做得更小了。 as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“隨著”。 隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展和生活水平的提高，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已進(jìn)入尋常百姓家。 As_technology_develops_and_life_improves,_

37、the Internet has entered the ordinary people’s homes. 3.And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it! 我的存儲(chǔ)量變得如此之大，連我自己都不能相信！ so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此……以至于”。 他如此專注于電腦游戲，以至于沒有意識(shí)到媽媽已經(jīng)回家。 He was so_absorbed_in_computer_games_that he didn’t realize his mother had come home. 【七選

38、五】 Controlling Anger Becoming angry is something beyond the control of people?　1　Becoming angry can do a lot of damages, both mental and physical. However, there are methods for discovering how to control anger and not suffer later. ●?　2　The moment you feel there are chances of you becoming angry

39、, get away from those circumstances. In fact, there can be no better a judge than you, for discovering what it is or who it is that makes you become angry, and then at that moment choose to think about something else that can lighten your feelings. ●Keep a check on your breathing.?　3　By controlling

40、 the process of breathing, you can actually slow down your anger greatly. You can count till the number three as you breathe in, hold it for 3 seconds and again count till three while breathing out. You have to concentrate on the count as you do this and repeat for as many times as is required. ●?　

41、4　For example, if you're experiencing road anger while driving, you can choose to tell yourself that the person who overtook you by a vehicle was in a hurry as a result of some emergency and appreciate the fact that nothing major had happened to your car. Repeat this form of self-talk to yourself ev

42、ery time you are in the middle of such an angry situation. ●Look for a support in other people.?　5　It needs to be clear right at the beginning as to why you are discussing your concerns with that individual. Let the other individual know what you want from the other person. After you're done with y

43、our part of discussing about the circumstances, chances are that you'll feel much better than before. A. Talk to yourself positively. B. Come to a stop as soon as you are angry. C. Try to see the situation in a different light. D. You can also ask for help from the one you rely on. E. What you

44、can do when you become angry is to breathe deeply. F. In fact, almost all people at one point of time or the other become angry. G. You can imagine going to a place you consider to be calming as well as relaxing. 【文章大意】生氣傷身，但是每個(gè)人不可避免地會(huì)生氣。如何控制生氣呢？本文給出了四項(xiàng)有效措施：生氣時(shí)停一停；生氣時(shí)深呼吸；生氣時(shí)自嘲；尋求別人的幫助等。 1.F 【解析】

45、根據(jù)下文Becoming angry can do a lot of damages, both mental and physical.可知，生氣對(duì)精神和身體都有很大壞處，接著講述了控制生氣的方法，因此推斷F項(xiàng)“實(shí)際上，幾乎所有的人都有可能在某一時(shí)刻會(huì)生氣”符合語境。故選F。 3.E 【解析】根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題和空格下文By controlling the process of breathing, you can actually slow down your anger greatly.可知，生氣時(shí)調(diào)整呼吸，通過控制呼吸的過程，減慢生氣，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“breathe”可知E項(xiàng)“生氣時(shí)你可以做深呼吸”符合語境。故選E。 4.A 【解析】空格處為段落標(biāo)題。本段通過一個(gè)例子，當(dāng)你開車路怒的時(shí)候，你可以告訴自己超過你的那個(gè)人可能有緊急事情感激你的車沒有發(fā)生什么大事，生氣的情況下多重復(fù)幾遍這個(gè)過程。因此推斷本段建議生氣時(shí)積極的自言自語。故選A。 5.D 【解析】根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題Look for a support in other people.可知，本段建議生氣時(shí)尋求別人的支持，support與D項(xiàng)中提到的“help”一樣相近，因此推斷D項(xiàng)“你可以嘗試向你信賴的人尋求幫助”符合語境。故選D。 12