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1、2022屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破 9 第九講 助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣隨堂鞏固即時(shí)提升 北師大版 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2018·江西師大附中等五校聯(lián)考)It has been accepted that all the students ____________put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus. shall　解析：在第三人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)的陳述句中，表示規(guī)定、制度，應(yīng)用shall。 2．(2017·天津卷單項(xiàng)填空)My room is a mess, but I

2、____________not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning. need　解析：由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知，此處表示“沒(méi)必要今晚打掃”，故用need符合語(yǔ)意。 3．(2015·四川卷短文改錯(cuò))What do you think I should do？If you ____________(be) me，would you talk to them? were　解析： 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處If引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的假設(shè)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)

3、去式。 4．(江蘇卷)It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，____________bring me food. should　解析： 句意：讓我難過(guò)的是，他們自己那么貧窮，竟然還給我?guī)?lái)食物。should可以表示說(shuō)話人驚訝的語(yǔ)氣，意為“竟然”。 5．(2018·四川成都七中段考)The young firefighter insisted that he ____________(be) well-prepared and should be sent there to put out the fire. was　解析： 句意：那

4、位年輕的消防員堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他準(zhǔn)備好了，并且堅(jiān)持要去那里救火。當(dāng)insist意為“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)用陳述語(yǔ)氣，且根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，從句也應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。且此處表達(dá)的是說(shuō)話時(shí)所處的一種狀態(tài)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填was。 6．(2018·安徽黃山質(zhì)檢)—I’m afraid I have to leave now, for you see，he is waiting for me. —Well，if you ____________，at least wait till the heavy rain stops. must　解析： 句意：——恐怕現(xiàn)在我不得不離開(kāi)了，因?yàn)槟阒溃诘任摇?/p>

5、——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知填must，意為“偏要；非得”。 7．(2018·安徽江淮十校聯(lián)考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one ____________leave with his own work unpleted. shall　解析： 句意：由于截止日期即將到來(lái)，不完成工作，任何人不許離開(kāi)。shall用于第三人稱(chēng)陳述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。 8．(四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ____________take me t

6、o Disneyland at weekends. would　解析： 句意：我還記得自己快樂(lè)的童年，那時(shí)，我媽媽常常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂(lè)園。此處would表示“過(guò)去常?！保高^(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 9．(江西卷)When I was a child，I ____________watch TV whenever I wanted to. could　解析： 句意：我小的時(shí)候，想什么時(shí)候看電視，就什么時(shí)候看。此處發(fā)生在過(guò)去，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could表示“能夠，被允許”，相當(dāng)于was allowed to。 10．(浙江卷)They were abroad during the months w

7、hen we were carrying out the investigation，or they __________(e) to our help. would have e　解析： 句意：在我們進(jìn)行調(diào)查的幾個(gè)月里，他們?cè)趪?guó)外，否則他們會(huì)來(lái)給我們幫忙的。or意為“否則”，語(yǔ)境中隱含了一個(gè)條件，故本句為含蓄條件句。由上句中的were可知設(shè)空處表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故主句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用would have done形式。 單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2018·南昌十校模擬)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time

8、for out-of-classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life. ____________________ are→be　解析：虛擬語(yǔ)氣錯(cuò)誤。suggest在此處表示“建議”，因此其后跟的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)用“should＋do”形式，且should可以省略。故此處應(yīng)把a(bǔ)re改為be。 2．(2018·鄭州預(yù)測(cè))He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about the game. ____________

9、________ 刪除to　解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。dare既可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。dare的過(guò)去式為dared，此處其前沒(méi)有用助動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明dare在此用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，故后跟動(dòng)詞原形。 3．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)I should available any time after school next week. ____________________ should后加be　解析：助動(dòng)詞后如果跟形容詞應(yīng)該加be。 4．(2016·江蘇卷)Therefore，rules should worked out and strictly observed. _____________

10、_______ should后加be　解析：句意：因此，應(yīng)該制定規(guī)則并嚴(yán)格遵守。rules和work out之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 5．(2018·四川成都五校聯(lián)考)People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world, so we should nice to our parents. ____________________ should后加be　解析：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，而nice為形容詞，因此其前缺少be動(dòng)詞，故在should后加

11、be。 6．(2018·河北“五個(gè)一”名校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)There will a lecture in our library, at 4：00 on Wednesday afternoon. ____________________ will后加be　解析：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，而a lecture為名詞，因此缺少be動(dòng)詞，故在will后加be。 7．(2018·湖南衡陽(yáng)八中模擬)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society. ____________________ should→can　解析：根據(jù)句意可知，表示“能，能夠”，應(yīng)用can。