八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) 單詞巧記+句型語(yǔ)法剖析《Unit 2 What’s the matter》教案 人教新目標(biāo)版
八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) 單詞巧記+句型語(yǔ)法剖析Unit 2 Whats the matter教案 人教新目標(biāo)版三點(diǎn)剖析單詞·巧記·典句·考點(diǎn)have v.得(?。换迹ú。厩捎浱崾尽?have(患有)hair(頭發(fā))【經(jīng)典例句】 I have a headache.我患有頭痛。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】(1)表示“有,擁有”。如:How many books do you have? 你有多少本書(shū)? (2)詞組have to 表示“必須,不得不”。短語(yǔ):have a cold 感冒;have a headache頭痛【活學(xué)活用】 1.用have的正確形式填空Each of the students a ChineseEnglish dictionary.答案:hasStomachache n.胃痛;腹痛;肚子痛【巧記提示】 stomach(胃)+ache(疼痛)【經(jīng)典例句】 I have a stomachache.我肚子痛?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)ache結(jié)尾的單詞表“疼、痛”。如:headache頭痛,backache背痛2)“have a+疾病名”表示“患病”。我的記憶卡類(lèi)似的在本文中出現(xiàn)的固定表達(dá)還有:have a cold 患感冒have a headache (患)頭痛have a stomachache (患)胃痛 have a sore throat (患)咽喉痛have a sore back 背痛 have a fever發(fā)燒have a toothache(患)牙痛have a backache 背痛【活學(xué)活用】 2.填空You have a (胃痛),so you shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours.答案:stomachachesore adj.疼痛的【巧記提示】 sore(疼痛的)score(得分)【經(jīng)典例句】 I have a sore throat.I cant speak loudly.我咽喉痛,我不能大聲說(shuō)話?!究键c(diǎn)聚集】 sore,ache,pain都指“身體上極不舒服的感覺(jué)”。ache常指連續(xù)性的疼痛;sore常指因發(fā)炎而引起的肌肉疼;pain常指肉體上的劇烈疼痛?!净顚W(xué)活用】 3.根據(jù)首字母,補(bǔ)全單詞You shouldnt eat too much sweet food,because you often have a t.答案:toothacheBack n.后背;背脊【巧記提示】 black(黑色)的去掉l是back(后背)?!窘?jīng)典例句】 The man is riding on the black horse back.那個(gè)人正騎在一匹黑馬背上?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)短語(yǔ):at the back of.在后面on the back在背上2)另外back 還有方位名詞的詞性,意為“后面”。He laughs best that laughs last.笑到最后的人才笑得最好。illness n.疾?。簧 厩捎浱崾尽?ill (adj.是生病的)+ness(名詞后綴)【經(jīng)典例句】 He has had a bad illness,but he is better now.他得了一場(chǎng)大病,可是現(xiàn)在他好多了?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)ill 是形容詞,意思是“有病的”,在意思上相當(dāng)于sick,但在用法上不完全相同,sick 和ill 都可以作表語(yǔ),但是sick 還可以作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞。2)illness 和sickness 用法相同,可以互換。【活學(xué)活用】 4.選擇Dont be stressed out.It will make you .A.illB.sickC.illnessD.sickness答案:toothacheweak adj.(身體)虛弱的;無(wú)力的【巧記提示】 week(星期、周)與weak 是同音詞?!窘?jīng)典例句】 He is weak so he cant walk long.他身體虛弱,因此他不能走很長(zhǎng)的路?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)weak 意為“身體虛弱的”。2)weak 的反義詞是strong。angry adj.生氣的;憤怒的【巧記提示】 ang(e)r(v.生氣)+-y (名詞后綴)【經(jīng)典例句】 The young man leaves the room in an angry way.那個(gè)年輕人生氣地離開(kāi)了房間?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)派生詞:angrily adv.生氣地2)形容詞用來(lái)作表語(yǔ),還可以用來(lái)修飾名詞,而副詞用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。western adj.西方的;來(lái)自西方的【巧記提示】 west(西部)+-ern(形容詞后綴)【經(jīng)典例句】 The lifestyle of the western countries is different from that of the eastern countries.西方人的生活方式和東方國(guó)家的生活方式不同?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 west 的反義詞是east;western 的反義詞是eastern。要記住west是名詞,而western是形容詞?!净顚W(xué)活用】 5.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Christmas Day is the (west)festival.答案:westernfew adj.(表示否定)很少的;幾乎沒(méi)有的【巧記提示】 few(幾乎沒(méi)有)new(新的)【經(jīng)典例句】 There are few friends in a new place.在一個(gè)剛來(lái)的地方幾乎沒(méi)有朋友?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 要掌握f(shuō)ew,a few,little,a little這四個(gè)詞的用法。few和 a few用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù),而little和a little 是修飾不可數(shù)名詞的,在意義上a few是“一些,幾個(gè)”,a little是“一點(diǎn)兒”,表示肯定意義。few 和little 都表示“幾乎沒(méi)有”,表示否定意義。【活學(xué)活用】 6.選擇You should drink water.A.a lotB.a littleC.a fewD.many答案:Bhear v.聽(tīng)見(jiàn);聽(tīng)說(shuō)【巧記提示】 h+ear(耳朵)【經(jīng)典例句】 Im sorry to hear you are not feeling well.聽(tīng)說(shuō)你感覺(jué)不舒服我感到很難過(guò)?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ):hear of.聽(tīng)說(shuō);hear from.收到的來(lái)信,相當(dāng)于get/receive a letter from.2)hear sb.do sth.聽(tīng)到某人做某事,hear是感官動(dòng)詞,后面接省去to的動(dòng)詞不定式。如:I often hear the little girl sing in the next room.我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這個(gè)小女孩在隔壁唱歌。3)hear sb.doing sth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事I heard the man playing the piano when I passed.當(dāng)我經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候,我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)那個(gè)男人正在彈鋼琴?!净顚W(xué)活用】 7.選擇Listen! I can hear someone at the door.A.knockB.knockingC.to knockD.knocked答案:B短語(yǔ)·典句·考點(diǎn)have a cold n.患傷風(fēng);感冒【經(jīng)典例句】 People dont often have colds in summer.人們?cè)谙奶焱ǔ2粫?huì)感冒?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 1)cold 用作名詞是“傷風(fēng)感冒”的意思。2)have a cold與catch a cold都意為“感冒”。【活學(xué)活用】 8.選擇Please dont put off your coat.It is still outside.A.hotB.coldC.expensiveD.small答案:Bon the way to.在去的路上【經(jīng)典例句】 I saw a wallet on my way to school.我在去學(xué)校的路上看見(jiàn)一個(gè)錢(qián)包。【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1)way 所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有:in a+形容詞 way,用的方式。如:in a strange way 用奇特的方式,in an angry way用生氣的方式in an interesting way用有趣的方式2)by the way 順便問(wèn)一下,順便說(shuō)一下【活學(xué)活用】 9.用上面所提到的詞組的正確形式填空1) ,whats your telephone number?2)I lost my pen to the post office.3)My teacher always makes his lesson interesting a strange way.答案:1)By the way2)on the way3)intoo much 很多;大量的【經(jīng)典例句】 I have too much homework to do.我有大量的作業(yè)要做?!究键c(diǎn)聚焦】 too much后面加不可數(shù)名詞much too后面接形容詞和副詞too many+可數(shù)名詞【活學(xué)活用】 10.判斷句子的正誤他吃得太多。1)He eats too many food.2)He eats much too food.3)He eats too much food.答案:1)F2)F3)T句子·剖析·拓展 Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of cooling yin and hot yang to be healthy.傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)認(rèn)為要保持健康需要一種陰和陽(yáng)的平衡?!酒饰觥?1)“Traditional Chinese doctors believe”是主句,后面的“we need a balance of yin and hot yang to be healthy”是賓語(yǔ)從句。2)to be healthy是動(dòng)詞不定式在賓語(yǔ)從句中作目的狀語(yǔ)?!就卣埂?1)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的常用的動(dòng)詞除了believe,還有suppose,think,guess等。2)動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以作目的狀語(yǔ),還可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。But people who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.但是工作壓力太大而生氣的人可能陽(yáng)氣太重。【剖析】 這個(gè)句子的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是“people may have too much yang.”人們可能有太多的陽(yáng)氣。who are too stressed out and angry是定語(yǔ)從句.起修飾限制people的作用?!就卣埂?too much+不可數(shù)名詞,如too much water 太多的水;too many+可數(shù)名詞,如too many cars 太多的車(chē)Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle,and its important to eat a balanced diet.要保持健康的生活方式是很容易的,吃平衡的飲食是重要的?!酒饰觥?1)這一句式是 “It is+adj.+to do.”,it是形式主語(yǔ),真正主語(yǔ)是to do.。2)是由and連接的并列句。【拓展】 這個(gè)句子還可以表達(dá)為:To have a healthy lifestyle is easy,and to eat a balanced diet is important.語(yǔ)法·剖析情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“should”的用法1.“should”在課文中表示“應(yīng)該、必須”,用于表示忠告、建議等。如:You should drink hot tea with honey.Mrs Jones has a fever.She should drink lots of water.2.與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”一樣,如果是否定句,在should后面加上not;如果是疑問(wèn)句,把should放在主語(yǔ)前,should沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)的變化。如:Should I lie down and rest? You shouldnt drink hot coffee.典題精講例1(xx淄博模擬模擬)Li Ping was very sorry being late,but what the teacher said made her better.A.for;feelB.to;to feelC.about;feelingD.at;felt思路解析:這句話的意思是 “李平上學(xué)遲到了很難過(guò),但是老師所說(shuō)的話讓他感到好多了”。做某事很難過(guò) “be sorry for doing sth.”,使得某人做某事 “make sb.do sth.”。答案:A例2(xx河北模擬)Weve got two TV sets,but works well.A.anyB.bothC.eitherD.neither思路解析:句意是“我們有兩臺(tái)電視機(jī),但是兩臺(tái)機(jī)子都不能正常工作”。any是任何一個(gè),沒(méi)有范圍限制,both是“兩者都”,either是“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”,neither是“兩者都不”。兩者只能選B和D項(xiàng),both作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,neither作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案:D例3 the matter with you? A.WhosB.WhatsC.Hows思路解析:通常表示某人處在一種不好的境況中。應(yīng)用句型結(jié)構(gòu)Whats the matter with you? 表示“怎么了?”,答案:綠色通道:解這類(lèi)題應(yīng)熟記英語(yǔ)句型的固定表達(dá)方式。如:Whats the matter with you?Whats wrong with you?Whats the trouble with you?例4 needs a rest after all.A.PeopleB.MenC.Everyone思路解析:本句的意思是“畢竟大家都需要休息”。而gets是關(guān)鍵提示,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí),主語(yǔ)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),只有everyone是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。答案:綠色通道:這類(lèi)題考查不定代詞everyone作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。類(lèi)似的詞還有:someone,anyone,no one,something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody。例5The workers should for a few hours.A.lies downB.lie downC.lie 思路解析:should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后面接動(dòng)詞原形,因此不能選。結(jié)合句子的意思“你應(yīng)該躺幾個(gè)晚上”,而躺下來(lái)是lie down。答案:綠色通道:should 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),要與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還有can,could,may,might,shall,should,will,would。巧學(xué)法園地can與could用法歌:can表能力和可以,于否、問(wèn)句中表猜疑。could是can的過(guò)去式,語(yǔ)氣比can更客氣。may與might用法歌:might表也許或可以,要比may更客氣。might是may的過(guò)去式,有些時(shí)候表猜疑。