2019高考英語一輪選習練題 模塊5 Unit 3 Science versus nature（含解析）牛津譯林版

模塊5U3李仕才一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。While beach vacations may be a great way to take your mind off work，lakes surrounded by mountains make for an even grander experience.If you are looking for peace on your vacation，we have some recommendations for you in the Caucasus(高加索)Lake SevanLake Sevan is situated in the central part of Armenia，in the Gegharkunik Province.It is the largest lake in Armenia，located 6,234ft above sea level.Along the lake shore，there are various accommodations such as resorts and hotels with plenty of activities to partake such as windsurfing，swimming and sunbathing.While there，do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments，the Sevanavank monastery，and it offers a great view of the lake as well.Paravani LakeParavani Lake，located 6,801ft above sea level，is in the south of Georgia，near the Javakheti Plateau.At this level, altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly，or bring medication for altitude sickness.Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting experience.The lake is best known for fishing.Do not come home during the winter months when the lake freezes.Lake CildirLake Cildir is located in the Ardahan Province，east Turkey，near the borders with Georgia and Armenia.It is a large freshwater lake of eastern Turkey，and many tourists are not aware of this beautiful attraction.Lake Cildir is surrounded by mountains of the Caucasus.The lake freezes during late November.If the winter is not extremely cold，you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing.Lake VanLake Van is the must visit of all lakes in this list，the largest lake in Turkey.Lake Van is located on the eastern shore of Turkey and is also the most accessible lake there.It's situated 5,380ft above sea level，and unique to many lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content.1If you want to visit some historic sites during your travel by a lake，you can go to _.ALake CildirBParavani LakeCLake Sevan DLake Van2What is special about Lake Van?AIts water is high in salt.BIt is a volcanic lake.CIt is globally the largest lake.DIt is surrounded by mountains.3What challenge are travelers most likely to face while visiting Paravani Lake?ALack of medicine.BVolcano eruptions.CAltitude sickness.DLow temperature all the year.【解題導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了供人們度假的好去處高加索地區(qū)的一些湖泊。1C考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments, the Sevanavank monastery”可知，度假期間如果你想?yún)⒂^歷史性建筑可以到Lake Sevan。故選C。2A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“and unique to many lakes around the world, the water is high in salt content”可知，Lake Van的特色是湖水的鹽度高。故選A。3C考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“At this level，altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly，or bring medication for altitude sickness”可知，在游覽Paravani Lake時，游客們最有可能面臨的挑戰(zhàn)就是高原反應(yīng)。故選C。二、單項填空。1.Many farmers left their fields and went to big cities with the _ of making money to support their family.A. intention B. determination C. concern D. development【答案】A【解析】句意：為了掙錢養(yǎng)家糊口，很多農(nóng)民離開了他們的土地去往大城市。with the intention of“為了，以為目的或意圖”，符合句意。determination 決心，果斷；concern 擔心，關(guān)心；development發(fā)展。2.Nash won the Noble Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his work on game theory. His life story was_ into the movie A beautiful Mind in 2001.A. adapted B. adopted C. adjusted D. accepted【答案】A【解析】句意：納什因其在博弈論上的貢獻獲得了諾貝爾經(jīng)濟科學紀念獎。他的人生故事在 2001 年被改編成電影美麗心靈 。adapt 改編，適應(yīng)；adopt 采納，收養(yǎng)；adjust 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；accept 接受。故選 A 項。3.The factory near the seaside was closed down as a(a) _ of the terribly bad management and fund shortage.A. summary B. consequence C. conclusion D. effect【答案】B【解析】句意：靠近海濱的這家工廠因為糟糕的經(jīng)營管理和缺少資金而關(guān)閉。summary 概要；consequence結(jié)果 as a consequence of 表示“由于；因為” ； conclusion 結(jié)論；effect 效果， 影響。4.As China _ into a market economy, the government no longer assigned jobs, food or free housing to urbanresidents.A. transplanted B. transferred C. translated D. transformed【答案】D【解析】transplanted 移植；transferred 轉(zhuǎn)移；translated 翻譯；transformed 轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：隨著中國轉(zhuǎn)換成市場經(jīng)濟，政府不再分配工作、食物或城市居民的免費住房。5.Further to our telephone conversation this morning, I would like to _ details of the order which wediscussed.A. expand B. confirm C. attach D. convince【答案】B【解析】 句意： 關(guān)于上午的電話交談， 我想進一步確認我們討論的這批訂單的細節(jié)。 由句意可知， 選 confirm，意為“確認，確定，證實，批準”；expand 擴張，使膨脹，詳述；attach 使依附，貼上，系上，使依戀；convince 說服，使相信。6.What do you think of the poems?They are beautiful to read but _, they are hard to understand.A. in addition B. on the other hand C. as a consequence D. in particular【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題意“讀起來很美”及“很難理解”可知選 B 項。on the other hand“另一方面”。句意： “你認為這些詩歌怎么樣?。俊?“它們讀起來很美，但是另一方面卻很難理解。 ”7.He _ his plan for dropping out of the university regardless of his parents opposition.A. pushed along B. pushed ahead with C. pushed for D. pushed forward【答案】B【解析】句意：他不顧父母的反對，毅然按照自己的計劃從大學退學了。push ahead with “義無反顧地進行”，符合句意。push along 把推向前；push for 一再強烈要求；push forward 繼續(xù)前進。8.Exam-takers “virtue” will be taken into _ in the future nationwide public servants exam.A. focus B. target C. consideration D. contribution【答案】C【解析】 句意： 在未來的全國公務(wù)員考試中將會考慮考試人員的“道德”因素。take.into consideration“考慮，把考慮在內(nèi)”，符合句意。focus 焦點，中心；target 目標，靶子；contribution 貢獻，捐獻，投稿。9.I am all _ trying to find ways to save money, but we have to maintain certain standards of quality.A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honor of D. in search of【答案】A【解析】句意：我完全贊同盡力找到省錢的方法，但是我們必須維持一定的質(zhì)量標準。in favour of 贊成，支持；in memory of 為紀念；in honor of 為了對表示敬意；in search of 尋找。10.He invented a new game _ children, but it never really _.A. intended for; caught on B. intended to; counted onC. for; caught up on D. intended to; caught on【答案】A【解析】(be)intended for 為而準備；(be) intended to do sth 打算做某事；catch on 變得流行；catch up on事后得到關(guān)于的消息，趕完，對有影響；count on 指望，依靠，依賴，期望。句意：他為孩子們發(fā)明了一種新的游戲，但它從來沒有真正在流行起來。11.The _ to the environment has helped many animals to escape from their enemies and fit in with thesurroundings.A. adaptation B. adoption C. recreation D. foundation【答案】A【解析】adaptation 改編，適應(yīng)；adoption 收養(yǎng)，采納；recreation 娛樂；foundation 基礎(chǔ)。句意：對環(huán)境的適應(yīng)幫助很多動物擺脫天敵、適應(yīng)周圍的環(huán)境。12.Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week. _, the victimshad to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.A. As a result of B. As a consequence C. As usual D. As for【答案】B【解析】as a result of 由于的結(jié)果，of 后須接賓語；as a consequenceas a result 結(jié)果，因此；as usual跟往常一樣；as for 至于。consequence 指隨之而發(fā)生的結(jié)果，而 result 指最后的結(jié)果。句意：許多房屋被上周襲擊這個地區(qū)的颶風給摧毀了。結(jié)果，受害者不得不住在紅十字會提供的臨時避難所里。13.It is important that climatefriendly technologies should be _ to developing countries to help them buildgreen economy.A. transformed B. communicated C. committed D. transferred【答案】D【解析】transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)讓，傳遞”，符合句意。句意：應(yīng)該將一些環(huán)保型技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給發(fā)展中國家?guī)椭麄兘h(huán)保型的經(jīng)濟，這一點很重要。transform 改變；communicate 交流；commit 犯罪，承諾做。14.The spokesman _ that the president would visit China next week，which cleaned up all doubts.A. concluded B. advised C. demanded D. confirmed【答案】D【解析】confirm 確認；conclude 結(jié)束；advise 建議；demand 要求。句意：新聞發(fā)言人確認了總統(tǒng)將于下周訪問中國，這消除了一切懷疑。故只有 D 項符合題意。15.Martys disability is “one in a million”. _,there are not many people in the world like him.A. In other words B. All in all C. For one thing D. On the other hand【答案】A【解析】句意：Marty 的障礙是“一百萬分之一”。換句話說，世界上不是很多人都像他那樣。in otherwords“換句話說”，符合句意。三、完形填空。One day，while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer，Dad mentioned he'd always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were _1_.Like many other parents，mine were hard to _2_ for，so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something they'd _3_.I also thought two would be even better.I checked the _4_ at work and decided it was a bit more than I could _5_but all of my siblings(兄弟姊妹)agreed to give some money to buy the trees.In northern Ohio，you don't plant maple trees at Christmas，so we decided to _6_ Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground _7_.We asked my aunt if she'd help us with the “_8_”，and she called my parents _9_ to say she was coming for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sisters­in­law went into _10_，planning a big holiday turkey dinner.On the _11_ Sunday，we all met at my house and _12_ the trees into a truck.I _13_ as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents' house，Dad was _14_ something was wrong first.He and Mom were amazed when we told them _15_ we were there.When Christmas _16_，of course，we couldn't go to our parents' house empty­handed，so Mom and Dad got _17_ presents that year.Almost half a century later，I _18_ drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big，handsome _19_ and remember giving a special _20_ to special people at Christmas in October.1A.distinctiveBfragrantCexpensive Dpretty2A.shop BrepresentCanswer Dcare3A.deserve BappreciateCadvertise Dimagine4A.result BnumberCprice Dexpress5A.afford BexpectCfancy Dhandle6A.frighten BassistCsurprise Dreward7A.warmed BfrozeCsoftened Ddarkened8A.trick BpurchaseCchoice Ddecoration9A.in advance Bin timeCby accident Don purpose10A.service BactionCeffect Dproduction11A.regular BseparateCgiven Dchosen12A.sorted BloadedCtransported Dtransplanted13A.dressed up Bpassed offClooked on Dstarted out14A.delighted BannoyedCdisappointed Dconvinced15A.when BhowCwhy Dwhether16A.came around Bdropped outCturned up Ddrew in17A.generous BadditionalCdouble Dspecial18A.even BjustConce Dstill19A.farms BtreesCtrucks Dyards20A.congratulation BgiftCdonation Dgreeting【解題導語】本文為記敘文，涉及家庭關(guān)系話題。作者講述了自己和親人們一起用特別的方式給其父母帶來驚喜的經(jīng)歷。1D上文提及父親想要在庭院種植一棵楓樹，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此處應(yīng)是母親也欣然同意，認為楓樹很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive“與眾不同的”；fragrant“芳香的”。2A根據(jù)上文的“Like many other parents, mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下來介紹的作者兄弟姊妹幾人為父母買禮物的內(nèi)容可知，此處指作者覺得給父母買東西是很難的，故選shop“購物”。3B根據(jù)上文的“Dad mentioned he'd always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.”及下文介紹的為父母買禮物的內(nèi)容可知，此處指作者認為這是一個給父母買他們欣賞的東西的好機會。deserve“值得，應(yīng)得”；appreciate“感激，欣賞”；advertise“為做廣告”；imagine“想象”。4C根據(jù)下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姊妹)agreed to give some money to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班時查看了一下楓樹的價格(price)，認為它的價格比自己能支付得起(afford)的還要高一點。express“快遞”。5A參見上題解析。6C從下文作者聯(lián)合其姑姑來幫忙實施這個計劃以及計劃具體實施的內(nèi)容可知，作者他們想給父母一個驚喜(surprise)。assist“幫助，協(xié)助”。7B根據(jù)上下文語境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you don't plant maple trees at Christmas”“a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他們決定在土地上凍之前讓父母度過一個特別的圣誕節(jié)。freeze“結(jié)冰”符合語境。soften“變軟，軟化”。8A根據(jù)上下文語境可知，作者詢問姑姑是否可以幫忙實施這個“騙局(trick)”。9A根據(jù)上下文語境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)給作者的父母打電話說她會在周日來拜訪。in time“及時”；by accident“意外地”；on purpose“故意地”。10B根據(jù)下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner”可知，隨后，作者的姊妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行動起來。go into action“行動起來”符合語境。go into service“投入使用”；go into effect“生效”；go into production“投產(chǎn)”。11D根據(jù)語境可知，作者和親人們在選定的(chosen)那個周日聚到自己家里。regular“慣常的，有規(guī)律的”。12B根據(jù)下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他們把樹裝上(loaded)卡車。transport“運輸，運送”；transplant“移植”。13A根據(jù)下文的“as Santa Claus”可知，作者把自己裝扮(dressed up)成圣誕老人。pass sb./sth.off as“把冒充為”；look on sb./sth.as“把當做”；start out as“以開始，起初是”。14D根據(jù)上下文語境及句中的“something was wrong first”可知，作者的父親一開始堅信哪里出了問題。convinced“確信，堅信”符合語境。15C根據(jù)語境可知，當我們告訴他們我們?yōu)槭裁?why)會在那里的時候，父母感到很吃驚。16A根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，當又到圣誕節(jié)時，作者他們?nèi)ヌ酵改?。come around“再次出現(xiàn)，再度發(fā)生”；drop out“退出”；turn up“出現(xiàn)”；draw in“(白天變得)漸短”。17C根據(jù)上文的“In northern Ohio, you don't plant maple trees at Christmas so we decided to.with a special Christmas in October”可知，作者他們在十月份的時候已經(jīng)為父母送上了一份特別的圣誕節(jié)禮物，而在真正的圣誕節(jié)到來的時候，他們又不能空手去拜訪自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了雙份的(double)圣誕節(jié)禮物。additional“額外的”。18D根據(jù)上下文語境可知，時隔幾乎半個世紀之后，當作者看到那些高大、漂亮的楓樹(trees)時依然(still)會面帶微笑地駛過那個農(nóng)場。19B參見上題解析。20B作者看著那些楓樹時，會想起自己多年前在特別的圣誕節(jié)送給父母特別的禮物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是關(guān)鍵提示。donation“捐贈物”；greeting“問候”。四、短文改錯。Last week，I take part in the Cultural Exchange Week.I enjoyed myself in England.I visited the city museum and several place of interest，which made me have better understanding of the English society，culture and history.What's more，I was luckily enough to meet my pen friend Tom there.I stayed at his home.And I'll never forget the days when we spent together.When I left England，he offered to me a dictionary for a gift.It's of great help for me to learn English.I will make full use of them and learn English good.I hope Tom will come to China when it's convenience for him!【答案】Last week，I part in the Cultural Exchange Week.I enjoyed myself in England.I visited the city museum and several of interest，which made me have better understanding of the English society，culture and history.What's more，I was enough to meet my pen friend Tom there.I stayed at his home.And I'll never forget the days 或 we spent together.When I left England，he offered me a dictionary a gift.It's of great help for me to learn English.I will make full use of and learn English .I hope Tom will come to China when it's for him!第一處：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“l(fā)ast week”可知，此處敘述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故將take改為took。第二處：考查名詞的復數(shù)。place of interest意為“名勝古跡”，其中place是可數(shù)名詞，前面有several修飾，應(yīng)用其復數(shù)形式。故將place改為places。第三處：考查冠詞。have a better understanding of.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“對有更好的了解”。故在better之前加a。第四處：考查形容詞。luckily是副詞，意為“幸運地”，用來修飾動詞或者形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。故將luckily改為lucky。第五處：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，從句“we spent together”中缺少賓語，補充完整是：we spent the days together。when引導定語從句時作時間狀語。因此應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞引導該定語從句，在從句中作賓語，故可將when改為that/which；當關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時，可以省略，故也可去掉when。第六處：考查介詞。動詞offer是及物動詞，可直接接賓語。offer sb.sth.意為“給某人提供某物”，不需要加介詞。故去掉to。第七處：考查介詞。介詞for通常后接對象，意為“為，給，對而言”；as作介詞時，意為“作為，以身份”。此處指他給了“我”一本字典作為禮物。故將for改為as。第八處：考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)用it指代上文中提到的a dictionary，表示單數(shù)概念。故將them改為it。第九處：考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞learn，表示學好英語。故將good改為well。第十處：考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。it's convenient for sb.為固定句型，意為“對某人來說很方便”。故將convenience改為convenient。11