（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標題歸納題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版

《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標題歸納題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（江蘇專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題3 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標題歸納題學(xué)案 牛津譯林版（21頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、一、標題歸納題 (2019·江蘇，D) The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer’s(阿爾茲海默癥).Hewaslosinghismemory. Asoftwareengineerbyprofession，Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano，andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion，thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily. Melissa，hisdaughter，felti

2、tmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic，towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather. Naomi，Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist，gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp. “Whydothis？”Stevewondered. “Becauseshecares，”Melissasaid. Steven

3、odded，tearineye. NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench，handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys. Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano.Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses，heartsinking.ButStevepressedon，playingforthefirsttimeinhisl

4、ifeforastranger. “Itwasbeautiful，”Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.” Herresponsibility，herprivilege，wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwasstillinSteveGoodwin.Itwashiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked. NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclums

5、ilyonthepiano，andthenshe’dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano，eyesclosed，listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse. SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcode：lines，beats，intervals，movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn’tpl

6、ayit. WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday，Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording，arecordingoflossandlove，ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower”. Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts.Stevestruggling，searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“h

7、oney”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard，andSteve，angryandupset，saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim，tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece. Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite，andmostpersonal，songs.WithNaomi’shelp，theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve’ssongs.Jonithou

8、ghtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t. Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert，Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind：“MelancholyFlower”. ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.Heconsid

9、ereditanhonor. Aftertheconcert，NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve’smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic. ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow，morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend. Bythen，Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenameso

10、fsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace. Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow，surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位父親因為患阿爾茲海默癥而逐漸失去記憶，女兒珍視父親為她在兒時演奏過的那些陪她入睡的音樂，為了讓這溫暖的“獨家音樂”不失傳，她請懂音樂的朋友把父親的音樂錄制下來。

11、65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic? A.Hismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening. B.Shewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather. C.Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily. D.Shewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，父親Steve是一位鋼琴愛好者，是家里唯一一位音樂家，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Melissa，hisdaughter，fel

12、titmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic，towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.”可知，父親Steve的音樂陪伴了Melissa的成長，因此Melissa覺得它對于這個家庭有著特別的意義，值得被保存，故本題答案為C。 66.AfterhearingSteve’splaying，Naomi. A.refusedtomakeacommentonit B.wasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusic C.decidedtofreeStevefromsuffering D.regrettedoffe

13、ringhelptoherfriend 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第十段“‘Itwasbeautiful，’Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.‘Themusicwasworthsaving.’”可知，聽完Steve的演奏之后，Naomi對他的音樂很是贊賞，故本題答案為B。 67.HowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed? A.Itwasslowbutproductive. B.Itwasbeneficialtohishealth. C.ItwastiresomeforNaomi. D

14、.ItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十二段“NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano，andthenshe’dtakehisplace.”及第十四段“WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong...”可知，音樂的錄制過程雖然緩慢，但是頗有成效，故本題答案為A。 68.

15、BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower”，hiswifeJoni. A.thoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted B.didn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtabout C.didn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusic D.broughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfection 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第七段最后兩句“Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitw

16、asn’t.”以及下文中提到“Steve的音樂在音樂會上被演奏并得到認可及其對Steve的影響”可知，Joni之前并沒有充分意識到Steve的音樂的價值。故本題答案為C。 69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland? A.Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness. B.Hesensedaresponsibilityformusic. C.Heregainedhisfaithinmusic. D.Hegotintoastateofquiet. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段的內(nèi)容尤其是倒

17、數(shù)第二段中的“Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.”可知，在音樂會上，他的心情很平靜。故本題答案為D。 70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage? A.TheKindnessofFriends B.ThePowerofMusic C.TheMakingofaMusician D.TheValueofDetermination 答案　B 解析　標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第九段中的“WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.”可知，音樂錄制給父親帶來了巨大的改變，甚至激發(fā)了他創(chuàng)作歌曲的信念。由此可

18、知，“音樂的力量”最適合作本文標題。 一、題型解讀 記敘文、說明文和議論文三種文體涉及的不同話題的閱讀材料都會考查到標題歸納題。一個好的標題應(yīng)具備三大特點：概括——準確而又簡短；針對性——標題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符；醒目——能引發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望。設(shè)問形式常有： (1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage? (2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text? (3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage? (4)Themostsuitabletitleo

19、fthispassageis. 二、解題技巧 1.“高度概括”定標題 (1)所選文章標題須能概括全文的中心內(nèi)容。標題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。為吸引讀者的注意，標題往往比較醒目。 (2)一般文章的標題可根據(jù)主題句來判斷，但在某些文章中，如記敘文，沒有明確的主題句，需要根據(jù)文中的事實細節(jié)，查找文章的“主線”，歸納出文章的主題。 2.文章標題三特點 (1)一般為單詞、短語或句子形式，短語居多； (2)短小精悍，精確性強； (3)涵蓋性強，能覆蓋全文大意。 例如：【真題感悟】中第70題，通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第九段中的“WorkingwithNaomididwonders

20、forSteve.”可知，音樂錄制給父親帶來了巨大的改變，甚至激發(fā)了他創(chuàng)作歌曲的信念。由此可知，“音樂的力量”最適合作本文標題。 A Laughterispartofthe1universalhumanvocabulary.Allmembersofthehumanspeciesunderstandit.UnlikeEnglishorFrenchorSwahili，wedon’thavetolearntospeakit.We’rebornwiththecapacitytolaugh. Verylittleisknownaboutthespecificbrainmechanismsres

21、ponsibleforlaughter.5Contrarytofolkwisdom，mostlaughterisnotabouthumor；itisaboutrelationships.12Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.Overa10-yearperiod，westudiedover2,000casesofnaturally10occurringlaughter. Wefoundthatmos

22、tlaughterdoesnotnecessarilyfollowjokes.Peoplemaylaughafteravarietyofstatements，suchas，“HerecomesMary.”“Howdidyoudoonthetest？”or“Doyouhavearubberband？”Thesecertainlyaren’tjokes. Webelievelaughter6evolvedfromthepanting(喘氣的) behaviorofourancientancestors.Today，ifwetickle (使發(fā)癢) chimps，theydon’tlaugh.Bu

23、t，instead，theyproduceapantingsound.That’sthesoundofapelaughter，andit’stherootofhumanlaughter. Apeslaughinthekindsofsituationsthatleadtohumanlaughter，likegamesthatinvolvechasing.Otheranimalsproducesoundsduringplay，buttheyaresodifferentfromlaughter.Rats，forexample，producehighsoundsduringplayandwhenti

24、ckled，buttheseareverydifferentinsoundfromhumanlaughter. Laughterisoftenpositive，butitcanbenegativetoo.There’sadifferencebetween“l(fā)aughingwith”and“l(fā)aughingat”.Peoplewholaughatothersmaybetryingtodrivethemoutofthegroup. Noonehasactuallycountedhowmuchpeopleofdifferentageslaugh，butyoungchildrenprobablyl

25、aughthemost.Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless. Worknow2underwaywilltellusmoreaboutthebrainmechanismsbehindlaughter，howithasevolved，andwhywe’resosusceptibletotickling. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是世上最溫暖的語言。本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個話題。 1

26、.Whatwasthepurposeofthedecade’sresearch? A.Toprovethatpeoplelaughbecauseofhumor. B.Tofindouttherealreasonforpeople’slaughter. C.Toresearchpeople’sdifferentreactiononjokes. D.Torecordconversationsamongshoppersinmalls. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的“thedecade’sresearch”可定位至文章第二段最后兩句，由該段倒數(shù)第二句“Tofindoutwhena

27、ndwhypeoplelaugh...”可知，這十年的研究是為了弄清楚人類什么時候以及為什么會笑。故B項正確。 2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext? A.Peoplewhoplaymoretendtolaughmore. B.Apesproducehighsoundswhentickled. C.Scientistsknowthebrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughterwell. D.Thesituationsinwhichapeslaughareverydifferentfromthoseinwhichhumanslaugh.

28、 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.”可知，玩得越多的人笑得越多。A項正確。 3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inthelastparagraphprobablymean? A.Sensitive. B.Flexible. C.Addictive. D.Reliable. 答案　A 解析　詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系上下

29、文可知susceptible(易受影響的，敏感的)與sensitive的意思最為接近。故選A。 4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext? A.TheImpactofLaughter B.TheMeaningofLaughter C.ABigMystery：WhyDoWeLaugh? D.Laughter：TheMostBeautifulWord 答案　C 解析　標題歸納題。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是世上最溫暖的語言，本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個話題。故C項為最佳標題。 B Mostpeoplewhoownmobi

30、lephonesusethemastheiralarmclocks—makingitveryeasytocheckemailsonelasttimebeforefallingasleepandhardtoeverfeelawayfromworkandsocialnetworks. Severalyearsago，mybossfainteddueto7exhaustionafterstayinguplatetocatchuponwork.Shebangedherheadandendedupwithfivestitches(縫針)—andbecamewhatshecallsa“sleepevan

31、gelist(傳教士)”.Nowsheleaveshermobilephone11charginginanotherroomwhenshegoestobedandencouragesherfriendstodothesame. “IsentallmyfriendsthesameChristmasgift—alovelyalarmclock—sotheycouldstopusingtheexcusethattheyneededtheirveryattractivemobilephonesbytheirbedstowakethemupinthemorning，”shesaid. Ifyourm

32、obilephonewakesyouupinthemorning，itmayalsobekeepingyouupatnight.A2008studyshowedthatpeopleexposedtomobileradiationtooklongertofallasleepandspentlesstimeindeepsleep.“13Thestudy8indicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdaily3wear

33、andtearare9severelyaffected，”thestudyconcluded. Aquarterofyoungpeoplefeelliketheymustbeavailablebymobilephone4aroundtheclock，accordingtoaSwedishstudythatlinkedheavycellphoneusetosleepingproblems，stressanddepression.Unreturnedmessagescarrymoreguiltwhenthetechnologytodealwiththemliesatourfingertips.S

34、ometeensevenreturntextmessagesatmidnight. Mostofuschoosenottosetlimitsonournighttimeavailability.Nearlythreequartersofpeoplefromtheageof18to44sleepwiththeirmobilephoneswithinreach，accordingtoa2012Timepoll.Thatnumberfallsoffslightlyinmiddleage，butonlypeopleaged65andolderareleavingtheirmobilephonesin

35、anotherroomascommonassleepingrightnexttoit. 語篇解讀　本文屬于科普類說明文，講述現(xiàn)在越來越多的人在睡覺的時候把手機放在旁邊，這會嚴重影響人們的睡眠質(zhì)量，有些人已經(jīng)選擇把手機放在其他地方來保證自己的睡眠質(zhì)量。 5.Whydidtheauthor’sbossstarttoenjoysleeping? A.Herfriendsencouragedhertosleepontime. B.Mobilephonescouldn’twakeherupontime. C.Herfriendssentheralovelyclocktowakeherup.

36、 D.Shegothurtduetoworkingtoolate. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，作者的老板由于熬夜趕工而筋疲力盡暈倒在地，并且頭部縫了五針，最終她成為“睡眠傳教士”，鼓勵大家多睡覺。因此作者的老板開始享受睡眠是因為受到了傷害，故選D。 6.Whydidtheauthor’sbossgiveherfriendsalarmclocksasChristmasgifts? A.Alarmclocksdon’tgiveoffanyradiation. B.Alarmclocksarebetteratwakingherfriendsup. C.Shead

37、visedthemtoreplacemobilephoneswithalarmclocks. D.Sheusedalarmclockstoremindthemnottoworktoolate. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，作者的老板送給朋友鬧鐘是為了不再讓他們用把手機當鬧鐘的借口而影響睡眠，讓他們用鬧鐘來替代手機，故選C。 7.Whatcanwelearnfromthe2008study? A.Mobileradiationmakespeopleunabletofallasleep. B.Mobilephonescanrelease884MHzwiredsignal

38、s. C.Sleepcanhelppeoplefightagainstradiation. D.Componentsofsleepcanbeseriouslyaffectedbywirelesssignals. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected...”可知，20

39、08年的一份研究表明，在實驗中暴露于884兆赫的無線信號中，修復(fù)白天身體損耗很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴重影響。由此可知，無線電信號會嚴重影響睡眠質(zhì)量，故選D。 8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? A.HowMobilePhonesAffectSleep B.WhyAlarmClocksAreBetterthanPhones C.HowWeCanSleepBetteratNight D.HowMobilePhonesAffectHealth 答案　A 解析　標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文闡述越來越多的人在睡覺的時候把手機放在旁邊，這會嚴重影響其睡眠

40、質(zhì)量，闡述了手機與睡眠的關(guān)系，故選A。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1.Thereisauniversalloveforbasketballinthecountryamongallwalksoflife.普遍的，全體的 2.PreparationsforthearrivaloftheseniorrepresentativefromtheUNarealreadyunderway. 在進行中的 3.Theseproductscanstandwearandtear，whichwilldefinitelybeattractiveinthemark

41、et.磨損 4.Somestoresstayopenaroundtheclock，whileothersdobusinessforonlyafewhoursaday. 夜以繼日地，晝夜不停地 (二)同義詞語替換 5.Contrarytothebeliefthatrockmusicisalwaysangryandnoisy，histrademark(標志性的) styleisquietbutpowerful.opposedto 6.Thecompanyhasevolvedovertheyearsintoamulti-milliondollarorganization.developed

42、 7.Therearemanysymptomsofdepression.Theyincludelackofsleep，strongfeelingofexhaustion，anddifficultyconcentratingthroughouttheday.tiredness 8.Researchindicatesthatover81%ofteachersaredissatisfiedwiththeirsalaries.shows 9.Theschoolbuildingswereseverelydamagedintheearthquakeandstudentshadtostudyatalo

43、calcompany，whichchangeditsworkshopintoatemporaryclassroom.seriously (三)一詞多義 10.occurv.發(fā)生；被想起 (1)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.發(fā)生 (2)Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.被想起 11.chargev.&n.主管，負責n.費用v.收費；控告；充電；進攻 (1)Whenlionsarehidingforanatt

44、ackbyawaterhole，theywaitpatientlyandcanchargeatanysecond.v.進攻 (2)CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease？n.主管，負責 (3)Doyouthinkmuseumsshouldchargeforadmission？v.收費 (4)Sheischargedwithmurderingherhusband.v.控告 (5)Themonthlychargeforthisserviceisonly$29，whichisquitereasonable.n.費用

45、(6)Itbecamearoutineforustochargeourphonefrequentlyeveninaday.v.充電 Ⅱ.長難句理解 12.Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed. [句式分析]　本句為主從復(fù)合句。句首的Tofindout是目的狀語，句子的主語是I，謂語動詞went和recorded由and連接。what引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。 [精美譯文]　為了弄清楚人們發(fā)笑的時間和原因

46、，我和幾個助手去了當?shù)氐馁徫镏行模涗浟巳藗儼l(fā)笑之前的事情。 13.Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected. [句式分析]　本句為復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，主語是componentsofsleep，areseverelyaffected是被動結(jié)構(gòu)；believedtobeimportantfor

47、recoveryfromdailywearandtear是過去分詞作定語，這本身是一個句型：sb./sth.be said/believed/reported to do，表示“據(jù)說/據(jù)認為/據(jù)報道”。 [精美譯文]　該研究表明，在實驗室里暴露于884兆赫無線信號時，被認為對日常(身體)損耗的恢復(fù)很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴重影響。 強化練(二十四) Ⅰ.單項填空 1.—Iinthesamepositiontoolong.Mylegshavefallenasleep. —Shakeitalittlebeforeyougetup.(2019·泰州四模) A.willsit B.havesa

48、t C.amsitting D.havebeensitting 答案　D 解析　句意為：——我在相同的位置坐得太久了，腿麻了。——站起來之前動一動。分析句意可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示從過去某一時間開始一直在進行的動作，并有可能持續(xù)下去，其形式為：have/hasbeendoingsth.。故D選項正確。 2.Thehealthofgardenplantsdependsonthesoil—theproperbalanceofmineralpieces，organicmatter，airandwater.(2019·南京市鹽城市高三一模) A.construction B.cons

49、ervation C.corporation D.composition 答案　D 解析　句意為：園林植物的健康取決于土壤的組成——礦物質(zhì)、有機物質(zhì)、空氣和水的適當平衡。construction建設(shè)，建筑；conservation保存，保護；corporation法人，公司；composition組成，成分。根據(jù)句意可知選D。 3.Thatwomanwasalittlevagueatthetimebutsaidsomethingtotheeffectthatshetheprojectwithinthreedays. A.finished B.willfinish C.wouldfi

50、nish D.willhavefinished 答案　C 解析　句意為：那位女士當時有點含糊其詞，不過大意是說她會在三天之內(nèi)完成這個項目。根據(jù)句中的“was”“said”以及“withinthreedays”可知，此處表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去將來時。故選C。 4.Herdoctorindicatedthatevenaddinga(n) amountofdailyexercisewoulddramaticallyimproveherhealth.(2019·南京市鹽城市高三一模) A.modest B.equal C.considerable D.exact 答

51、案　A 解析　句意為：她的醫(yī)生表示，即使每天增加適度的鍛煉，也會極大地改善她的健康狀況。modest謙遜的，不大的，適度的；equal相等的，平等的；considerable相當多的，相當大的；exact準確的，精確的。根據(jù)句意可知選A。 5.Fathers’lovefortheirkidsseemstobeabitstrictandtough；，mothers’loveseemstobelovingandcaring. A.anyway B.meanwhile C.moreover D.otherwise 答案　B 解析　句意為：父親對孩子的愛似乎有點嚴厲和強硬；相比之下，母親的

52、愛似乎充滿了愛和關(guān)懷。meanwhile與此同時，對比之下，符合語境。anyway盡管，無論如何；moreover此外，而且；otherwise除此之外，否則。 6.Mostsuccessfulpeoplethinkaboutthingsinnewanddifferentways：theyseeanopenwindow________othersseeacloseddoor. A.where B.if C.once D.unless 答案　A 解析　句意為：大多數(shù)成功人士以新的和不同的方式思考事物：他們在別人看到一扇關(guān)閉的門的地方看到的是一扇敞開的窗戶。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)

53、狀語從句，且在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用where。故選A。 7.Describedasa“l(fā)andmarkpartnership”，thedealbetweenSTATSportsandtheChineseFootballAssociationaspartofChina’spushforhostingandwinningaWorldCupby2050. A.sees B.wasseen C.isseen D.istosee 答案　C 解析　句意為：STATSports與中國足球協(xié)會之間的協(xié)議被稱為“具有里程碑意義的合作伙伴關(guān)系”，它被視為中國努力在2050年之前主辦和贏得一次世界杯的一

54、部分。根據(jù)句意可知，此處陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；又see與thedeal之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選C。 8.—，Bob？You’vebeensoupsetallmorning. —Icrashedmyfather’scar. A.What’seatingyou B.Whataboutyou C.Howareyou D.Howdoyoudo 答案　A 解析　句意為：——你怎么啦，鮑勃？你一早上都很沮喪?！易矇牧宋野职值能?。what’seatingyou你怎么了，是什么讓你心煩，符合語境。whataboutyou你呢；howareyou你好嗎；howdoyoudo

55、你好。 9.Somepeopleinvestigatedsaytheyprefertheoldergreentrainsmovingataslowerpace，whichallowpassengerstothebeautifulsceneryoutside. A.describe B.imagine C.appreciate D.recall 答案　C 解析　句意為：接受調(diào)查的一些人稱，他們更喜歡那些行進速度稍慢的、古老一些的綠皮火車，那些火車使得乘客能夠欣賞外面的美景。appreciate欣賞，符合語境。describe描述；imagine想象；recall回想起。 10.Wor

56、ldFoodDayiscelebratedeveryyeararoundtheworldonOct.16，thedateofthefoundingoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNationsin1945. A.indefenseof B.insearchof C.infavorof D.inhonorof 答案　D 解析　句意為：聯(lián)合國糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織于1945年10月16日成立，為紀念這一天，世界各地的人們把每年的這一天作為“世界糧食日”來慶祝。inhonorof為了紀念，符合語境。indefenseof為保衛(wèi)，保護；ins

57、earchof搜尋，尋找；infavorof支持。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (2019·宿遷市高三期末) Itisapsychologicalstrategythatallparentswillbefamiliarwith：insteadofscoldingamisbehavingchild，focusinsteadinrewardingthemforgoodbehaviour. Nowtheideaiswellreceivedoutsidethenursery，withimplicationsforeverythingfromrecyclingclothestopolicing. Co

58、nsumersendupwithpilesofunwantedclothes.EveryyearintheUK，300,000tonnesendsupinlandfill—235millionindividualitems. Nowhowever，appssuchasReGain，RegiveandStuffstraremakingitsimpler—andmoreworthwhile—forpeopletoreturntheirunwantedclobber. TheReGainappcanbeusedtofindoneof20,000drop-offpoints.Inreturn，th

59、ediligentconsumerearnsrewardssuchasdiscountcouponsforhighstreetretailers.StuffstrworksinpartnershipwithJohnLewistohelppeoplegetcashinreturnforunwanteditemsfromthechain. “Possiblytheonepredictionthatweeconomistsgetrightisthatifyouincentivise(激勵) abehaviour，youwillgetmoreofit，”saysDrMatthewLevy，alect

60、urerineconomicsattheLondonSchoolofEconomics. Hecitesresearch，includinghisown，showingthatfinancialincentivesencouragingregularexercise，stoppingsmokingandlosingweighteffectivelypromotehealthybehavioursandthatthereisnobacklashwhentheincentivesareremoved.“Ifanything，theincentivescanbeusedtojump-startah

61、ealthyhabitthatkeepsgoing，”hesays. Inthefourmonthsafteritslaunch，theReGainschemereceivedalmost17,000parcelscontaining47tonnesofusedclothesandshoes，ofwhich95%couldpotentiallybereused，accordingtoitsfounderJackOstrowski. “Weneedtofindawaytoinfluencebehaviour，anddiscountcouponshelp，”hesays.Theplatform

62、isalsoworkingwithbrandsandretailerstofindwaystodivertusedclothesfromlandfillsandintotheproductionofnewclothes，headds. Otherrewardschemeshavehadsuccessinencouragingbehaviouralchange. WhenpoliceinCanadaissued“positivetickets”—couponsforfreefoodormovietickets—torewardgoodbehaviouramongyoungpeople，the

63、yreportedanalmost50%dropinyouth-relatedservicecalls. “Myofficerswouldsay‘Intheolddayswe’ddriveupinthepolicecarandthekidswouldrunawayfromus，nowtheyruntous’.” Inasimilarventure，Hullcitycouncilhaveannouncedplanstolaunchadigitalrewardtoken—theHullCoin—thatcanbeearnedbyvolunteeringandspentatlocalretail

64、ers. Elsewhere，astudyontherecruitmentofhealthworkersinZambiafoundthathighlightingeconomicincentivesduringtherecruitmentprocesscausedfutureemployeestobemoremotivatedandtask-focused. “Obviouslydifferentgroupsaremotivatedbydifferentfactors，”saysOstrowski.“Forsome，the‘feelgood’factorisenough，andforoth

65、ers，thatrewardstimulusisrequired.” 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是所有父母都熟悉的一種心理策略：與其責罵行為不端的孩子，不如專注于獎勵他們的良好行為。 11.DrMatthewLevymightagreethat. A.thereisanundesiredeffectwhentheincentivesareremoved B.economistsalwaysmakesomepredictionstoconvincepeople C.usedclotheswouldberecycledviaincentives，otherwiseinla

66、ndfill D.financialincentivesarethekeytopeople’sgettingridofbadhabits 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句“‘Ifanything，theincentivescanbeusedtojump-startahealthyhabitthatkeepsgoing，’hesays.”可知，DrMatthewLevy可能同意舊衣服可以通過激勵措施回收，否則就會被扔進垃圾填埋場。故選C。 12.ThebenefitsoffinancialstimulusarementionedEXCEPT. A.increasingthesalesofclothingandfood B.youngpeople’sbehavingwellinpublic C.leadingtopeople’sdisgustatsmoking D.futureemployees’concentratingontasks 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第八段可知A項提到了；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五、六、七三段可知B項提到了；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知D項提到