2020年高考英語 專題十四 書面表達(dá)說明類專練（含解析）

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1、專題十四 書面表達(dá)說明類專練 （90分鐘 95分） 考點01：冠詞 3顆星 考點02：代詞 3顆星 考點03：介詞和介詞短語 2顆星 考點04: 名詞 3顆星 考點05：主謂一致 5顆星 考點06：形容詞和副詞 5顆星 考點08：非謂語動詞 5顆星 考點09：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài) 5顆星 考點10：定語從句 3顆星 考點13 狀語從句 3顆星 考點14 特殊句式 2顆星 考點32: 書面表達(dá)說明文5顆星 書面表達(dá)（每題25分，共50分） 1.（考點32中難）假定你是李華,你班的美國交換生Tom結(jié)束了在你校一年的學(xué)習(xí),即將回國。你和同學(xué)打算

2、于7月10日下午在班上為他開一個歡送會(farewell party),特寫信邀請他參加。要點包括: 1.歡送會的時間和地點;??? 2.感謝Tom的幫助;??? 3.美好祝愿;???????????????????????????????????????????????? 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右; ????? 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫; ????? 3.開頭語已為你寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Tom, How time flies! It's one year since you came to study Chinese in our school. ____

3、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4、_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2.（考點32中難）假定你是李華,你的外國筆友Tom對中國功夫很感興趣。他給你發(fā)來電子郵件,告訴你他想在暑假期間來中國的少林寺學(xué)習(xí)少林功夫,體驗中國文化。請根據(jù)下面的提示,給Tom寫一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括: 1.?歡迎他來中國; 2.?介紹如何到達(dá)河南登封:先坐飛機到鄭州新鄭機場,再坐汽車到少林寺; 3

5、.?如何選擇所學(xué)課程; 4.?其他建議。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.?可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫; 3.?開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Tom, ??? I’m glad to know that you are coming to China?___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

6、____________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 語法填空（每題1.5分，共45分） 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的

7、正確形式。 （1） According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ①_________ 考點06 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long ②_________考點08 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ?③_________ 考點08 (die) ear

8、ly by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ④?_________ 考點05 (be) more effective at lengthening life??⑤_________ 考點03 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ⑥_________ 考點10 showed a mere five to 10

9、 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ⑦_(dá)________ 考點04 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ⑧_________ (strength) your leg m

10、uscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ⑨_________考點06 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ⑩_________考點02 a try. （2） Diets have changed in Ch

11、ina—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ①__________?考點09 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ?②__________考點01 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is ③__________考點06 (actual) behind the change:An importan

12、t part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice④__________考點08 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ?⑤__________??rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decrea

13、sed⑥__________ 考點04 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ⑦_(dá)_______ 考點06 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—wh

14、en the government ⑧__________考點09 (start) a soil-testing program ⑨__________考點10 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.China’s approach to protecting its envir

15、onment while ⑩__________考點14 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. （3） ??? The ancient wisdom of Confucius is timeless. His thinking ①__________考點09( influence) the Chinese for thousands of years. However, E

16、nglish teaching seems to be one place ②__________考點10 his wisdom is forgotten. ??? I came to China 6 years ago, and quickly saw the plight (困境) of so many students ③__________考點08 (struggle) to learn English. They know a lot “about” English,?④__________they never master the language. They learned f

17、ar more grammar than students in Western cultures and almost no oral training.? They were made ⑤__________考點08 (recite) sentences and passages from their books. Their teachers were spending 90% of the class talking to them “about” English in Chinese. ??? All effective language teaching in the world

18、 is built ??⑥__________考點03 the basis of oral language. Students who excel in English are those that follow the wisdom of Confucius: they use language! ??? They use it primarily by speaking and listening,? ⑦_(dá)_________考點06 (eventual) supplemented (補充) by reading and writing. Every language is taught

19、 by gaining speaking competence long before grammar, reading and writing⑧__________考點09 (introduce). ??? Chinese students work so hard.?⑨__________考點13 they learned English with correct spoken instructions and classroom practice, they would have the⑩__________考點06 (high) English scores in the world

20、 and they would conquer English.??? 參考答案 一、書面表達(dá) 1. Dear Tom, How time flies! It's one year since you came to study Chinese in our school. In the past year,you have helped us a lot, without which we couldn't have made great progress in English. During this year, we have lear

21、ned lots of cultures about your country that cannot be found in the book. Before you leave, many classmates and I intend to hold a farewell party for you, hoping that you can remember the wonderful time we spent together. By the way the party will be held in our classroom on the afternoon of July 1

22、0th. May you have a pleasant journey home and welcome to China again. We are looking forward to your coming. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2. Dear Tom, ??? I'm glad to know that you are coming to China?to?learn Shaolin Kung Fu.?I'm writing to?offer you some advice. ??? As you know, the Sha

23、olin Temple is located in Dengfeng, Henan Province, which is famous for Chinese kung fu. When you come to China, the destination?of your flight should be Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport, which is in the suburb of Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province. Then you can take a bus to the Shaol

24、in Temple. There are all kinds of short courses for you to choose from, and you can visit its website for detailed information. ??? Remember that it is hard to practice Chinese kung fu, especially in the beginning. And the life there seems boring because you have to practice all the time. ??? If y

25、ou need further information, please let me know. Yours, Li Hua 解析：本文首段點明寫信原因,開門見山。第二段首先用兩個含有定語從句的長句介紹少林寺和機場的地理位置及交通的相關(guān)信息, 接下來告知湯姆可登錄網(wǎng)站查詢課程的相關(guān)信息文章末尾表達(dá)了對其學(xué)功夫的一些提醒,體現(xiàn)出作者對友人的關(guān)心,本篇文章句式靈活,句與句之間過渡自然,其中which is famous for Chinese kung fu 及 which is in the suburb of Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Provi

26、nce 等句子使文章句式豐富,并且整合了零散的信息,使文章層次分明,清晰地表達(dá)出了作者的寫作目的。 二、語法填空 （1）答案： 1. longer 2. to see 3. dying 4. is 5. than 6. that/which 7. causes 8. strengthen 9. energetic 10. it/running 解析： 1. 考查副詞的比較級。句中有than,故用long的比較級 longer。 2. 考查非謂語動詞。本句有謂語,因此此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞; 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知,此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式to see

27、作目的狀語。 3. 考查非謂語動詞。短語reduce one’s risk of."降低某人……的風(fēng)險",此處介詞后用動詞-ing形式作賓語。 4. 考查動詞的時態(tài)。本文介紹了跑步的好處,通篇以一般現(xiàn)在時為主。本句賓語從句與主句的時態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致,故用一般現(xiàn)在時;且賓語從句的主語為it,故用is。 5. 考查介詞。根據(jù)句中的more可知,此處應(yīng)用介詞than引出比較對象。此處表示跑步比散步、騎行或游泳更能有效地延長壽命。 故填than。 6. 考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為a study,且定語從句缺少主語,故填關(guān)系代詞that/ which。 7. 考查名

28、詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處cause是可數(shù)名詞,意為"原因",句的all表示"所有",后應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填causes。 8. 考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為動詞不定式作目的狀語,故空填動詞strengthen,意為"增強,加強"。 9. 考查形容詞。and連接兩個并列分句，兩個分句都表示跑步的特征,and前的cheap和easy均為形容詞,故此處應(yīng)用形容詞energetic作表語,意為"需要能量的。劇烈的"。 10. 考查固定搭配。give it a try為固定搭配,意為"試一試",根據(jù)語境知,it指代running,故可填it或running。 （2）答案：ha

29、s grown; the; actually; to improve; than; pollution; global; started; that/which; feeding 解析： 本文是一篇說明文。文中講述了中國為保護環(huán)境在農(nóng)作物種植上做了一些變化并得到了世界上的知名認(rèn)識的認(rèn)可。 ①考查時態(tài)。since加時間點,主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意:2011年以來,中國種植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。 ②考查冠詞。句意:玉米產(chǎn)量在過去25年里增長了近125%,而大米只增長了7%。故是特指在過去的25年里。故填the。 ③考查副詞。句意:對肉的需求實際上是這種變化的背后原因。句

30、子結(jié)構(gòu)完整,用副詞修飾句子。故填actually。 ④考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了改善水質(zhì)政府鼓勵農(nóng)民種植玉米而不是大米。沒有連詞可以且謂語動詞是encourages,故improve應(yīng)該用非謂語動詞。此處表示目的,故用不定式。故填to improve。 ⑤考查連詞。句意:玉米比大米使用的水更少。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞less可知,填比較連詞。故填than。 ⑥考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:這一轉(zhuǎn)變減少了中國較大的湖泊和水庫的污染,使人們的飲用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名詞作賓語,故填pollution。 ⑦考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:中國約占全球化肥總消費量的30%。fertilizer consu

31、mption是名詞短語,故應(yīng)該用形容詞修飾。故填global。 ⑧考查謂語動詞。句意:在2005年政府開始了一項土壤測試項目。本句是when引導(dǎo)的定語從句,由于時間是2005年,故用過去時。故填started。 ⑨考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。根據(jù)空后的謂語動詞gives可知,該空缺少主語,指代program并且引導(dǎo)后面的句子。指物用that/which,故填that或者which。 ⑩考查省略句。句意:中國在養(yǎng)活了中國人民的同時又保護了環(huán)境。這一做法為全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食政策制定人提供了很有用的經(jīng)驗?？崭裉幈硎菊谶M(jìn)行的動作,while后面省略掉了China is,省略句的原則:在時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、,讓步狀語從句中,如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致且含有be動詞時,那么可以把主語和be動詞一塊省略。故填feeding。 （3）答案： has influenced; where; struggling; but; to recite; on; eventually; are introduced; if; highest 8