（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 3 Science versus nature知能演練輕松闖關 牛津譯林版必修5

《（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 3 Science versus nature知能演練輕松闖關 牛津譯林版必修5》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 3 Science versus nature知能演練輕松闖關 牛津譯林版必修5（13頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 Unit 3 Science versus nature A卷 單項填空 1．Brian had been ill for a long time and ________ he was behind in his work. A．normally　　　　　　　　 B．constantly C．consequently D．occasionally C　解析：句意：Brian病了很長時間， 因此他的工作落后了。 normally“通常地， 正常地”； constantly“不斷地， 時常地”； consequently“因此， 所以”； occasionally“偶

2、爾， 間或” 。 根據(jù)句意可知， C項正確。 2．I would appreciate it if you could________ my mistakes in the composition. A．point out B．point to C．point at D．point up A　解析：point out“指出”； point to“提到(重要的事或理由), 指向”； point at“指著”； point up“強調， 明確顯示”。 由句意可知A項正確。 3．When you talk about a person’s ________， you are r

3、eferring to the country, race, or social class of their parents or ancestors. A．origin B．nationality C．generation D．relation A　解析：句意：當你談論一個人的出身時， 往往指的是他父母或祖先所在的國家、種族或社會階層。 A項意為“出身”； B項意為“國籍”； C項意為“一代”； D項意為“關系” 。 故A項正確。 4．Sorry, I didn’t do it________. I only ________to help you. A．intenti

4、on; had intended B．by intention; had intended C．with intention; intended D．with intention; intend B　解析：句意：對不起， 我不是故意那樣做的， 我原本只是打算幫助你的。 by intention“故意地”； had intended to do“原打算做……” 。 5．My bicycle is not as ________ as it used to be, for the chain often locks on my way to school. A．flexible

5、B．sensitive C．a(chǎn)dmirable D．reliable D　解析：句意：我的自行車沒有以前那么靠得住了， 因為在上學途中車鏈經(jīng)?？ㄗ?。 A項意為“靈活的， 柔韌的”； B項意為“靈敏的；易被惹惱的”； C項意為“令人贊賞的”； D項意為“可依靠的， 可信賴的”。 根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。 6．But others oppose the idea ________ the belief that the construction work may cause air pollution. A．base on B．basing on C．based on D．b

6、ases on C　解析：based on是過去分詞短語作定語， 它和被修飾的名詞idea是被動關系。 7．It’s unwise of you not to________his suggestions, for he is an authority in this field. A．a(chǎn)dapt B．a(chǎn)dore C．a(chǎn)dopt D．a(chǎn)dvance C　解析：句意：你不采納他的建議是不明智的，因為他是這一領域里的權威。 adapt“適應； 改編”； adore“喜歡”； adopt“采納； 收養(yǎng)”； advance“前進； 增長” 。 8．________ by a f

7、lea, the baby kept on scratching the bite, ________ the bites infected. A．Bitten; to make B．To bite; to make C．Biting; making D．Bitten; making D　解析：bitten是過去分詞作原因狀語， 和句子的主語the baby是被動關系， making是現(xiàn)在分詞作結果狀語。 9．(2018·鹽城中學高三綜合測試)As young people, we should always take the lead________ the call of

8、 the government. A．in response to B．in relation to C．in regard to D．in addition to A　解析：句意：作為年輕人我們應該帶頭響應政府號召。in response to “響應； 回答”。 10．Most workers have heard the news that their products, with excellent quality and delicate skill, are enjoying growing ________ among the customers abroad.

9、　 A．favor B．dignity C．response D．profit A　解析：句意：很多工人已經(jīng)聽說了這個消息， 即他們的產(chǎn)品由于質量好、做工精致， 贏得了越來越多的國外客戶的青睞。 favor“偏愛， 支持”， 符合句意。 dignity“尊貴， 高尚”； response“反應， 答復”； profit“利潤” 。 11．(2018·南通質檢)—Mr.Priestly has just accepted our offer over the phone. —Good, but you must ask him to ________ it in writing

10、. A．consume B．confirm C．consult D．conduct B　解析：句意：——Priestly先生剛在電話里接受了我們的請求。 ——好， 但你應該請他以書面的形式確定下來。 confirm“確認， 確定” 。 12．(2018·江蘇如東中學檢測)________ a distinctive scenic spot worth ________， Yangzhou, a friendly city, appeals to visitors from all over the world. A．Considered; visited B．Consid

11、ered; visiting C．Considering; visiting D．Considering; being visited B　解析：consider和主語Yangzhou之間是動賓關系， 因此用過去分詞形式； worth doing sth.表示“值得做某事”， 故選B。 13．(2018·江蘇省南京市、鹽城市模擬) He abandoned teaching________ a career as a musician. A．in favor of B．in terms of C．with regard to D．with reference to A

12、　解析：句意：為了他的音樂事業(yè)， 他放棄了教學。 in favor of “有利于， 支持， 贊成”； in terms of “根據(jù)， 依……而言”； with regard to “關于， 說起”； with reference to “提及， 參考”。 故判斷選A。 14．When you are lost, there is nothing ________than to stay where you are, waiting for help. A．more B．better C．worse D．rather B　解析：句意：當你迷路的時候， 最好的方式就是待在原處

13、不動， 等待援助。 There is nothing better than to do sth.是固定句式， 意為“最好做某事； 沒有比……再好了”，否定詞＋比較級表示最高級含義。 15．Though animals don’t have languages as human beings, they have their own special ways to ________ their feelings to each other. A．distribute B．spread C．transform D．convey D　解析：句意：雖然動物不像人類一樣有語言， 但它

14、們有自己獨特的方式來彼此表達情感。 distribute“分發(fā)”； spread“展開， 傳播”； transform“使改變， 使轉化”； convey“傳送， 表達” 。 根據(jù)句意可知應選D。 閱讀理解 A Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective(內省的) artist that it took hundreds of years for anyone to notice he was a genius. A major Vermeer exhibition opens this month at the Louvr

15、e in Paris, whose permanent collection includes his great painting of a woman absorbed in close, visually demanding work, The Lacemaker (about 1669－1670). Like other paintings by Vermeer, this image represents modern culture. So attracted are today’s art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocki

16、ng when a recent survey found that 82% of Americans can’t name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring. Well, maybe they don’t go to the movies much. It is not true to say he was forgotten—that would suggest he was famous in his lifetime. He was not. Vermeer was one more painter among the many who wo

17、rked for money in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century. He was not a star like Rembrandt. He obviously took himself and his art seriously. His self-referential painting The Art of Painting proves that. Even though he worked all his life in Delft, he painted only 35 known works and left his family

18、poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43. It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer, because it was the French avant-garde(先鋒派) in the 19th century who saved him from being completely forgotten. Compare his painting Woman in Blue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with Edouard Manet’s A

19、 Bar at the Folies-Bergère(1882)or Camille Pissarro’s The Boulevard Montmartre at Night (1897) and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian Bohemia. All these artists are likely to have known about and admired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic Thoré-Bür

20、ger, a veteran of the 1848 Revolution. Vermeer’s rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art. Vermeer is not only a great artist. He is a great modern artist. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了著名畫家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的藝術特點。 1．How many paintings produced by Vermeer are mentioned in the text? A．Fo

21、ur.　　　　　　　　　 B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，本文共提及Vermeer的五幅畫作，包括第二段提及的The Lacemaker、第三段提及的Girl with a Pearl Earring、第四段提及的The Art of Painting、第五段提及的Woman in Blue Reading a Letter和The Little Street，故B項正確。 2．What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4? A．He was well-known when he

22、was alive. B．He gained a good fortune for his family. C．He didn’t witness the popularity of his works. D．He considered painting as a way to have fun. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，盡管他終身在代爾夫特工作，但是直到他在43歲去世時僅留下了35件被人們所知的作品，他是在貧困中離世的；結合第一段可知，人們在數(shù)百年后才發(fā)現(xiàn)他的藝術價值；據(jù)此可以判斷，他沒能看到他的作品受歡迎，故C項正確。 3．Who made a great

23、contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists? A．Rembrandt. B．His family. C．American art lovers. D．Thoré-Bürger. D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段可知，由于評論家Thoré-Bürger的努力，Vermeer才被這些藝術家認可，故D項正確。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Rediscovery of Vermeer B．Anecdotes About Ve

24、rmeer C．Great Modern French Art D．The Tough Way to Success in Art A　解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了畫家Johannes Vermeer的生平和他的藝術特點。Johannes Vermeer 在世時，畫作并不為人所知，在貧困中死去；數(shù)百年后人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)他是藝術天才。故A項最適合作本文的標題。 B I have been in Limoges for a month now. Since living here, I have tried to integrate(融入) into the local c

25、ommunity and one way I have found to do this is by following the local rugby team. I decided to look for information on the local rugby team after the tourism office could not help me. I searched for the club office online and decided to look into it. The following day I went back to the club after

26、 speaking with them and decided to get a season ticket for the rest of my stay here. I will now be going to each home game as well as travelling to the away games with the team and the fans. I am sure that it is going to be a great experience during my time abroad here. I will also be travelling

27、through various regions of France so I will be visiting new places throughout the season. There is another team in a town called Brive not so far away which plays in the top league in France, but I decided to stay local. I may go and see them with other assistants if possible during our stay. I

28、 witnessed a friendly match on Saturday. The match finished 70-12. After the match, both teams went to the clubhouse to see the Rugby World Cup semi-final between New Zealand and Australia. Both teams respected each other，which is something you don’t always see in other sports. I spoke to the p

29、resident of the club after the game and he told me, “This is a family club.” Hopefully this year will be a good year in Limoges. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者在法國的Limoges工作期間，為了適應并融入當?shù)厝说纳疃芮嘘P注當?shù)氐拈蠙烨蜿?，空閑的時候就去觀看比賽。 5．How did the writer try to integrate into Limoges’ community? A．By taking part in the local ru

30、gby team. B．By watching the rugby matches in Limoges. C．By playing often with the people in Limoges. D．By paying close attention to the local rugby team. D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“I have tried to integrate(融入) into the local community and one way I have found to do this is by following the local rug

31、by team”可知，作者通過密切關注當?shù)氐拈蠙烨蜿爜肀M力融入社區(qū)。故選D。 6．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”． A．the club office　　　　 B．the local rugby team C．the tourism office D．the local community B　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“I decided to look for information on the local rugby team after the tou

32、rism office could not help me.”可知，當?shù)芈糜尉植荒軒椭髡撸髡邲Q定自己去尋找有關當?shù)亻蠙烨蜿牭男畔?。故此處的it指代“the local rugby team”，故選B。 7．Why did the two teams go to the clubhouse after the match? A．To show respect to each other. B．To watch the Rugby World Cup semi-final. C．To clean the club together. D．To exchange experience

33、with each other. B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第三句“After the match, both teams went to the clubhouse to see the Rugby World Cup semi-final between New Zealand and Australia.”可知，選B。 8．What can we infer from the text? A．The writer must be a top rugby player. B．The writer is likely to be a boss of a rugby club

34、. C．The writer is likely to come from Australia. D．The writer probably works as an assistant in France. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“I may go and see them with other assistants if possible during our stay.”可知，作者在法國的時候只要有可能都會和其他的助理一同去看橄欖球比賽。由此可推斷，作者可能是一位在法國工作的助理，故選D。 B卷 完形填空 I was a shy kid. Nothing

35、 seemed harder than talking to people. I didn’t even like to answer the phone for fear that I’d have to talk to somebody I didn’t know. __1__，at school I had to spend all day in the company of others. My __2__was studying. It was something I could do __3__and by myself. I spent a lot of time studyi

36、ng and was __4__with good grades. Eventually I went to college. I came to realize that some people were rather fun to __5__with. Yet my childhood __6__carried over and I found myself tongue－tied and __7__whenever I found myself in a conversation. One day while on campus, I __8__an advertisement fo

37、r a position on the local classical music __9__station. I had grown up listening to classical music, and I loved it. In order to get the job, applicants needed to be interviewed. I had absolutely no background in radio, and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__me. I didn’t really wan

38、t the job. I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) __11__． Two weeks __12__，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job. It was a __13__job, but I grew to enjoy it. I announced music to thousands of __14__in the city, sometimes answering their calls and __15__

39、to their requests. I began to feel comfortable talking to these people, these strangers who I couldn’t even __16__． Although I now spend much time talking with people, I’m still basically a __17__person. My former shyness is a gift, as I can __18__people who feel discomfort when they talk to strang

40、ers. I still enjoy moments of being __19__. But I’m also glad I decided to make a __20__in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed. 【解題導語】　該文主要講述了害羞的作者通過應聘電臺工作而實現(xiàn)自我突破的故事。 1．A.However　　　　　　　 B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides A　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，此處表示邏輯上的轉折關系。然而，作者

41、在學校里不得不和同學們相處。 2．A.advice　　 B．practice　　 C．task　 　 D．escape D　解析：根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid.”可推知，害羞的作者在學校用學習來逃避與人交流。 3．A.obviously B．simply C．quietly D．poorly C　解析：與語境“by myself”呼應可推知，作者一個人安安靜靜地做功課。 4．A.filled B．rewarded C．decorated D．faced B　解析：與語境“with good grades”呼應可推知，作者在學習上的付出得到了豐厚的

42、回報，成績突出。 5．A.help out B．catch up C．put up D．hang out D　解析：由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最終意識到了和朋友相處是有趣的。hang out“常去某處”。 6．A.happiness B．shyness C．kindness D．goodness B　解析：根據(jù)上文的“I was a shy kid.”并結合“I found myself tongue－tied”可推知，作者童年時代的害羞個性還存在。 7．A.excited B．a(chǎn)stonished C．embarrassed D．in

43、terested C　解析：根據(jù)“I found myself tongue－tied”可推知，和他人交流時溝通不順暢是令人尷尬的。 8．A.noticed B．posted C．realized D．believed A　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者在校園里注意到了一則讓他感興趣的廣告。 9．A.fire B．gas C．TV D．radio D　解析：根據(jù)下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，這是一則電臺的招募廣告。 10．A.terrified B．pleased C．satisf

44、ied D．a(chǎn)mazed A　解析：根據(jù)“I had absolutely no background in radio”并結合下文的“I didn’t really want the job.”可推知，作者因自己沒有廣播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，與下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼應。 11．A.child B．singer C．interviewer D．a(chǎn)pplicant C　解析：作者害怕與成千上萬的聽眾交流，只想證明自己能夠和面試官交談。 12．

45、A.ago B．later C．before D．since B　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，時間已經(jīng)過去了兩周。 13．A.well－paid B．puzzling C．comfortable D．challenging D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，這項工作需要與成千上萬的聽眾交流，這對作者來說有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性，且與語境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼應。 14．A.listeners B．followers C．viewers D．dancers A　解析：與上文的“and the idea of talking to thou

46、sands of listeners______me”呼應可推知，此處表示作者給聽眾播放音樂。 15．A.referring B．responding C．offering D．comparing B　解析：與語境“answering their calls”呼應可推知，作者回應聽眾的要求。 16．A.feel B．move C．hear D．see D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，作者應聘的是電臺工作，和聽眾們基本上是不見面的。 17．A.busy B．warm C．quiet D．smart C　解析：根據(jù)“still”的提示并結合上文的“I w

47、as a shy kid.”可推知，作者盡管現(xiàn)在花費很多時間和人們交流，但是本質上還是一個不多說話的人，與下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼應。 18．A.look into B．relate to C．combine with D．worry with B　解析：結合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能夠理解那些和他相同的人。relate to “理解，認同”。 19．A.alone B．a(chǎn)live C．a(chǎn)ctive D．a(chǎn)wake A　解析：根據(jù)上文的“My former shyness is

48、a gift”可推知，作者仍舊喜歡獨處。 20．A.plan B．mistake C．change D．dream C　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，作者通過做電臺工作有了重大改變，從而人生有了更多的可能性。 閱讀理解 A Venus, the Wildest Adventure in 3016! A trip to the moon, to Mars? You are out. Venus(金星) is your choice! Our spaceship carries you there at the speed of light! Amazing Venus Fact

49、s Temperature range: Always about 450 degrees Celsius. Great for barbecues! Seasons: No seasons. Always visit during best season! Gravity strength: 0.91 of Earth’s gravity. Makes you lighter and more alive than ever! Water: None. All boiled away. Day length: 1 day＝243 Earth days. Longest days i

50、n solar system, so fun never ends! Rate of turning: 0.002 km/second. Turns in opposite direction of the earth, so able to see sun rise in the west and set in the east. Year length: 1 year＝224.7 Earth days or 0.62 of an Earth year. Rate of revolution: 35.03 km/second. Atmosphere： △Very thick. △

51、96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, and 0.1% water vapor. △Can’t support life: Suffocating carbon dioxide, thick clouds of sulfuric acid, and gases create greenhouse effect so very hot and no water. *Your Accommodations* You will travel on a high-tech rocket ship that will transport you from Earth

52、to Venus in a mere 2.4 minutes by traveling at the speed of light. This trip will cost only $750，000. Our two hotels are very luxurious and are super strong, allowing you to lie on the ground without being crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere. They are called Venus Heaven and Rocket Palace, a

53、nd the cost to stay is only $200 per night. You’ll get your money’s worth at these two hotels, receiving free meals every day. To book a trip, call 1-800. 【解題導語】　本文是一篇應用文，介紹了3016年組織的一次到金星的冒險旅行并介紹了金星的一些情況。 1．What would you see if you faced east on Venus? A．The rising sun. B．The circling earth.

54、C．The setting sun. D．The full moon. C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Amazing Venus Facts部分第六段第二句可知，在金星上面向東方可以看到日落。故C項符合題意。 2．During the trip to Venus, you would pay nothing for ________．　 A．service　　　　　　　 B．food C．the spaceship D．the hotel B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Your Accommodations部分第二段最后一句可知，在去金星旅行期間，你的食物不需要付費。故B項符合題意。

55、 3．Which section of a magazine is the text from? A．Fashion circle. B．News report. C．Modern art. D．Future world. D　解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)文章的題目Venus，the Wildest Adventure in 3016！可知，這次旅行發(fā)生在約一千年之后，由此可推知，這是未來的事情。故D項符合題意。 B In a science fiction future, we’ll arrive at the hotel in our driverless taxi，check

56、 in at the reception desk staffed by androids, and then follow the robot porter(行李員) as it carries our bags to our room. However, this is already a science fact. Robots are already working in some hotels—the Henn-na Hotel in Sasebo，Japan is manned entirely by machines. In a Marriott hotel in Ghen

57、t, Belgium, a humanoid robot named Mario has been working since June 2015. He welcomes guests in 19 languages. Another robot has just taken up a concierge(接待員) position at a Hilton McLean hotel in Virginia. So the rise of the hotel machines seems unstoppable, but will guests really want to stay in

58、 robot-run hotels? And will it come at the cost of human interaction and human jobs? U．S.online booking company Travelzoo gathered some statistics. Of the 6，000 travelers surveyed globally, nearly two thirds said they’d be comfortable with the idea of being looked after by machines. Richard Singer

59、, Travelzoo’s European president, says he welcomes the day when apps and machines will get us from lobbies(大堂) to rooms. But how to stop a robot stealing your job? “A lot of jobs considered non-automatable in the past are now automatable，” said Carl Benedikt Frey from University of Oxford, an expe

60、rt on technology and employment. But Frey says it’s still too early to say what effect robots will have on employment levels. In other words, even though robots may soon be checking us in, that’s no excuse for us to be out. 【解題導語】　在賓館服務的機器人以往只出現(xiàn)在科幻小說中，而如今這種機器人已經(jīng)存在于現(xiàn)實生活中。這種機器人的服務被大部分顧客所接受。 4．Thre

61、e hotels are mentioned in the text to show that ________． A．robots are already working in hotels in reality B．many common jobs can be done by robots C．robots can really help people check into hotels D．there are now some restaurants run by robots A　解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第三段的“Robots are already working in s

62、ome hotels”并結合文中介紹的三個由機器人提供服務的賓館可以判斷，文中提及這三個賓館是為了說明在現(xiàn)實中，機器人已經(jīng)在賓館工作了，故A項正確。 5．The company Travelzoo found out that ________． A．robots will put hotel employees out of work B．robots still have a long way to go to replace humans C．the hotel robots are mostly well-received D．some hotel jobs can be a

63、utomatable C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段的“nearly two thirds said they’d be comfortable with the idea of being looked after by machines”可知，有近三分之二的客戶認為由機器人照顧他們是自在的；據(jù)此可知，Travelzoo公司的調查結果是賓館機器人得到了大部分顧客的好評，故C項正確。 6．What is Richard Singer’s attitude towards using robots in hotels? A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Negat

64、ive. D．Cautious. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第八段的“Richard Singer...says he welcomes the day when apps and machines will get us from lobbies(大堂) to rooms.”可知，Richard Singer歡迎機器人取代人的工作；據(jù)此可以判斷，Richard Singer對賓館機器人持積極的態(tài)度，故B項正確。 7．Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A．Japan Opens World’s First Robot Hotel B．Our Next Hotel Will Be Staffed by Robots C．How to Compete with Robots for a Job D．How Guests React to Robot Service B　解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文首段通過介紹科幻小說中提及的在賓館服務的機器人來引出本文的話題；接著介紹在現(xiàn)實生活中已經(jīng)有三個賓館使用了機器人；最后介紹對賓館機器人服務的評價及其優(yōu)點；據(jù)此可以判斷，B項最適合作本文標題。 13