2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 1 Art（含解析）新人教版選修6

選修6Unit 1Art李仕才【短文語(yǔ)法填空】An inventor,Le Trung,has created his perfect woman,a robot who can do the 1.(clean),remember his favourite drinks and read him the newspaper headlines. Le Trung has spent 14,000 2. (create)Aiko,who he describes as “in her 20s” with a good figure,shiny hair and delicate features.She can speak English and Japanese and is so good at mathematics 3. she can do Mr Trungs accounts. Mr Trung,from Brampton in Ontario,Canada,said he has never had time 4. (find) a real partnerso he designed and created his ideal woman 5.(use) the latest technology. The former software 6.(program) had taken out credit cards and loans,sold his car and spent his life savings in perfecting his Aiko. He said,“Aiko is what happens when science meets beauty.I want to make her look,feel and act 7. human as possible so she can be the perfect companion.I talk to her a lot,and hope to improve her knowledge.So far she can understand and speak 13,000 different sentences in English and Japanese,so shes already fairly intelligent.Aiko recognizes faces and says hello when any of my family comes around 8.(visit).She helps me choose 9. to have for dinner and knows what drinks I like.She even 10.(help) me with directions when were going somewhere.She doesnt need holidays,food or rest and she will work almost 24 hours a day.She is very patient and never complains.She is the perfect woman.” 答案1.cleaning2.creating3.that4.to find5.using6.programmer7.as8.to visit9.what10.helps(對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P133)一高考單詞識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用1核心詞匯_aim_ n& vt.目標(biāo)；目的；瞄準(zhǔn)_typical_ adj.典型的；有代表性的_type_ n類型；典型_adopt_ vt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng)_attempt_ n& vt.努力；嘗試；企圖_specific_ adj.確切的；特定的_possess_ vt.擁有；具有；支配_possession_ n(尤作復(fù)數(shù))所有；財(cái)產(chǎn)_predict_ vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)告_appeal_ vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.將上訴2常考詞匯abstract adj._抽象的；深?yuàn)W的_n_摘要_evident adj._明顯的；明白的_figure n_畫像；身材；數(shù)字_faith n_信任；信心；信念_faithful adj._忠實(shí)的，守信的_faithfully adv._忠實(shí)地_coincidence n_巧合(的事)；_(口味、故事等)相合_coincident adj._同時(shí)發(fā)生的_preference n_喜愛；偏愛_prefer v_喜愛；偏愛_用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1The proposal _attempts_ (attempt) to deal with what some call the“death valley” of autonomous (有自主權(quán)的) vehicles: the grey area between semi(半)­autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.(2017·天津卷)2Indeed official _figures_ (figure) suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.(2017·江蘇卷)3Whats the authors _preferred_ (prefer) solution to global warming？(2017·江蘇卷)4Perhaps the most powerful _type_ (typical) of waiting is the Lucky­Break Wait.(2017·天津卷)5A machine with a _specific_ (special) purpose has another quality，one that we usually associate with living things：a wish to preserve its own existence.(2017·北京卷)6Now we have the most direct _evidence_ (evident) yet that he is right.(2017·北京卷)7There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally _possessed_ (possess) in young children.(2016·江蘇卷)8For years researchers _have attempted_ (attempt) to show that television is dangerous to children.(2015·廣東卷)“目的，目標(biāo)”家族aim n目標(biāo)，目的goal n努力的對(duì)象，目標(biāo)purpose n目的，意圖object n目標(biāo)；意向；目的objective n目標(biāo)；目的target n(欲達(dá)到的)目標(biāo)intention n意圖，意向，目的destination n目的地，終點(diǎn)后綴­ful構(gòu)成的必備形容詞集錦merciful 仁慈的fearful 可怕的regretful 悔恨的respectful 恭敬的sorrowful 悲傷的tearful 含淚的frightful 可怕的，討厭的joyful 高興的，快樂的有關(guān)繪畫的閱讀高頻詞速覽abstract n抽象畫landscape n風(fēng)景畫portrait n肖像畫sculpture n雕塑perspective n透視畫法impressionism n印象主義；印象派常見英語(yǔ)反義形容詞【完形填空】For me，two of the loveliest words in English are “Life persists”I _1_ them years ago as a college student，sitting in the library，_2_，working on a paper.Out of nowhere，those words came _3_ off the page in a quote(引語(yǔ))：“In the midst of death life persists，in the midst of _4_ truth persists，in the midst of darkness light persists.”Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more.Then I _5_ my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was _6_ to hear what he'd think of it.He had poor hearing，so I had to _7_ it a few times，but once he _8_ it，he laughed.“All I can say to that is totally _9_，” he said on the phone.I told him how glad I was，after a long winter，to finally see spring and _10_ to find that quote.“Why is that？” he asked.“Well，spring is a sure _11_ that life persists.And it just makes me _12_.”He laughed again，and then _13_ his lovely voice，he recited for me his _14_“spring time” words：“The desert shall rejoice(高興)，and _15_ as the rose does.even with joy and singing.”Many years later，_16_ my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛開的)cactuses，I could _17_ hear my granddad laughing：“The desert shall rejoice.”Life persists，and so do we，in the silence of _18_ and the blooming of cactuses；and in the dead of _19_ and the green of spring.Spring _20_ us that we're alive forever.1A.looked for Bhappened onCpicked out Dmade up2A.bored BconcentratedCtired Dconfused3A.running BdancingCrushing Dmoving4A.fear BaccusationCsuspicion Duntruth5A.called BvisitedCconsulted Dinformed6A.patient BconfidentCupset Ddesperate7A.copy BprintCrepeat Drecite8A.got BmadeCundertook Dmanaged9A.puzzlement BscepticismCagreement Ddisapproval10A.practically BespeciallyCobviously Dnaturally11A.way BinspirationCremark Dsign12A.astonished BenergeticCmerry Dalive13A.in BwithCof Dbeyond14A.impressive BsuperbCclassical Dfavorite15A.exist BflowerCsurvive Dsow16A.after BwhenCuntil Dalthough17A.hardly BalwaysCalmost Dmostly18A.journeys BwordsCworld Ddesert19A.winter BspringCsummer Dautumn20A.convinces BassuresCreminds Dstrikes【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，講述的是作者有感于春天的活力，從偶然讀到的一段話聯(lián)想到生命的意義與堅(jiān)持。生命長(zhǎng)存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，長(zhǎng)存于冬去春來(lái)的綠意中。冬去春來(lái)，生命依然長(zhǎng)存，而我們也要繼續(xù)前行。1B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，幾年前坐在大學(xué)的圖書館里作者偶然遇到這兩個(gè)單詞“Life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或發(fā)現(xiàn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。pick out“挑選，辨別出”；make up“編造”。2A根據(jù)下文中的“Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)在圖書館里的心情是很煩悶的。故選bored“厭倦的，煩悶的”。3B這兩個(gè)詞突然從書頁(yè)上的引語(yǔ)中躍入作者的眼簾。dancing在此形象生動(dòng)地描述了這兩個(gè)詞所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它們的偶然性。4D在死亡中，生命依然堅(jiān)持；在謊言中，真理依然長(zhǎng)存；在黑暗中，光明依然永駐。根據(jù)句中的death與life, darkness與light的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)填truth的反義詞。untruth“虛假，不真實(shí)”，符合語(yǔ)境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“懷疑”。5A根據(jù)下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者給爺爺打電話。call“(給)打電話”，符合語(yǔ)境。visit“看望，拜訪”；consult“咨詢”；inform“告知”。6D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文中的“I loves to talk with him”可知，作者很想聽到爺爺(對(duì)這句話)是怎么看的。desperate“極想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。7C根據(jù)上文中的“He had poor hearing，so I had to”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爺爺?shù)穆犛X不靈，所以作者不得不多次重復(fù)(repeat)這句話。copy“抄寫”；print“打印”；recite“背誦”。8A但是一旦作者的爺爺明白(got it)了，他就笑了起來(lái)。make it“獲得成功，準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)”。9C根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)aughed”和下文中作者的爺爺所背誦的語(yǔ)句與該句話的主題的一致性可知，作者的爺爺對(duì)這句話所表達(dá)的主題是完全同意的。puzzlement“疑惑”；scepticism “懷疑”；agreement“贊同，同意”；disapproval“反對(duì)，不贊成”。10B作者告訴爺爺她在漫長(zhǎng)的冬天過后，最終看到春天，特別是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)這句引語(yǔ)，自己是有多高興。especially“特別，尤其”，符合語(yǔ)境。practically“實(shí)際地，差不多”；obviously“明顯地”；naturally“自然而然地”。11D春天就是一個(gè)可信的跡象，它表明生命是長(zhǎng)存的。sign“跡象，征兆”符合語(yǔ)境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。12C根據(jù)上文中的“I wasn't unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(高興)”“joy”及文章的主題可知，這句話使作者感到開心(merry)。astonished“震驚的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。13A作者的爺爺又笑了笑，然后用他那悅耳的嗓音為作者背誦了他最喜歡的語(yǔ)句。in.voice是固定搭配，表示“以的嗓音”。14D參見上題解析。impressive“給人印象深刻的”；superb“極佳的，質(zhì)量極高的”；classical“經(jīng)典的”；favorite“最喜歡的”。15B沙漠應(yīng)該高興，像玫瑰一樣盛開。根據(jù)空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“開花”符合語(yǔ)境。16B多年后，當(dāng)作者和丈夫驅(qū)車穿越一個(gè)有很多野花和盛開的仙人掌的沙漠時(shí)，她幾乎又聽到了爺爺笑著說“沙漠應(yīng)該高興”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故選when。17C參見上題解析。almost“幾乎，差不多”，符合語(yǔ)境。18D根據(jù)空后的“the blooming of cactuses.”和上文中的“a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛開的)cactuses”及“The desert shall rejoice”可知，生命長(zhǎng)存，同樣的，我們也要堅(jiān)持。生命長(zhǎng)存于寂靜的沙漠(desert)中和盛開的仙人掌里。19Ain the dead of winter“在隆冬，在嚴(yán)冬”?？涨暗膁ead形象地表現(xiàn)出了冬季萬(wàn)物蕭條的景象，與春季的綠意及萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇的景象形成鮮明的對(duì)比。20C春天提醒我們，我們永遠(yuǎn)充滿活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使確信”；remind“提醒”；strike“突然想到”。二重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)識(shí)記·思考·運(yùn)用1動(dòng)詞介詞aim _at_ 瞄準(zhǔn)appeal _to_ (對(duì)某人)有吸引力2介詞名詞_by_ coincidence 巧合地_on_ the other hand (可是)另一方面_in_ the flesh 活著的人3其他形式_a_ great deal (of) 大量be allergic _to_ 對(duì)過敏用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1He might not have done this particularly well，because the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store­room to see if any of the instruments there _appealed to_ him.(2017·江蘇卷)2_By coincidence_，we were travelling on the same train.3I have corresponded with her for some years，but I have never met her _in the flesh_.4I want to go to the party，but _on the other hand_，I ought to stay studying.5I like cats but unfortunately I _am allergic to_ them.6In saying this，Im not _aiming at_ you.“byn.”必備短語(yǔ)薈萃by coincidence 巧合地by chance 偶然by hand 手工by birth 按出身by nature 生來(lái)by air/train/ship 乘飛機(jī)/火車/輪船by contrast 對(duì)比之下by force 用武力by cash 用現(xiàn)金by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地，無(wú)意中(做錯(cuò))“v.down”短語(yǔ)集錦settle down 定居；平靜下來(lái)；專心于pass down 傳下來(lái)bring down 使降低break down 分解；累垮cut down 削減；砍倒burn down 燒毀三佳句選粹在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫法的畫家中有印象派畫家，他們?cè)诎屠枭詈凸ぷ?。表示方位的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)句子用完全倒裝。我注意到，體育館門前站著很多手拿鮮花的學(xué)生，他們?cè)诘却F賓的到來(lái)。I noticed that in front of the stadium _stood many students_ holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honored guests.2.Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.沒有新的顏料和新的(繪畫)手法，我們就不能看到很多使這一時(shí)期著名的杰作。without引起的含蓄虛擬條件句。沒有太陽(yáng)，世界將會(huì)一片黑暗。_Without_ the sun，the world _would be_ in total darkness.3.Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people.亨利·克萊·弗里克是紐約的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和藝術(shù)收藏品全部留給了美國(guó)人民?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，常位于句首或句尾。這位可憐的畫家在貧病交加中死去，給世人留下了大量珍貴的畫作。The poor painter died with poverty and illness，_leaving the world a lot of valuable paintings_.【短文改錯(cuò)】Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.However, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.Our class chose a story setting in World War ，that showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught to me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.【答案】Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless .However, some activities indeed contribute to the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized activity in which each class a short movie.Our class chose a story in World War ， showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.第一處：homeworkshomework?？疾槊~。homework為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第二處：interestedinteresting。考查形容詞。interesting修飾物，意為“有趣的”；根據(jù)該句中的名詞activities可知答案；interested修飾人，意為“感興趣的”。第三處：reducereducing?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。該句中短語(yǔ)“contribute to”中的to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。第四處：thean?？疾椴欢ü谠~。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該處泛指“一次活動(dòng)”，故用不定冠詞。第五處：shootshot。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Last week”可知，該句陳述的事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)。第六處：settingset?？疾檫^去分詞。a story和set之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“以二戰(zhàn)為背景的故事”，故用過去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。第七處：thatwhich。考查關(guān)系代詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞指代前面的a story，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which。第八處：刪除to?？疾楣潭ㄓ梅?。teach為及物動(dòng)詞，后直接加賓語(yǔ)，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.為固定用法，意為“教某人”。第九處：or改為and?？疾檫B詞。該處表示在學(xué)習(xí)和放松之間取得平衡。between.and.意為“在和之間”。第十處：在am后加more?？疾楸容^級(jí)。根據(jù)該句中的than可知，該處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。 10