2018秋高中英語 Unit 2 The Olympic Games同步練習(xí) 新人教版必修2

Unit 2 The Olympic Games話題誦讀 日積月累導(dǎo)語北京將成為全球首座既舉辦夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)，又舉辦冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的城市。但是財(cái)富雜志就2022年冬奧會(huì)提出了幾個(gè)問題。一起來看看吧！Questions about the 2022 Winter OlympicsThe Chinese city of Beijing has been named host of the 2022 Winter Olympics，beating out Almaty，Kazakhstan in the process.Still，there's plenty of uncertainty over Beijing's ability to host wintertime athletics.Here are the questions Fortune has about the 2022 Games：1_The pride of hosting an Olympic event has lost some of its luster in recent years.Hosting the Olympics might seem like it affords international bragging rights，but in reality it's a big economic drain.Greece's 2004 Athens Summer Olympics left the country with $11 billion in debt，according to CNN.Beijing's own 2008 Summer Games，meanwhile，cost $44 billion.The previous Winter Olympic Games，held in Sochi，Russia，cost about $50 billion.2_Beijing is not exactly a winter citybut then again，neither was Sochi.So expect fake snow.Lots and lots of fake snow.Here's a little on how Sochi achieved the winter miracle，per The New York Times：Machines make snow the same way nature does，by freezing water droplets.But they do it a few feet above the ground，rather than in the much colder conditions high in the atmosphere.Snowmaking machines employ a few thermodynamic tricks to help，but at times there is a limit to what physics can do.Temperature is key in this process.Should Beijing be too warm around the time of the Games，things may get a little risky.Still，as CNN notes，Beijing will host the icebased events，while competitions requiring snow will be held about 120 miles to Beijing's northwest in Zhangjiakou.3_Beijing officials，of course，are doing their best to dissipate doubts regarding the city's smog and pollution issues.For what it's worth，the city did curb pollution effectively in 2008，so it's possible it could repeat those efforts.Xu Jicheng，who helps lead Beijing 2022's press efforts，said in a statement that “technically the pollution has been reduced and controlled，we have seven more years to go and it will be sunshine and white clouds.”詞海拾貝1lustern光彩，光輝2brag v吹牛，自夸3miracle n奇跡4thermodynamic adj.熱力的，熱力學(xué)的5dissipate v消除6curb v抑制問題思考Fill in the blanks 13 with the suitable questions.(There is one extra heading which you do not need.)AWhat about the pollution?BHow much will it cost China?CHow can Beijing host Winter events?DWill there be any economic benefit at all?答案：1.B2.C3.A自主預(yù)習(xí) 步步提高詞匯識(shí)記.將單詞與其正確釋義配對(duì)1competeA主人；做東；主辦2magical B座右銘；格言；警句3volunteer C巫術(shù)的；魔術(shù)的；有魔力的4regular D容許；承認(rèn)；接納5basis E替換；取代6admit F規(guī)則的；定期的；常規(guī)的7host G志愿者；志愿的；自愿8responsibility H比賽；競(jìng)爭9replace I責(zé)任；職責(zé)10motto J基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)答案：1.H2.C3.G4.F5.J6.D7.A8.I9.E10B.根據(jù)所給漢語提示寫出單詞1_adj.古代的，古老的2_n獎(jiǎng)?wù)拢幌笳?；表?_adv.現(xiàn)今，現(xiàn)在4_adj.身體的；物理的5_n運(yùn)動(dòng)員；運(yùn)動(dòng)選手答案：1.ancient2.medal3.nowadays4.physical5.athlete.根據(jù)語境及首字母提示寫出正確的單詞1Which country will h_the next Summer Olympic Games?2She will c_with Mary in this dancing competition.3She now helps to teach children in a local school as a v_three days a week.4He likes doing exercise at the fixed time，and the r_exercise has made him energetic.5Even though he is a child，he has the courage to take the responsibility and is willing to a _ having made mistakes.6His cell phone was out of order，which made him decide to buy a new one to r_it.7He was a fierce c_who just wanted to win!答案：1.hostpete3.volunteer4.regular5admit6.replacepetitor.選用短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子used to; take part in; stand for；every four years；compete with; play an important role in; as well; as a matter of fact; be admitted into; take responsibility for1They usually get together_2_， he had received an invitation from his boss to attend the party.3Do you know what those letters_？4The manager should_the failure of the plan.5The gentleman always_activities which are designed to help the homeless.6Tom often loses his temper and is unfriendly to others_.7In order to_his opponent (對(duì)手) in the coming competition, he is busy preparing now.8With the help of his colleagues，he_ finally _ the big company.9He_go fishing at weekends, but now he likes playing table tennis.10His advice has_the construction (建設(shè))of the bridge.答案：1.every four years2.As a matter of fact3.stand for4.take responsibility for5.takes part in6.as well7compete with8.wasadmitted into9.used to10played an important role in語篇理解課文表層理解.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F)1The Summer Olympics are usually held two years before the Winter Olympics.()2The athletes live in the local village near the main reception hall.()3There are running races and football games in the Summer Olympics.()4Now many countries can take part if their athletes are good enough.()5There is as much competition among countries to host Olympics as to win Olympic medals.()答案：1.F2.F3.T4.T5.T.讀課文，回答問題1Where was Pausanias' homeland?_2Who can be allowed to take part in the modern Olympic Games?_3List three kinds of people who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games._4Why do so many countries want to host the Olympic Games?_5What makes Pausanias happy about the modern Olympic Games?_答案：1.Ancient Greece.2Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event.3slaveswomenpeople from other countries4Because it's a great responsibility as well as a great honour for them to host the Olympic Games.5The motto of the Olympics “Swifter，Higher and Stronger”.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下表(1)_Differences between the ancient and modern Olympicsheld every(2)_events：running races and horse ridingno(3)_for winnersmotto：(4)_，Higher and Strongerseen as the most important competitionfor the(5)_of winningNameAncient OlympicsModern Olympicssetsone set of GamesTwo sets of Games Summer and Winter Olympic Games(6)_only Greeceany country(7)_only from Greece and (8)_ were not allowedfrom all over the worldprizethe olive wreath(9)_Olympic villagenoyes(10)_fewermore than 250答案：1.Similarities2.four years3.prize money4Swifter5.honour6.hosts7.athletes8women and slaves9.medals10.sports課文深層理解.讀課文，完成下列各題1What is the main idea of the passage?The passage is mainly about the similarities and _ about the ancient Olympics and _ Olympics.2What is the writing form of this passage?The passage is organized in a style of _答案：1.differencesmodern2.dialogue/talk/conversation.仔細(xì)閱讀課文，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)1Who can be admitted to the present Olympic Games?AAll the athletes from all over the world.BAthletes from the Greek world.CAthletes who can reach the required standard.DAthletes from the developed countries.2Who could take part in the ancient Olympics in Greece?AGreek nobles. BGreek slaves.CGreek women. DEnglish nobles.3Which word can best describe Pausanias' feeling?ADisappointed. BAngry.CSad. DSurprised.4Which of the following is true?APausanias wasn't interested in the Olympics.BIt is easy to win the right to host the Olympics.CAlmost every country wants to host the Olympics.DIt costs little money to host the Olympics.5Which event will you see in the Winter Olympics?A110m hurdles. BSkiing.CHorse riding. DSwimming.答案：1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B.領(lǐng)會(huì)句子所用的句型并譯成漢語1That's why they're called the Winter Olympics._2It's in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races，together with swimming，sailing and all the team sports._3Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics，athletics，team sports and. _4This is important because the more you speak English，the better your English will become._答案：1.那就是它們被稱為冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的原因。2正是在夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上才有賽跑、游泳、帆船和所有的團(tuán)體體育項(xiàng)目。3婦女不僅允許參加，而且她們還在體操、競(jìng)技和團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目中起著非常重要的作用4這很重要，因?yàn)槟阏f得越多，你的英語就越好。知識(shí)聚焦 講練互動(dòng)要點(diǎn)直擊1compete vi.競(jìng)爭；比賽(教材原句P9)How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games?古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)有多少國家參加比賽？ 歸納拓展compete for為而比賽/競(jìng)爭compete against/with與競(jìng)爭/比賽compete in參加的比賽competition n競(jìng)爭；角逐competitive adj.競(jìng)爭的competitor n競(jìng)爭者(1)I will compete _ the English contest.我將參加英語比賽。(2)We can't _ them on price.我們?cè)趦r(jià)格上無法與他們競(jìng)爭。(3)Young children will usually _ their mother's attention.小孩子通常會(huì)在母親面前爭寵。(4)48 teams compete to gain the championship.有48支隊(duì)伍爭奪冠軍。答案：(1)in(2)compete with/against(3)compete for語境串記More than 10，000 competitors from different countries came to Beijing to compete with each other in the competitive games for medals.來自不同國家的10 000多名參賽選手來到北京為了獎(jiǎng)牌而在激烈的比賽中相互競(jìng)爭。 即學(xué)即練用compete的適當(dāng)形式及其短語填空。As the youngest _，John will compete _ the writing contest _ 30 other top students _ the annual award of writing.So he must be very _ so that he could win in the _. 答案：competitorinwith/againstforcompetitivecompetition2take part in參加；參與(教材原句P9)Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games?誰不能參加古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)？ 歸納拓展take part in是慣用詞組，part前一般不用冠詞，但當(dāng)part前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，要用不定冠詞。其后不跟賓語時(shí)，不用介詞in。(1)Miss Zhang gave me a chance to _ designing the class poster.張老師給了我一個(gè)參加班級(jí)海報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)會(huì)。(2)Generally speaking，the teacher hopes that each of us takes an active part in sports.通常來說，老師希望我們每個(gè)人都積極參加體育活動(dòng)。(3)There will be a party on this weekend.Would you like to _？這個(gè)周末有個(gè)晚會(huì)，你想?yún)⒓訂?？答案?1)take part in(3)take part 易混辨析attend/join/join in/take part in易混詞區(qū)別attend指參加會(huì)議、上課、上學(xué)、聽報(bào)告等join指加入某組織、團(tuán)體，成為其中的一員join in指參加某種活動(dòng)，后面接的賓語一般是表示競(jìng)賽、娛樂、游戲等活動(dòng)的名詞或動(dòng)名詞take part in指參加群眾性的活動(dòng)、會(huì)議，往往指參加并持積極態(tài)度，起一定作用一言辨異I often attend a meeting and sometimes I take part in its discussion.我經(jīng)常出席會(huì)議，有時(shí)參加大會(huì)的討論。 即學(xué)即練用attend，join，join in，take part in的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)All the League members _ the meeting，at which ten students _ the League.(2)All the family _ me _ wishing you a happy future.(3)Boys and girls，all of you should go to _ the lecture this afternoon.(4)John _ the sports meeting yesterday.答案：(1)attendedjoined(2)joinin(3)attend(4)took part in3stand for代表；主張；支持；容忍；接受(教材原句P9)What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?奧林匹克旗上的五環(huán)代表什么？ 歸納拓展stand out更為重要；顯眼；突出stand up站立，站起，起立stand by遵守諾言(或協(xié)議等)；幫助；支持；無動(dòng)于衷；袖手旁觀(1)I _ freedom of speech for everyone.我主張人人都有言論自由。(2)We are not prepared to _ and let them close our schools.我們不會(huì)袖手旁觀，聽任他們關(guān)閉我們的學(xué)校。(3)I think black lettering will _ best on a yellow sign.我認(rèn)為黃色標(biāo)志上用黑色字體最醒目。(4)I'm really tired，for _ all day.我真的累壞了，我站了一整天了。答案：(1)stand for(2)stand by(3)stand out(4)I've been standing up 即學(xué)即練用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)She is sure to _ you in times of trouble.(2)Her talents _ in comparison with the others.(3)PO_ postal order.(4)Please _ when I call your name.答案：(1)stand by(2)stand out(3)stands for(4)stand up4admit vi.&vt.承認(rèn)；容許；接納(教材原句P10)Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.只有那些達(dá)到各自體育項(xiàng)目統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員才有資格成為參賽者。 歸納拓展admit (to) sth承認(rèn)(事實(shí)、過錯(cuò)等)admit (to) doing/having done sth承認(rèn)做過某事admit that.承認(rèn)admit sb to be/as.承認(rèn)某人是；接納某人為admit.to/into.允許加入/進(jìn)入admission n承認(rèn)；坦白；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)；準(zhǔn)入；錄用(1)The prisoner has admitted his guilt.這個(gè)犯人已供認(rèn)了他自己的罪行。(2)He admitted _ the car.他承認(rèn)偷了那輛汽車。(3)It is now generally _ a mistake.如今人們普遍接受這是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。(4)We all admitted him to be honest/to be an honest man.我們都承認(rèn)他是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。(5)Only ticketholders will _ the stadium.只有持票者才可進(jìn)入體育場(chǎng)。答案：(2)stealing/having stolen(3)admitted as/to be(5)be admitted into重點(diǎn)提示作“承認(rèn)，招認(rèn)”解時(shí)，admit (to) doing sth這一結(jié)構(gòu)的用法：注意to可有可無，切記不可將to當(dāng)作不定式符號(hào)；作“接納；允許進(jìn)入”解時(shí)，與介詞to/into搭配。 即學(xué)即練(1)單句改錯(cuò)。Do you admit to take these books without telling anybody?_(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換。We all admit that he is foolish.We all admit him _He admitted that he had finished the work.He admitted _ the work.答案：(1)taketaking(2)to be foolishhaving finished/finishing5as well也；又；還。為固定短語，常用于口語，多用在句末。(教材原句P10)For each Olympics，a special village is built for them to live in，a main reception building，several stadiums for competitions，and a gymnasium as well.每屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)都有一個(gè)特殊的村莊(奧運(yùn)村)供參賽的人住，一個(gè)主要的接待大樓，好幾個(gè)供比賽用的體育場(chǎng)，還有一個(gè)室內(nèi)體育館。 歸納拓展as well常位于句末，無須用逗號(hào)與句子分開as well as“和；又”常用于句中，連接兩個(gè)并列句子成分may/might as well還是為好；只好(1)I can play the guitar，and I can sing as well(I can also sing)我不但會(huì)彈吉他，而且還能演唱。(2)Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance.我和海倫都希望看這場(chǎng)演出。(3)Now that we have been in Hainan，we _ buy some goods.既然我們已經(jīng)來到海南，我們不妨買一些商品。名師點(diǎn)津as well as連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上與它前面的名詞或代詞一致。(4)Many students as well as Tom _ present at the meeting.湯姆和許多學(xué)生都參加了會(huì)議。答案：(3)may as well(4)were 易混辨析as well/also/too/either易混詞區(qū)別例句as well用于肯定句，只用于句末，其前一般不用逗號(hào)He plays the piano as well.他也彈鋼琴。also用于肯定句，用在句中He also plays the piano.他也彈鋼琴。too用于肯定句，通常用在句末，前面有逗號(hào)He plays the piano，too.他也彈鋼琴。either多用于否定句句末He doesn't play the piano either.他也不彈鋼琴。 即學(xué)即練選詞填空：as well/too/also/either/as well as。(1)Tom went to Beijing and Jane went to Beijing，_(2)I can't play the violin.He can't，_(3)He is good at English.He is _ good at German.(4)He gave me money and advice _(5)Your sister _ you is friendly to us.答案：(1)too(2)either(3)also(4)as well(5)as well as6replace v代替；取代；把放回原處；替換；調(diào)換(教材原句P10)So even the olive wreath has been replaced!就連橄欖枝花環(huán)也被取代了！ 歸納拓展replace sth/sb with/by以代替/替換replace sb/sthtake sb's/sth's placetake the place of sb/sth取代；代替in one's/sth's placein place of sb/sth替代instead of代替；而不是(1)I'll _ the old computer _ a new one.我將用一臺(tái)新電腦代替這臺(tái)舊的。(2)The salesgirl said the TV set could_if we were not satisfied.女售貨員說如果我們對(duì)這臺(tái)電視機(jī)不滿意，她可以給換一臺(tái)。(3)Please replace the book on the shelf.請(qǐng)把書放回到書架上。答案：(1)replacewith/by(2)be replaced 即學(xué)即練(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換。John will be in place of Tom in the game.John will _ Tom in the game.John will _ Tom in the game.(2)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Sending email has almost _ (place) writing letters.答案：(1)take the place ofreplace(2)replaced7charge n費(fèi)用；主管；看管；責(zé)任v收費(fèi)；控訴；要價(jià)；指控(教材原句P12)duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong如果出現(xiàn)問題，有負(fù)責(zé)和介入麻煩事的責(zé)任(1)n.費(fèi)用；主管；看管；責(zé)任 歸納拓展in charge主管；看管in charge of主管；看管；負(fù)責(zé)in the charge of在掌管之下take charge of負(fù)責(zé)；掌管free of charge免費(fèi)的An experienced teacher is in charge of this class.一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)班。This class is _ an experienced teacher.這個(gè)班由一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師負(fù)責(zé)。The company was badly organized until she took charge of it.直到她掌管，這家公司一直管理很差。Going to public concerts is often _去公共音樂會(huì)經(jīng)常是免費(fèi)的。(2)vt.收費(fèi)；控訴；要價(jià)；指控 歸納拓展charge sb for sth為向某人收費(fèi)/要價(jià)charge sb with sth/doing sth指控某人做了某事She charged me twenty dollars for fixing my mobile phone.她收我20美元為我修理手機(jī)。The police are going to charge him _ murder.警方準(zhǔn)備控告他謀殺罪。答案：in the charge offree of chargewith語境串記The man who had taken charge of the factory was charged with bribetaking，because he received a large amount of money from a department manager in charge of the manufacturing.負(fù)責(zé)這家工廠的那個(gè)人被指控受賄，因?yàn)樗樟素?fù)責(zé)生產(chǎn)的部門經(jīng)理的一大筆錢。 即學(xué)即練單句語法填空。(1)I'll be _ (charge) when Mr Smith is away.(2)The park is _ (charge) of the city government.(3)She charged me five yuan _ repairing the machine.(4)She was charged _ parking against rules.答案：(1)in charge(2)in the charge(3)for(4)with8pick up拾起；撿起(教材原句P14)When she stops to pick it up，you will be able to run past her and win.當(dāng)她停下來撿金蘋果時(shí)，你就可以跑過她并且獲勝。 歸納拓展pick up的漢語意思很多，歸納如下：學(xué)會(huì)、認(rèn)識(shí)屬偶然，接人、乘搭車和船；身體、生意有好轉(zhuǎn)，站起、跟蹤求發(fā)現(xiàn)。撿起、收聽靠手段，辨認(rèn)、勾搭和感染；收集、整理話重提，加速、營救替付錢。(1)He picked up a girl at the cinema last night.他昨晚在電影院認(rèn)識(shí)了一個(gè)女孩。(2)She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan.她在日本時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了說日語。(3)You'll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.你到了海濱就會(huì)很快恢復(fù)健康。(4)His trade is picking up again.他的生意又開始有起色了。(5)I'll pick you up at nine o'clock.我9點(diǎn)來接你。(6)The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.大巴在機(jī)場(chǎng)外接乘客。 即學(xué)即練把下列句子中的pick up翻譯成漢語。(1)If you go to England，you'll soon pick up English._(2)Pick up your luggage and let's start off._(3)He picked up a cold at school._(4)Our business began to pick up this year._(5)He picked up the story where he had left it the day before._(6)I managed to pick up an American news broadcast._(7)The train was gradually picking up speed._答案：(1)學(xué)會(huì)(2)收拾(3)患上(4)好轉(zhuǎn)/有起色(5)接著講(6)收聽(7)加速9deserve vt.&vi.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受(一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))(教材原句P14)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race?你認(rèn)為希波墨涅斯應(yīng)該(算)贏嗎？ 歸納拓展deserven./pron.值得；應(yīng)得deserve to do.應(yīng)該做deserve doingdeserve to be done值得被做(1)What have I done to deserve this?我做了什么事而得到這種待遇呢？(2)What he did deserves praise.What he did deserves _What he did deserves _他所做的值得表揚(yáng)。(3)They didn't deserve _他們不該贏。答案：(2)to be praisedpraising(3)to win【特別提醒】deserve后接doing，其主語與do是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。有相同用法的動(dòng)詞還有：need，want，require(需要)等。My bike needs repairing/to be repaired.我的自行車需要修理了。 即學(xué)即練用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)Your suggestion deserves _ (consider)(2)They didn't deserve _ (lose) the match.答案：(1)consideration/considering/to be considered(2)to lose10(教材原句P10)It's in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races，together with swimming，sailing and all the team sports.跑步、游泳、劃船和所有團(tuán)體項(xiàng)目是在夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上進(jìn)行的。句式分析強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who.”。即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是復(fù)數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句仍用“It is/was.that/who.”。該句型可以強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語動(dòng)詞以外的句子成分，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的可以是名詞、代詞，也可以是短語或句子。_ yesterday _ I met my English teacher in the street.就是昨天我在街上遇到了我的英語老師。語法拓展如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是特殊疑問詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)句式為：“特殊疑問詞is/wasitthat句子其他部分？”_ is it that he wants to see?他究竟想看到什么？_ you met him?你是在哪兒遇到他的？The question is which book it is that you want to borrow.問題是你究竟想借哪本書。It was about three years ago that he left school.是在大約3年前他離開了學(xué)校。注意：(1)在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語時(shí)，一律用that，而不用when，where，why或how。千萬不要與定語從句混淆。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。It is I who _ wrong.是我錯(cuò)了。It is you who are wrong.是你錯(cuò)了。(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)not.until結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，not要放在until之前，即It is/was not until.that.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨鏡時(shí)我才認(rèn)出她。答案：It wasthatWhatWhere was it thatam 即學(xué)即練在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。(1)_ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.(2)It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.(3)It was in Qingdao _ I saw the sea for the first time.答案：(1)It(2)was(3)that11(教材原句P10)Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics，athleti