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1、專題01名詞高效演練一單句語(yǔ)法填空1The_ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命這種可能性總是激勵(lì)科學(xué)家們?nèi)ヌ剿魍獠靠臻g。故填possibility。2. Trytounderstandwhatsactually happening instead of acting on the _ （ass
2、ume）youve made.【答案】assumption【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：試著去理解實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假設(shè)行事。 故選assumption 。3. In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to an
3、d from work.【答案】crowds【解析】考查名詞。crowd前沒(méi)有冠詞、指示代詞和形容詞性人稱代詞，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top _(attract)【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是對(duì)于像我一樣的游客來(lái)說(shuō)，大熊貓是最大的吸引。形容詞top“頭等的；最重要的”后面跟名詞形式。5.The nursery team switches him every few _(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed.【答案】days【解析
4、】句意：護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)每隔幾天就把他和他的妹妹互換一下，這樣當(dāng)他們中的一個(gè)在被人工喂養(yǎng)的時(shí)候。every few days“每隔幾天”。6Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(achieve)【答案】achievement【解析】句意：然后，首先處理最重要的任務(wù)，那么你會(huì)感到真正意義上的成就。介詞of后應(yīng)用名詞作賓語(yǔ)。7Recent _(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks re
5、gularly【答案】studies【解析】句意：最近的研究顯示如果我們有規(guī)律地進(jìn)行短暫的休息的話，我們工作的效率會(huì)更高。study“研究”為可數(shù)名詞，本句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為show，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)studies。8Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the _ (develop)of chopsticks.【答案】development【解析】句意：一些人認(rèn)為大約生活于公元前551年到479年間的中國(guó)偉大學(xué)者孔子影
6、響了筷子的發(fā)展。根據(jù)空格前的the可知，所填詞應(yīng)用名詞形式。故填development。9Any smell might attract natural _(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.【答案】enemies【解析】句意：任何氣味都有可能吸引自然界中那些想要吃掉熊貓寶寶的敵人。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，此處表示“吸引了自然界中的敵人”，故填可數(shù)名詞enemy的復(fù)數(shù)形式。10It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late _(pay)may affect your cred
7、it.【答案】payments【解析】句意：準(zhǔn)時(shí)付電費(fèi)很重要，因?yàn)橹Ц锻砹藭?huì)影響你的信用。前面有形容詞late修飾，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，payment可用作可數(shù)名詞，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。11We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _ _(different)unite，rather than divide us.【答案】differences【解析】句意：當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)“求同存異”，而不是“分崩離析”的時(shí)候，我們就能獲得很多。物主代詞our后面接名詞，這里是指“我們的差異”，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。12.He gave himself a new name t
8、o hide his _（identical） when he went to carry out the secret task. 【答案】identity 【解析】句意：他執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)秘密任務(wù)時(shí)，給自己起了一個(gè)新的名字來(lái)掩蓋身份。 根據(jù)空格前是形容詞性所有格his可知，其后應(yīng)該用名詞。故填identity。13.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some _ （think）and then let me know.【答案】 thought【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在沒(méi)必要告訴我答案，你再思考一下，之后告訴我。 這里指讓對(duì)方再好好想想
9、。根據(jù)空格前有some，故填名詞thought。14.Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.Id like to, but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _（apology） .【答案】apologies【解析】句意：Dave，去跟你的媽媽道歉。我想這樣做，但是我擔(dān)心她對(duì)我的道歉不滿意。 英語(yǔ)中，給別人的祝賀（congratulations）、祝福（wishes）、感謝（thanks）、道歉（apologies）和問(wèn)候（greetings）等都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填apologies。15.Some schools will
10、 have to make _（adjustment） in agreement with the national soccer reform.【答案】adjustments 【解析】句意：為了與國(guó)家的足球改革相適應(yīng)，一些學(xué)校必須做出調(diào)整。根據(jù)空格前沒(méi)有指示代詞、形容詞性所有格和冠詞可知，此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故adjustments 。16. One of the most effective ways to reduce （stressful） is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.【答案】stress 【解析】句意：減少壓力的最有效的
11、方法之一是和你信任的人談?wù)勀愕南敕?。reduce做“減少”時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，其后接賓語(yǔ)，故用名詞形式stress。17.She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful （symbolic） in last years election.【答案】symbol【解析】 考查名詞 。根據(jù)空格前有冠詞a和形容詞powerful可知此處填名詞symbol。 句意：雖然兩年前就已遭軟禁，她在去年的選舉中仍然是勢(shì)力強(qiáng)大的代表人物。故填symbol。18. Wind is now the worlds fastest gro
12、wing _ （sourced）of power.【答案】source【解析】 考查的是名詞 。 根據(jù)空格前有the worlds fastest growing可知此處應(yīng)該填名詞。句義：風(fēng)力是現(xiàn)在世界上增長(zhǎng)速度最快的電力來(lái)源。根據(jù)句義可知source of power指電力來(lái)源。故填source。19. We most prefer to say yes to the _ （request）of someone we know and like.【答案】requests 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前有the可知此處應(yīng)該用名詞，又根據(jù)空格后的of someone可知此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意： 我們
13、更喜歡同意那些我們了解和喜歡的人的請(qǐng)求。故填requests 。20Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their _（expose） to patients.【答案】exposure【解析】考查名詞。句意：醫(yī)護(hù)人員因接觸病人而有被感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)空格前有their這個(gè)形容詞性物主動(dòng)詞，故填名詞exposure。 21If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a comm
14、on _(practical) in the USA.【答案】practice 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前有a common,故填名詞形式practice 。句意為：如果你想去看醫(yī)生，你要提前和他約定日期。那在美國(guó)是一種慣例。common practice意為“普遍的做法，慣例”。22In 2013，Beijing adopted an emergency _(respond) program for air pollution.【答案】response【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前有冠詞an和名詞emergency，故填名詞形式response。 句意為：在2013年，北京通過(guò)了空氣污染應(yīng)急
15、響應(yīng)計(jì)劃。emergency response應(yīng)急響應(yīng)。23Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is a _(except).【答案】exception 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前的冠詞a可知此處需用名詞，故填exception 。句意為：通常情況下，“年度最佳球員”這一頭銜會(huì)給最好球隊(duì)中的大牌運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但是這一次卻是個(gè)例外。exception一般情況以外的人(或事物)，例外。24Although war still exists o
16、n our planet，I do believe its possible for different ethnic groups to live together in _（harmonious）.【答案】harmony【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前的介詞in可知此處要用名詞，故填harmony。句意為：盡管我們的星球上依然存在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，但是我堅(jiān)信不同種族的人民是能和諧相處的。live together in harmony和諧相處。25 Dont wait for an _ (apologize)“Many times the person who hurt you may never thi
17、nk of apologizing，” says Dr.Luskin.【答案】apology【解析】句意：不要等待道歉。拉斯科說(shuō)：“多次傷害你的人也許從來(lái)就不會(huì)考慮道歉?！辈欢ü谠~an后須用名詞形式，根據(jù)apologize可知答案填apology。26He pushed and pulled with all his _(strong)to move it.【答案】strength【解析】句意：他用力地推拉將它(石頭)移走。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，with后面接名詞，故填strength。27He asked _(permit)to introduce his friend，whose name w
18、as Mr Wickham，and who had apparently arrived recently from London.【答案】permission【解析】句意：他請(qǐng)求允許介紹他的朋友，他的朋友威克姆先生，顯然是最近從倫敦來(lái)的。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處動(dòng)詞ask后面須用名詞，故填permission。28.Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of _(adolescent)【答案】adolescents【解析】句意：專家們希望全社會(huì)都來(lái)關(guān)心青少年的心理健康。根據(jù)句意可知，此處泛指
19、“青少年”，用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指，故填adolescents。29Girls are luckier than boys；they have more flexible _(choose)than boys.【答案】choices【解析】句意：女孩比男孩要幸運(yùn)些，她們比男孩有更靈活的選擇。前面flexible是形容詞，后面須接名詞；choice此處應(yīng)為可數(shù)名詞，意味著多種選擇，故填choices。30I have a strong _(believe)that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets，too.【答案】belief【解析】句意：我堅(jiān)
20、信有朝一日中國(guó)學(xué)生也會(huì)購(gòu)買這些票。空白處前面有a strong修飾，說(shuō)明空白處須填可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。31So I asked her why she sat there in _(silent)【答案】silence【解析】句意：因此我問(wèn)她為什么坐在那里沉默不語(yǔ)。in silence“沉默”，是固定用法。32About 20 percent of _(baby)feel nervous when they see strangers.【答案】babies【解析】句意：約百分之二十的嬰兒見到陌生人會(huì)感到緊張。baby是可數(shù)名詞，前面有百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。33There was never a
21、time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _(hour)二單句改錯(cuò)1.It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little different. _【答案】different改為difference【解析】考查名詞。make little difference意為“沒(méi)有多大區(qū)別”，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：make no difference沒(méi)有影響；make a diffe
22、rence有影響，起重要作用。故把different改為difference。2.Jianbing，one of the most popular snacks in China，appeals to almost everyone in America and has become new hit foods there. _【答案】foods改為food【解析】考查名詞。此處food是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)學(xué)生。句意為：煎餅是中國(guó)最受歡迎的小吃之一。它幾乎吸引了每一個(gè)美國(guó)人并且已成為那里新的風(fēng)行一時(shí)的食品。hit在此處為名詞，意為“成功而轟動(dòng)(或風(fēng)行)一時(shí)的人或物”。3.Time and
23、time again she was warned of the consequence of her action. _【答案】consequence改為consequences【解析】考查名詞。句意：她一次又一次地被警告要注意她的行為的后果。根據(jù)“Time and time again ”可知此處需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把consequence改為consequences。4.It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your credits. _【答案】credits改成cre
24、dit【解析】考查名詞。句意為：按時(shí)支付電子賬單是很重要的，因?yàn)檠悠谥Ц稌?huì)影響你的信用。credit做“信譽(yù)，信用”講時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。故把credits改成credit。5.True happiness does not lie in the possessions of money，but the joy of achievement._【答案】 possessions 改成 possession【解析】考查名詞。possession占有，擁有,是不可數(shù)名詞。句意為：真正的幸福不在于金錢的占有，而在于取得成就的喜悅。故把possessions 改成 possession。6. The boo
25、k which you bought yesterday are so interesting. _【答案】 book 改成 books【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)后面的“are”可知book應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把book 改成 books。7. Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste a wide variety of apple. _【答案】 apple改成 apples【解析】考查名詞。a variety of “各種各樣的”要修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故把a(bǔ)pple改成 apples。3. The life of
26、 these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman fromParis called Gin. 【答案】 life改成 lives【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have been可知life 應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把life改成 lives。句意：多虧了一位來(lái)自巴黎叫金恩的法國(guó)人的影響，這些人的生活終于被記錄下來(lái)了。4. The company has got lots of new equipments. 【答案】 equipments改成 equipment【解析】考查名詞。equi
27、pment“設(shè)備”是不可數(shù)名詞,故把equipments改成 equipment。5. I had no choices but to prepare for it，though. 【答案】choices改成 choice 【解析】考查名詞?！癶ave no choice but to do sth別無(wú)選擇，只有”是固定表達(dá)方式,故把choices改成 choice。6. The first time I landed on the country, I couldn t make an adjust to the customs of the country. 【答案】adjust 改成 a
28、djustment【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)其前面有冠詞an可知其后需要用名詞，故把a(bǔ)djust 改成 adjustment。句意：第一次來(lái)到這個(gè)國(guó)家的時(shí)候，我無(wú)法適應(yīng)這個(gè)國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。7. There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some thinking and then let me know. 【答案】thinking 改成thought【解析】考查名詞。some修飾名詞，故把thinking 改成thought。句意：現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有必要告訴我你的答案。好好想想，然后告訴我。8. Only a few dollar can he
29、lp to fill a childs hungry stomach. 【答案】dollar 改成dollars【解析】考查名詞。a few 要修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故把dollar 改成dollars。句意：只有幾塊錢就能幫孩子填飽肚子。9. I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride on my ninth birthdays. 【答案】birthdays 改成birthday【解析】考查名詞。由my ninth可知birthday要用單數(shù)形式。句意：我仍然感謝我的叔叔在我的第九個(gè)生日時(shí)教我騎車。10.why not buy
30、a second-hand cars first if you dont have enough money for a new one? 【答案】cars 改成car【解析】考查名詞。a second-hand要修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故把cars 改成car。11. Reading for pleasureplays a more important role in ones grow than ones family background. 【答案】grow 改成growth【解析】考查名詞。ones是形容詞性所有格，要修飾名詞，故把動(dòng)詞grow 改成名詞growth。句意：“快樂(lè)讀書”比家庭
31、背景對(duì)一個(gè)人的成長(zhǎng)起著更重要的作用。12. As a witness, he gave the police a vivid descriptions of the accident. 【答案】descriptions改成description【解析】考查名詞。a 要修飾單數(shù)名詞，故把descriptions改成description。13. You cant legally take possessions of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 【答案】possessions 改成possession【
32、解析】考查名詞。take possession of占有，是固定搭配。故把possessions 改成possession。14. We are told that Professor Chen lives on the twenty-second floors of this building. 【答案】floors 改成floor【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)“the twenty-second ”可知其后要接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故把floors 改成floor。15. Two-fifths of the machines on display are new item. 【答案】item 改成item
33、s【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)“Two-fifths of the machines ”和“are”可知，item應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把item 改成items。16.Some sellers were shouting at the top of their voice to attract people s attentions. 【答案】attentions改成attention【解析】考查名詞。attention“注意，注意力”,是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把a(bǔ)ttentions改成attention。17 To my great joys， Mary took good care of
34、me. 【答案】joys改成joy【解析】考查名詞。joy“快樂(lè)，愉悅”，是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把joys改成joy。“to ones joy”使某人高興的是。18Why not come and join us if you want to know more informations about our future space school? 【答案】informations改成information【解析】考查名詞。information“消息，信息”，是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把informations改成information。19It is well known
35、that doing exercise can help people lose weights and have a healthy life. 【答案】weights改成weight【解析】考查名詞。weight“重量”是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把weights改成weight.lose weight,減肥。20Sometimes failure can make us lose hearts. 【答案】 hearts改成 heart【解析】考查名詞。lose heart“泄氣，失去信心”是固定搭配。故把 hearts改成 heart。21 They may be too young
36、 to tell right from wrong without the guidance of their parents. Some may take illegal activity . 【答案】activity 改成 activities【解析】考查名詞。activity“活動(dòng)”是可數(shù)名詞，其前面沒(méi)有形容詞性物主動(dòng)詞、冠詞和指示代詞，又根據(jù)本句主語(yǔ)是some可知，需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故把a(bǔ)ctivity 改成 activities。句意：他們可能還太年輕，沒(méi)有父母的指導(dǎo)，不能分辨是非。有些人可能從事非法活動(dòng)。22But my fathers dead changed meMy life b
37、ecame poorer, but my mother tried her best to give me what I wanted even though it was too difficult for her. 【答案】 dead 改成 death【解析】考查名詞。my fathers是形容詞性所有格，其后需解名詞，而dead是形容詞，故把dead 改成 death。句意：但我父親的死改變了我，我的生活變得越來(lái)越窮，但我母親盡力給我想要的，盡管這對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。23 After we walked along the bank for forty minute, we reached
38、the Happy Valley. 【答案】 minute 改成 minutes【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)forty可知其后該加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故把minute 改成 minutes。24.It is necessary that one should eat various kind of healthy food such as fish, eggs, vegetables and fruits. 【答案】 kind改成 kinds【解析】考查名詞。various“各種各樣的”修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故把kind改成 kinds。句意：有必要吃各種健康食品，如魚類、雞蛋、蔬菜和水果。 25.By the way， after the contest，I am to drop in at your universities to visit you. 【答案】 universities改成 university【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)句意“順便說(shuō)一下，比賽結(jié)束后，我要去你們的大學(xué)參觀一下?！笨芍猽niversity應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。故把 universities改成 university。10
2020年高考英語(yǔ) 必考點(diǎn) 專題01 名詞（高效演練）（含解析）
