2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時提能練45-46 北師大版

課時提能練45-46課時提能練(四十五)選修8Unit 23Conflict(A)課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.單句語法填空1(2018·北京卷)I'd like to make an appointment (appoint) for next Wednesday afternoon.2Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful (hand) of small carrots and was about to throw them away.3The distribution (distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.4One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration (immigrate)5Interestingly，the same rating may have different influences on different consumers (consume).單句改錯1Bob Geldof，who organized Live Aid，intending to raise money for the famine and it turned out to be a great success.intendingintended2Many a quarrel have come about through a misunderstanding.havehas3He is in the possession of a large estate in the country.去掉the4Do you subscribe any professional journals？subscribe后加to5There is only a handful of birds in the cage.isare.選詞成篇A1Exposed_to so many difficulties，the young manager 2.talked_them_over_ with his colleagues.First，he remarked that they should 3.look_into the matter and find out how it 4.came_about.Then he intended to 5.send_for the experts to help solve the problems.Finally，he pointed that everybody should work hard and never 6.give_in to any difficulty.BThe government has 7.called_on the graduate to work in the west.No matter what happens，I'll 8.keep_my_word.9.The_longer I work there, the_more I like it. 10.As_far_as_I_am_concerned I hope to work there all my life.完成句子1A working party has been set up to look_into_the_problem(調(diào)查這個問題)2Trouble can call_out_a_person's_best_qualities(激發(fā)一個人最優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì))3No_sooner_had_we_arrived_at (我們剛到)the station than the train left.4Not until the motorbike looked almost new did_he_stop (他停下來)repairing and cleaning it.5I don't mind her criticizing me，but it_is_how_she_does_it (她批評我的方式)that I object to.課時作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測)If you've ever had a dog，you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend”But a dog's life is much shorter than humans，about 12 to 15 years long，which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company，Sooam Biotech Research Foundation.The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs，mostly for US customers，ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005.Now，Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well，offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog，researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died.Meanwhile，another dog is selected to supply an egg.Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb(子宮) of a female dog.The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.The whole process takes less than a day，but it comes at a shockingly high pricearound 63,000.But if you can't afford it now，you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.However，magical as cloning might sound，there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one.Just like identical twins of humans，they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them.“The spots on a Dalmatian(斑點狗) clone will be different，for example，” Insung Hwang，head of Sooam Biotech，told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”Apart from genes，personality is also determined by upbringing and environment，which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome，Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University，UK，told The Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.Kirkwood，a dog owner himself，pointed out，“An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了克隆狗技術(shù)。1What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?AMaking copies of pet dogs.BGiving pet dogs identical twins.CHelping dogs give birth to more puppies.DHelping dog owners love their dogs more.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Now，Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well，offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones”可知，這家公司所提供的服務(wù)就是克隆已逝的寵物狗，故選A。2Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?aAn egg is taken from another dog.bA skin cell is taken from the pet dog.cThe egg grows into a puppy in two months.dThe egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.eThe DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.Aadbec.Baebdc.Cbadec.Dbaedc.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對第三段的整體理解可知，實驗的第一步是從狗身上提取皮膚細(xì)胞，另一只被選擇的狗提供一個卵子，將卵子中的DNA替換成皮膚細(xì)胞中的DNA之后，將卵子植入一只母狗的子宮，最后卵子在接下來的兩個月中生長為一只小狗，故選D。3What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?AIt has not been put into practice until recently.BIt is very popular among US and UK pet owners.CIt might not give the owners an exactly same dog.DIt is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“However，magical as cloning might sound，there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one”可知，克隆狗和原來的狗可能并非完全一樣，故選C。4What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?AHe disagrees with it.BHe supports it.CHe is curious about it.DHe thinks it unbelievable.A觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Kirkwood說的話“An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go”可知，他認(rèn)為人類和寵物狗之間的關(guān)系的一個重要方面是要接受失去它們的痛苦；由此可推知，Kirkwood并不贊成克隆狗，故選A。B(2019·惠州市第二次調(diào)研)Do you find it difficult to put down your mobile phone?If yes，you're not alone.These days，many people suffer from the stress of FOMO(fear of missing out)They reach for their mobile phones when they wake up in the morning，and for the rest of the day，they constantly scroll down the timelines of their social media apps to get the latest updates.Despite the convenience smartphones bring，many people struggle with their digital habits.As Sameer Samat，vice president of product management，said in his speech at the 2018 Google I/O developer conference on May 8,70% of people don't want to spend so much time on their phones.This is why during the conference Google introduced an app called Dashboard for the new version of its Android operating system.This new app includes well­being functions that aim to help users manage the time they spend on their digital devices.It all starts with a bird's­eye view.Dashboard allows users to look at all the details of their phone habits.For example，users can see how many times they've unlocked their phone and how many times they've checked their social media apps，as well as how much time they spend on each app every day.Once the users see this information，they'll be able to make some changes.With the AppTimer functions，users can set a time limit for how long they can use each app for every day.After they've hit the limit，they won't be able to launch the app until the next day.But even if users become more mindful of their usage，they're still likely to be drawn in by notifications(通知)This is where the Shush feature comes in.It automatically silences incoming calls and notifications when a user puts his/her phone face down.If people truly want to make full use of their free time instead of losing hours using their smartphones，these new functions are just one way of doing that.After all，who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower?【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者以人們不想浪費過多的時間在手機(jī)上為切入點，介紹了一款可以用來阻止人們過度使用手機(jī)的應(yīng)用程序，包括其功能和特色等。5People under the pressure of FOMO may _.Ahave trouble with their sleepBfind it hard to focus on anythingCbe addicted to their mobile phonesDprefer to download the latest appsC推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“They reach for their mobile phones when they wake up in the morning，and for the rest of the day，they constantly scroll down the timelines of their social media apps to get the latest updates”可推知，承受著FOMO的壓力，人們可能沉迷于手機(jī)，故選C。6What inspires Google to launch Dashboard?AThe limited functions of the current Android system.BPeople's complaint about their smartphones.CSamat's impressive speech at a conference.DMobile phone users' great demand.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合第四段中的“70% of people don't want to spend so much time on their phones”可知，70%的人不想花那么多時間在手機(jī)上。據(jù)此可推知，Google推出Dashboard是因為手機(jī)用戶的極大需求。故選D。7_can track users' phone habits in detail.AAndroid BAppTimerCShushDDashboardD細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Dashboard allows users to look at all the details of their phone habits”可知，Dashboard可以詳細(xì)跟蹤用戶的手機(jī)習(xí)慣。故選D。8What can be learned from the passage?ADashboard turned out to be popular.BDashboard is a perfect choice to manage time properly.CStrong willpower is the easiest way to avoid smartphone addiction.DPeople are exploring other ways to stop overusing smartphones.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“After all，who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower？”可知，其實最簡單的阻止自己過度使用手機(jī)的方法就是用自己的意志力。故選C。.閱讀七選五(2019·成都市畢業(yè)班第一次診斷性檢測)From sports teams to movie characters，we love supporting the weak.While that's inspiring for a film or a story，it can be hard to remain positive when you're experiencing a struggle.It's said that what is most personal is most universal. _1_ Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.You can shine a light for others._2_ Sometimes，that's all someone needs to get through a difficult time.You can help even more by applying ideas and solutions creatively to their own problems._3_It's uncomfortable to admit to others your failures，struggles or other moments of weakness.That's true for everyone yet opening yourself up to moments of weakness is surprisingly satisfying.It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.People will support you._4_ We all do.So why not share the ways you've faced great difficulty and bounced back？If no one knows your struggles then they'll never know to cheer for you or what you've overcome to reach where you are today.Another great aspect of sharing your story is that it helps you remember the lesson you learned._5_ Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward.You can also share key experience alongside your story so others can learn，too.AIt helps you find your voice.BYou love a good comeback story.CIt allows you to practice courage.DYou can objectively analyze your own past.EThat's why your story can bring much value.FBe open with the world about the good and the bad.GSharing your story will help them realize they aren't alone.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了與他人分享你的奮斗故事的原因。1E承接上文“It's said that what is most personal is most universal”，并與下文“Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles”相呼應(yīng)可推知，E項“這就是你的故事能帶來很多價值的原因”符合語境，所以選E項。2G根據(jù)下文“Sometimes，that's all someone needs to get through a difficult time”，并結(jié)合上文“You can shine a light for others”可推知，分享你的故事有助于與他人產(chǎn)生共鳴，所以選G項。3C根據(jù)下文中的“It requires courage and being courageous requires practice”可推知，本段主要講述的是分享你的故事有助于訓(xùn)練自己的勇氣，所以選C項。4B根據(jù)下文“We all do.So why not share the ways you've faced great difficulty and bounced back？”可推知，人們都喜歡東山再起的故事，所以不如將你面臨很大困難卻能重整旗鼓的方法分享給別人，所以選B項。5D根據(jù)下文“Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客觀地分析自己的過去，從而總結(jié)經(jīng)驗、吸取教訓(xùn)，所以選D項。.語法填空(2019·沈陽市教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測一)Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when we think of hearing loss，but in a recent report，hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults 1._ it comes to living with hearing loss.The rise in popularity of personal audio devices from iPods to smart phones has had dangerous effect on the ears of those who use them mostteenagers! A study 2._(conduct) by the World Health Organization finds that nearly 50% of teens 3._(fall) into the habit of exposing themselves to unsafe levels of sound so far.A sound is considered unsafe when it goes beyond 85 decibels(分貝)At that level，it takes just 8 hours of listening over your lifetime to cause damage.The louder the sound is，the 4._(little) time it takes to cause damage.Because hearing loss is 5._(typical) considered a health problem for the elderly，it is difficult to convince already stubborn teenagers that they really are doing damage 6._ their ears.Young adults 7._ have been exposed to noise over a period of time may have some hearing loss symptoms.Their 8._(able) to learn is compromised，and they may have difficulty developing social skills.In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing，we suggest 9._(set) volume limits on personal audio devices.10._ is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要分析了青少年聽力下降的原因并提出了相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對策略。1when考查固定用法。when it comes to sth.意為“當(dāng)涉及某事時”，為固定用法，故填when。2conducted考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動詞conduct和句子主語A study構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填其過去分詞形式。3have fallen考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句子中的時間狀語“so far”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，故填have fallen。4less考查形容詞的比較級?！皌he比較級，the比較級”意為“越越”，為固定句型，根據(jù)該句中的“The louder”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級，故填less。5typically考查副詞。修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用副詞typically修飾其后的動詞“considered”，在句子中作狀語。6to考查介詞。do damage to“對造成損害”是固定用法，故此處應(yīng)填介詞to。7who/ that考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Young adults，且在從句中作主語，故填who/that。8ability考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語境及空前的形容詞性物主代詞Their 可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞；又根據(jù)空后的“is”可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞的單數(shù)形式，故填ability。9setting考查非謂語動詞。suggest doing sth.“建議做某事”，是固定用法，并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)填setting。10It考查代詞。It系動詞形容詞to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主語，不定式作真正的主語，故填I(lǐng)t。課時提能練(四十六)選修8Unit 23Conflict(B)課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.單句語法填空1Our teacher was handing out the exercise books when a telephone call was for her.2It is not until you've finished your homework that you are allowed to go out.3The suspect was terrified of saying something that would make him betray himself (he)4This house has been in the possession of him since 1950.5The book intended (intend) for children has been published.單句改錯1Children exposing to difficult situations are better at handling those challenging tasks.exposingexposed2The old man intends that his son manages the company.managesmanage3She is a person，who always looks down others.down后加upon/on4The meeting is very important，so we must get there at the appointing time.appointingappointed5The manager was about to leave while his secretary called him back.whilewhen.完成句子1我們的女兒是一個不錯的舞者，她從許多舞者中脫穎而出。Our daughter is a great dancer；she stands_out above the rest.2為提高銷售額而提出了各種各樣的建議。Various proposals were_put_forward for increasing sales.3我剛走到外面就開始下雨了。No_sooner_had_I_gone_out than it began to rain.4他拉上窗簾遮住陽光。He drew the curtain to_keep_the_sun_off.5供水能維持整個夏天嗎？Will the water supply hold_out_through_the_summer?課時作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·石家莊一模)Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies.Most time the task is easily accomplished with parents reading or talking to their babies.However，in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf.Now，an adorable blue­eyed robot，a human avatar，and some high­tech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task.The Robot AVatar thermal­Enhanced system，or RAVE，is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by Laura­Ann Petitto，an educational neuroscientist，at Washington，D.C.'s Gallaudet University.The learning process begins when the robot's camera，which is focused on the baby's face，detects tiny changes in his/her body temperature. This，combined with the baby's facial expression，causes the robot to turn its head and guide the baby's attention to a computer screen，on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby，much like a parent would.For example，if the baby points towards the screen，the avatar might respond，“Are you pointing to me？” and follow that up with a nursery rhyme，fairy tale，or some essential social communication，all in American Sign Language(ASL)The “conversation” continues until the kid loses interest.The researchers，who have been testing the system for three years，found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes.Petitto says natural language，whether communicated through speech or sign，activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motions prove the babies are learning the essential elements of communication.What sets this technique apart from other methods，such as showing educational videos or television shows，is its interactive nature and real­time response to the baby's actions.The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the system's long­term influence on baby communication，the initial response has been very encouraging.Next，they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種可以幫助父母教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的系統(tǒng)，以及該系統(tǒng)的工作原理、效果評價和研究人員對這種技術(shù)的展望。1What can the RAVE system help parents do?AImprove babies' health condition.BTake good care of babies.CDevelop babies' language skills.DKeep babies company.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies.”可知，專家認(rèn)為教孩子語言技能的最佳時間是孩子的嬰兒時期；結(jié)合第一段尾句“Now，an adorable blue­eyed robot.this important developmental task.”以及第二段可知，RAVE系統(tǒng)可以幫助父母完成教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的任務(wù)，故C項正確。2What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?AHow babies learn ASL effectively.BHow parents educate their babies.CHow robots talk and read to babies.DHow the RAVE system works.D段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，機(jī)器人的攝像頭可以檢測到嬰兒細(xì)微的體溫變化并與嬰兒的面部表情相結(jié)合，使機(jī)器人轉(zhuǎn)動頭部，引導(dǎo)嬰兒注意電腦屏幕，在電腦屏幕上，一個人類的形象開始與嬰兒交流，就像父母一樣；結(jié)合全段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了RAVE系統(tǒng)的工作原理，故D項正確。3What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system?AInterest in videos and TV shows.BChanges in their body temperature.CImprovement in their natural language.DHand movements in a rhythm like ASL.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“babies as young.a few minutes”可知，在和這種系統(tǒng)交流互動之后，嬰兒就會開始以類似于ASL的節(jié)奏晃動他們的手，故D項正確。4What do the researchers think of the RAVE system?APromising.BImpractical.CSatisfactory.DDisappointing.A觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三句可知，盡管對這種系統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)嬰兒交流技能的長期影響進(jìn)行評價為時過早，但是其初期的表現(xiàn)令人鼓舞。研究人員將在下一步推出可以用手語和口語與嬰兒交流的形象。據(jù)此可知，研究人員對這種系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展是充滿著希望的，A項意為“很有前途的，大有希望的”，符合語境，故A項正確。B(2019·南昌NCS20190607項目一模)Alongside air and water，food is a necessity for human beings to survive and thrive.But it's a lot more than that.As Mariette Dichristina of Scientific American wrote，“The most intimate(親密的) relationship we will ever have is not with any fellow human being.Instead，it is between our bodies and our food.”Nowadays，for most people in the world's wealthiest countries，food is a hobby，an enthusiasm，an even something fashionable.Turn on the TV in the US.，U.K.or France，and you'll find at least one channel feeding this popular obsession.And most of us know at least one person who thinks of themselves as a “foodie”It's almost impossible nowadays to check our social media apps without at least two or three photos of delicious meals appearing on our screen.But behind the fancy recipes and social media bragging(夸耀)，many of us forget how much we take food for granted.This is why World Food Day is held each year.Take Kenya for example.This east African nation has been suffering terrible droughts.The result is that people are beginning to starve.Children in particular are suffering，with some of them even dying.This may seem shocking to kn