2020高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)提能練8 Unit 3 Computers 新人教版必修2

課時(shí)提能練(八)Unit 3Computers課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面.語境語法填空AOur life has changed a lot since the 1.appearance (appear) of computers. Complicated issues have been 2.simplified (simple). For example, financial services are becoming more easily accessible. 3.Operators (operate) just use a keyboard or a mouse to get their work finished in a short time. Now, 4.intelligent (intelligence) computers are being more widely used, even in the 5.exploration (explore) and recognition of the universe. 6.Personally (personal), computers will influence all aspects of our life with more 7.application (apply) softwares being developed.BI was homesick after I arrived in Canada. After 8.all, this was the first time that I had left home. I found it hard to adapt to my new school life and I didn't know 9.how to deal with my new classmates. As 10.a result, I felt nervous and depressed. My deskmate Tom offered me a hand. Because we had a lot 11.in common, we became good friends soon. 12.With his help, I quickly got along well with all the others and worked 13.out many difficulties in life. Two years has gone 14.by, and everything is OK for me. In reality, I am truly enjoying the life in Canada now.CWith the sun 15.rising (rise), I was expecting a new start. After a quick breakfast, I went to my office 16.feeling (feel) energetic and quickly devoted my attention to my work. So much work did I have to do 17.that I had no time to take a rest. However, 18.as the day went on, the weather was getting worse. It didn't take long 19.before a heavy rain came. I stopped my work and was hurrying back home. Unfortunately, I fell off my bicycle. As well as 20.breaking (break) one of my legs, I hurt both of my arms.語境短文改錯(cuò)根據(jù)P23課文內(nèi)容，對下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。I'm part in an android football team. On the football team I'm a striker so I have to able to run very fast. My computer chips help me to move and thinks like a human. My first football competition is in Japan several years ago. In the way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possibly moves she has seen while she watching human games. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like themselves. After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forget anything, use my intelligence is what I'm all about!答案I'm part an android football team. On the football team I'm a striker so I have to able to run very fast. My computer chips help me to move and like a human. My first football competition in Japan several years ago. In way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the moves she has seen while watching human games. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like . After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never anything, my intelligence is what I'm all about!.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟奈廴?，很多物種正在滅絕。(result)There is more and more pollution. As a result, many species are dying out.As a result of more and more pollution, many species are dying out.2半個(gè)小時(shí)后，他們才會離開閱覽室。(before)It will be half an hour before they leave the reading room. 3和別人分享你的快樂，你就會得到更多的快樂。(share)Share your happiness with others, and you will get more happiness.4無論何時(shí)我們遇到困難，他總是樂意幫助我們。(whenever)He is always willing to help us whenever we meet with difficulties5天氣非常寒冷，以至于街上沒有人。It was so cold a day that there was nobody on the street.(so)It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.(such)Such a cold day was it that there was nobody on the street.(such倒裝句)So cold a day was it that there was nobody on the street.(so倒裝句)課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面.閱讀理解A(2019·江西省三名校聯(lián)考)A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities.The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by sophisticated (復(fù)雜的) artificial intelligence algorithms (演算法) may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality，” wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team followed 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determined their personality traits with “well­established questionnaires” for determining the personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.The researchers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's major personality traits, such as “neuroticism, extraversion (外向), agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as curiosity”，the scientists wrote.“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high­tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines，” Loetscher said.“People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Today's robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non­verbal information，” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by The Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals.The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain's Daily Mail newspaper.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)人工智能計(jì)算機(jī)和機(jī)器人通過讀人眼球的運(yùn)動從而一窺人的個(gè)性的研究。1What do the underlined words “peer into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AUnderstand.BStare at.CSearch for.DConcern about.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul”，并結(jié)合對第一段的整體理解可推知，此處peer into與第一段中的“read”呼應(yīng)，故選A。2How did the researchers conduct the research?AIt was carried out in a lab.B42 subjects' eye movements were recorded.CThe students' daily movements were tracked.DIts subjects' personalities were determined by computer.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對第三段的整體理解可知，這項(xiàng)研究是通過追蹤42個(gè)研究對象并記錄他們的眼球運(yùn)動來開展的，故選B。3According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know?ARobots and computers are socially conscious.BPeople care less about improved, personalized services.CToday's robots and computers can accustom to non­verbal information.DThe discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對倒數(shù)第三段的整體理解可知，這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于改善人類和機(jī)器的互動，故選D。4What can be a suitable title for the text?AHuman Personality TraitsBWhat Human Eye Movements AreCTell Personalities by Eye MovementsDHow Humans and Machines InteractC標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段開篇點(diǎn)題，并結(jié)合對全文的整體理解可推知，本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)人工智能計(jì)算機(jī)和機(jī)器人通過讀人眼球的運(yùn)動從而一窺人的個(gè)性的研究，故選C。B(2019·大連市一模)It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Head Start” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into preschool institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Head Start” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child's first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four­year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socioeconomic statuses, ages and family structures. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds or family structures. The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was the poor quality of parent­child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Head Start” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.【語篇解讀】本文主要通過對比兩項(xiàng)側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的教育項(xiàng)目表明，要實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公平就應(yīng)該關(guān)注對父母的教育，使其與孩子之間進(jìn)行高品質(zhì)互動，并且意識到孩子出生后前三年的重要性。5What caused the failure of the “Head Start” program?AThe large number of poor families.BThe disapproval from children.CThe late start of the program.DThe long period of time.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第五句“But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late”可知，Head Start項(xiàng)目的失敗是因?yàn)槠溟_始得太晚了。6What do we know about the “Missouri” program?AIt focused on the children's first school teachers.BIt helped the children return to the same home.CIt made the children improved in many aspects.DIt gave the parents advice on their development.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers”可推知，Missouri項(xiàng)目讓參與的孩子們在許多方面都有改善。7According to the passage, what is likely to influence children's performance?AThe number of family members.BThe parent­child communication.CThe intelligence of their parents.DThe teacher­student relationship.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was the poor quality of parent­child interaction”可知，父母和孩子之間的交流質(zhì)量是影響孩子發(fā)展的因素之一。故選B。8How does the author develop the passage?ABy listing figures.BBy making comparisons.CBy presenting ideas.DBy drawing conclusions.B篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是通過對比兩個(gè)側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的教育項(xiàng)目， 從而組織文章的，故選B。.完形填空(2019·福州市質(zhì)量抽測)Growing up in the 1960s, I was taught from an early age to send a handwritten thank­you note expressing 1 for kindness. My mother used to buy me a box of paper and 2 me in the art and value of saying “thank you”. She 3 to be right.A study showed that it took less than 5 minutes to write the thank­you notes. Just 5 minutes to make 4 person feel overjoyed! 5 ， in our “instant” world, the idea of getting an actual pen and writing an actual note seems to never come to mind. We tend to do what is 6 for usa quick text or an email.It's easy to use the 7 of being busy, but even very busy and 8 businessmen find time to 9 thank­you notes. For example, when Douglas Conant became CEO of Campbell's, the company had 10 half of its market value and morale(士氣) was at an all­time low. He 11 fixing that by doing some simple things that are probably not 12 in any MBA class. For one thing, Conant wrote to every 13 . He gained their confidence and 14 ， turned the company 15 In his ten years as CEO, Conant wrote over 30，000 notes to employees. It's 16 not to ask how he did it. 17 ， he had many other things to do 18 writing a thank­you note. Conant made time for 19 because he knew the impact(影響) each one would have. An expression of 20 in this crazy world still makes a difference.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。小時(shí)候，媽媽教“我”用手寫的感謝便條來表達(dá)對善良的感激，并教“我”表達(dá)感謝的藝術(shù)和價(jià)值；研究表明，不到五分鐘就能用手寫好的感謝便條讓他人感到快樂。1A.concernBsympathyCaffectionDappreciationD根據(jù)該句中的“a handwritten thank­you note expressing for kindness”可知，該處指用手寫的感謝便條表達(dá)對善良的感激(appreciation)，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心，關(guān)心”；B項(xiàng)意為“同情”；C項(xiàng)意為“喜愛”。2A.consultBinstructCanswerDimpressB根據(jù)該句“My mother used to buy me a box of paper.and value of saying thank you”可知，“我”的媽媽過去常常給“我”買一箱紙，并教授(instruct)“我”表達(dá)感謝的藝術(shù)和價(jià)值，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“咨詢”；C項(xiàng)意為“回答”；D項(xiàng)意為“使留下深刻印象”。3A.remainedBprovedCappearedDclaimedB根據(jù)語境尤其是下文的內(nèi)容可推知，此處表示她證明(proved)(這樣做)是正確的，故B項(xiàng)符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“保持”；C項(xiàng)意為“顯得”；D項(xiàng)意為“聲稱”。4A.oneBany CeachDanotherD根據(jù)空前一句可知，寫感謝便條需要不到五分鐘的時(shí)間；并結(jié)合該句和常識可推知，此處表示僅花費(fèi)五分鐘就可以讓另一個(gè)(another)人非常高興，故D項(xiàng)正確。5A.YetBThereforeCSoDOtherwiseA根據(jù)該句中的“seems to never come to mind”并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，盡管僅花費(fèi)五分鐘就能用手寫好的感謝便條讓他人感到快樂，但是(Yet)，在我們這個(gè)“快捷的”世界里，人們似乎不愿意用這種方式表達(dá)謝意；據(jù)此可推知，該處前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確。6A.specialBnecessaryCconvenientDimportantC根據(jù)該句中的“a quick text or an email” 可推知，該處表示我們趨向于使用對我們來說方便的(convenient)方式快速發(fā)送的短信或電子郵件，故C項(xiàng)正確。7A.caseBexcuseCexampleDsituationB根據(jù)語境以及該句中的“of being busy”并結(jié)合常識可知，人們很容易以忙為借口(excuse)，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“事例”；C項(xiàng)意為“例子”；D項(xiàng)意為“情況”。8A.humorousBoptimisticCsuccessfulDexperiencedC根據(jù)語境可知，人們很容易以忙為借口，但即使是很忙碌和成功的(successful)商人也能找到時(shí)間寫(pen)感謝便條，故C項(xiàng)正確。9A.penBreceiveCdesignDdeliverA參見上題解析。10A.lostBgainedCdevelopedDdamagedA根據(jù)該句中的“morale(士氣) was at an all­time low”可知，士氣空前低落；據(jù)此可推知，這家公司已經(jīng)損失(lost)了一半的市值，故A項(xiàng)正確。11A.gave upBkept upCset aboutDworried aboutC根據(jù)該句中的“He fixing that by doing some simple things”并結(jié)合語境可推知，他開始做(set about)一些簡單的事情來解決這一問題，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“放棄”；B項(xiàng)意為“跟上”；D項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心”。12A.permittedBtaughtCcheckedDtestedB根據(jù)語境可推知，他所做的簡單的事情很可能沒有在任何MBA課堂上被教(taught)過，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“允許”；C項(xiàng)意為“檢查”；D項(xiàng)意為“測試”。13A.marketBbusinessmanCcompanyDemployeeD根據(jù)下文中的“gained their confidence”和“Conant wrote over 30，000 notes to employees”可推知，Conant給每個(gè)員工(employee)寫了便條，得到了他們的信任，故D項(xiàng)正確。14A.personallyBfranklyCnaturallyDoccasionallyC根據(jù)語境可推知，Conant得到了員工們的信任，順理成章地(naturally)，使公司好轉(zhuǎn)起來，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“親自”；B項(xiàng)意為“坦率地”；D項(xiàng)意為“偶然”。15A.upBdownCawayDaroundD參見上題解析。turn around意為“好轉(zhuǎn)，扭轉(zhuǎn)”，故D項(xiàng)正確。turn up意為“開大”；turn down意為“調(diào)低”；turn away意為“拒絕”。16A.hardBgreatCamazingDdisappointingA根據(jù)前一句可知，在擔(dān)任CEO的十年間，Conant給他的員工們寫了三萬多個(gè)便條；結(jié)合語境和常識可推知，這令人很難(hard)不去問他是如何做到的，故A項(xiàng)正確。17A.As usualBIn shortCBy the wayDAfter allD根據(jù)語境可推知，此處表示畢竟(After all)，除了(besides)寫感謝便條，他有許多其他事情要做，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“像往常一樣”，B項(xiàng)意為“簡言之”，C項(xiàng)意為“順便提一下”，都與文意不符。18A.byBinCbesidesDwithoutC參見上題解析。19A.meBitChimDthemB根據(jù)語境可知，空處指代空前一句中的“writing a thank­you note”，故B項(xiàng)正確。20A.kindnessBjoyCvalueDconfidenceA根據(jù)本文第一句中的“expressing for kindness”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，在這個(gè)瘋狂的世界中，善良(kindness)的表達(dá)仍然會有作用，故A項(xiàng)正確。- 9 -