（浙江專用）2020版高考英語大一輪新優(yōu)化復習 考點強化練16 Unit 1 Women of achievement 新人教版必修4

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1、 Unit 1 Women of achievement Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2017·浙江) There are energy savings to be made from all recyclable materials,sometimes huge savings.Recycling plastics and aluminum,for instance,uses only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting (提煉) aluminum. Long before most of us ev

2、en noticed what we now call “the environment,” Buckminster Fuller said,“Pollution is nothing but the resources (資源) we are not harvesting.We allow them to be left around because we’ve been ignorant of their value.” To take one example,let’s compare the throwaway economy (經(jīng)濟) with a recycling economy

3、 as we feed a cat for life. Say your cat weighs 5kg and eats one can of food each day.Each empty can of its food weighs 40g.In a throwaway economy,you would throw away 5,475 cans over the cat’s 15-year lifetime.That’s 219kg of steel—more than a fifth of a ton and more than 40 times the cat’s weight

4、. In a recycling economy,we would make one set of 100 cans to start with,and then replace them over and over again with recycled cans.Since almost 3% of the metal is lost during reprocessing,we’d have to make an extra 10 cans each year.But in all,only 150 cans will be used up over the cat’s lifetim

5、e—and we’ll still have 100 left over for the next cat. Instead of using up 219kg of steel,we’ve use only 6kg.And because the process of recycling steel is less polluting than making new steel,we’ve also achieved the following significant savings:in energy use—47% to 74%;in air pollution—85%;in wate

6、r pollution—35%;in water use—40%. 【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文?；厥绽帽戎匦律a(chǎn)要節(jié)省大量的資源。文章以貓食罐頭為例,通過對比分析不同的結果,說明了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟在減少環(huán)境污染以及能源消耗方面的優(yōu)勢。 1.What does Buckminster Fuller say about pollution? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.It is becoming more serious. B.It destroys the environment. C.It benefits the economy. D.It is the reso

7、urces yet to be used. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Pollution is nothing but the resources we are not harvesting.”可知,Buckminster Fuller認為污染就是我們還沒有回收利用的資源。故選D項。 2.How many cans will be used up in a cat’s 15-year lifetime in a recycling economy? A.50. B.100. C.150. D.250. 答案C 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“In a recy

8、cling economy”以及“But in all,only 150 cans will be used up over the cat’s lifetime”可知,答案為C項。 3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A.To promote the idea of recycling. B.To introduce an environmentalist. C.To discuss the causes of pollution. D.To defend the throwaway economy. 答案A

9、解析寫作意圖題。文章以貓食罐頭為例,說明了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟在減少環(huán)境污染以及能源消耗方面的優(yōu)勢,目的是為了推廣“回收利用”的理念。故選A項。 B Nobel Prize-winning author Doris Lessing has said winning the Nobel Prize in 2007 had been a “bloody disaster”. The increased media interest in her has meant that writing a full novel was next to impossible,she said. Lessing,

10、88,also said she would probably now be giving up writing novels.Her latest book is the partly fictional memoir(虛幻小說) entitled Alfred and Emily.Since her Nobel win she has been constantly in demand,she said.“All I do is give interviews and spend time being photographed.” Speaking about her writing,s

11、he said:“It has stopped;I don’t have any energy any more.”Lessing is the 11th woman to win the Nobel Prize for literature in its 106-year history.Her best known works include The Golden Notebook and The Diaries of Jane Somers(《薩默斯的日記》). She also recalled that,in the 1960s,she had been told that the

12、 Nobel Academy’s judges did not like her and she would never win.Ill-health prevented her from attending the prize ceremony in Stockholm,Sweden. Instead the Swedish Ambassador to London,Staffan Carlsson,presented the award to her in the UK.He told her she was being “crowned with a prize you have lo

13、ng deserved”. Lessing was born in Iran and moved to Rhodesia—now Zimbabwe—as a child before settling in England in 1949. Her first novel The Grass Is Singing was published the following year.Altogether she has written more than 50 novels,plays,memoirs and collections of short stories. 【語篇導讀】多麗絲·萊

14、辛,英國女作家。1919年10月22日生,2013年11月17日去世,享年94歲。多麗絲·萊辛被譽為繼伍爾芙之后最偉大的女性作家,并幾次獲得諾貝爾文學獎提名以及多個世界級文學獎項。在2007年10月11日,瑞典皇家科學院諾貝爾獎委員會宣布將2007年度諾貝爾文學獎授予這位英國女作家。她是迄今為止獲獎時最年長的女性諾貝爾獲獎者。 4.By saying winning the Nobel Prize was “a bloody disaster”,Lessing 　　　.? A.was too excited to go on writing her novels B.had her pe

15、aceful life disturbed by the increased media C.was asked to give some useful advice on how to write D.was forced to attend the prize ceremony in Stockholm 答案B 解析推理判斷題。文章第二段“The increased media interest in her...she said.”及第三段講述了萊辛獲得諾貝爾文學獎之后,不斷有媒體前來采訪、拍照,使她沒有足夠的時間專注于文學創(chuàng)作,從中可知,她的平靜的生活已經(jīng)被打亂。 5.Wha

16、t does the word “It” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? A.Bloody disaster. B.Lessing’s ill-health. C.Lessing’s writing work. D.Her first novel The Grass Is Singing. 答案C 解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文及“I don’t have any energy any more,”可猜出It應該是她的寫作,故選C項。 6.Lessing was given the Noble Prize because 　　　.? A.she w

17、as an 88-year-old woman B.she was a famous writer C.she made a great contribution to the literature D.she was the oldest writer alive then 答案C 解析推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知:萊辛筆耕五十多年,是位多產(chǎn)作家。除了長篇小說,還著有詩歌、散文、劇本、短篇小說等,諾貝爾委員會頒獎給萊辛的理由是她在文學上作出了杰出貢獻。 Ⅱ.七選五 Nowadays,the problem of generation gap becomes more and mor

18、e serious.Based on the survey by our school,the poor relationship between parents and their children is very common.1.　　　Or,do the strict family rules affect their relationship?? Firstly,in most of the families in the US,both of the parents have to go out for work in order to earn more money to pro

19、vide better environment for their lovely children.Unfortunately,this causes the rare communication between them and their children,since these parents always take a rest during leisure time.These parents and children cannot know deeply about each other.Then friction(摩擦) is easy to appear.2.　　　 Secon

20、dly,parents who ask their children to be absolutely obedient to them are also one of the grave causes of generation gap between them.Therefore,these children are not willing to communicate with their parents and most of these parents are not active to talk with their children.3.　　　? To solve these

21、problems,the busy parents should devote their spare time to communicating with their children actively so as to improve their relationship.At the same time,they can also observe their children’s behavior in order to understand their children’s personality and reduce the quarrel between them. 4.　　　

22、No doubt that can give a better image to their children since it can make their children feel free to chat with their parents.Then it is easy for the parents to approach their lovely children.Therefore,a close and harmonious relationship between parents and children appears.? In conclusion,to have

23、a close relationship between parents and children,the parents should devote their leisure time to talking with their children and observing their children’s personality and give their children the approaching images.5.　　? A.Therefore,a wide generation gap comes into being. B.Thus,misunderstanding

24、between them often occurs. C.Are these problems caused by the busy parents? D.Who are these problems more upsetting to? E.If so,this terrible phenomenon,generation gap,cannot occur any more. F.In fact most parents and children experience at least a little tension. G.Besides that,the parents sho

25、uld try to give up their absolute power in family. 答案與解析 【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章從三個方面討論如何使父母與孩子建立良好的關系。 1.C　該空前面講現(xiàn)在父母與孩子關系緊張很普遍,該空后面以疑問的形式提出了另一種可能的原因,所以該空也應該是以疑問的形式提出一種可能的原因。 2.A　該空前面“both of the parents have to go out for work in order to...to appear”講了孩子與父母摩擦的產(chǎn)生,緊接著就應該是講其后果。選項A正是產(chǎn)生摩擦后的后果。 3.B　該空前面講

26、孩子與父母缺少溝通交流,緊接著就應該是講其后果。選項B正是其后果。 4.G　該空上一段“To solve these problems,the busy parents should devote their spare time to...”講父母為緩解與孩子的緊張關系應該擠出時間多與孩子交流,該空后面講父母應該在孩子心目中樹立良好的形象,故而該空應該是承上啟下。G項里的Besides that正是承上啟下。 5.E　通讀本段內(nèi)容可知,作者講的是為了與孩子建立良好的關系,父母應該怎么做。只有E項能作為其結果。 Ⅲ.應用文寫作 (2017·浙江) 假定你是李華,計劃組織一次郊游,請給

27、你的英國朋友Chris寫封郵件邀請他參加。內(nèi)容包括: 1.參加者; 2.時間、地點; 3.活動:登山、野餐等。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)80左右; 2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。 ? ? ? ? 參考范文 Dear Chris, I am writing to tell you that an outgoing to West Hill will be held this Saturday morning,which all the students in our class will take part in.Additionally,there will be a few activities during the outgoing,such as climbing the hill,having a picnic together and so on. Would you like to join us?If so,I’ll go to call for you at 8 o’clock that morning. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours Li Hua 5