（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 第一部分 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 2 The environment知能演練輕松闖關 牛津譯林版必修5

Unit 2 The environmentA卷 單項填空1The boss showed his_ of Toms hard work in the company by raising his pay to $5, 000 a month.AdistinctionBpromotionCappreciation DreservationC解析：句意：老板通過將Tom的月薪提升到5 000美元來表示對他的賞識。 appreciation“欣賞， 賞識”， 符合句意， 故答案為C項。 2(2018·啟東中學高三檢測)The detective, _ to be reading a newspaper, glanced at the man _ next to a woman.Apretending; seated Bpretended; seatedCpretending; seat Dpretended; seatingA解析：第一空是現(xiàn)在分詞作非限制性定語， 修飾the detective, 二者之間為主動關系， 所以用現(xiàn)在分詞； 第二空是過去分詞作定語， 修飾the man, seat“使就座”， 所以用其過去分詞形式。 3(2018·啟東中學考前輔導)Scientists have created the worlds smallest “snowman”， _about a fifth of the width of a human hair.Ameasures BmeasuringCmeasured Dto measureB解析：measure作“量度達” 講時是不及物動詞， 和被修飾詞snowman之間構成主動關系， 所以選measuring作定語。 4At last, the boys found themselves _ in a pleasant park with trees providing shade.Ato sit BsatCsitting Dhaving satC解析：此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補， 賓語themselves和sit之間構成主動關系，且強調(diào)進行，所以用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式。5Love means you care about the _ of a person, that is, you hope he or she can lead a happy life. Aauthority BbeliefCpreference DwelfareD解析：authority權威， 權利； belief信仰， 相信； preference偏向， 優(yōu)先權； welfare福利， 幸福； 根據(jù)you hope he or she can lead a happy life(你希望他或她能夠過著幸福的生活)可知橫線上應該填一個與此句對應的名詞。 句意：愛意味著你關心一個人的幸福， 也就是說， 你希望他或她能夠過著幸福的生活。 故選D。6I would appreciate_， to be frank, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.Ayou BthisCit DmyselfC解析：此處it作形式賓語， 代替后面的“if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。 to be frank為插入語。 且I would appreciate it if.，為固定搭配。7Some of you may have finished Unit one. _， you can go on to Unit two.AIf you may BIf you doCIf not DIf soD解析：句意：你們有些人可能已經(jīng)完成單元一了。 如果是這樣的話， 你們可以繼續(xù)單元二的內(nèi)容。 If soIf you have done that, 意為“如果是這樣的話”， 與語境相符。8My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before Ive none in hand.Ahas run out Bis running outChas been run out Dis being running outB解析：句意：我的錢快用光了， 在用完之前我得去銀行取一些。 run out為不及物動詞短語， 不能用于被動語態(tài)。 9He stood up, _ a cigarette and left the room.Alighting BlightedCto light DlitD解析：這里表示的是三個連續(xù)的動作， 所以動詞都用過去式形式， “點燃” 用作謂語時， 過去式通常是lit, lighted通常作定語。 10According to a recent survey, some TV programs should take _ for teenagers negative behavior. Ainfluence BresponsibilityCcredit DexplanationB解析：take responsibility for 對負責任。 句意：根據(jù)一個最近的調(diào)查， 有些電視節(jié)目應當對青少年的不良行為負責。 11With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare washing away Dare being washed awayD解析：本題考查了兩個知識點。 其一是主謂一致：根據(jù)quantity的用法， quantities of復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語， 謂語動詞與quantities保持一致， 故謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式， 排除了A、B兩個選項； 其二考查了語態(tài)， “土壤是被沖走的”， 故選擇D項。 12She and her roommate silently warred over matters _from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.Aranging BexchangingCtransforming DvaryingA解析：句意：她因許多事情而與室友暗地里不和， 諸如什么時候熄燈啦， 家具應如何擺放啦， 等等。 vary“變化”； range“(在一定范圍內(nèi)) 變動， 變化”， range from.to. 從到變化； exchange“交換”； transform“變換， 轉(zhuǎn)換” 。 13(江蘇卷)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and_to ruins，the city took on a new look.Areducing BreducedCbeing reduced Dhaving reducedC解析：句意：“在遭受大地震，淪為廢墟之后不久，這座城市就呈現(xiàn)出了新的面貌。”shortly after在之后不久，引導時間狀語。after在此可視為介詞，后接動名詞作其賓語。根據(jù)短語reduce the city to ruins(使城市淪為廢墟)可知，邏輯主語the city 與reduce構成被動關系，排除A、D兩項；而and連接兩個并列成分，根據(jù)suffering from a massive earthquake and_to ruins中suffering 的形式，可確定答案為being reduced。14The waves reached as high as 61 feet and moved rapidly through the city，_ down the wall of houses.Ahaving torn BtoreCtear DtearingD解析：the waves與tear down之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，另外，此處表示的是謂語動作帶來的自然而然的結果，故用tearing down。15Well, youd better buy that shirt.Brown and black dont go together._ I wear it with another shirt?AHow do you like BDo you meanCWhat if DHow aboutC解析：由語境可知答句句意：我把它和另一件襯衣配在一起穿怎么樣？ 閱讀理解ASALT LAKE CITYThe Utah Jazz basketball team signed a 5­year­old. Free­agent player to a one­day contract for a special performance in October. The Utah Jazz has just made his dream come true. The boy has suffered from blood cancer since 2012.JP Gibson, who was diagnosed with severe blood cancer, signed his contract with Jazz President Randy Rigby before joining the team for the pre­season training play at Utah Jazzs sport center. JP was joined by his parents, Josh and Megan, and his 2­year­old sister, Elsie.The activity was hosted by the Jazz and photographer Jon Diazs “Anything Can Be” project, which provides support and hope to families like the Gibsons. Jon Diaz asks children with cancer what their dreams and wishes are, and he writes their stories in a book. JP, wearing a No. 1 shirt, even got to play in the play. He passed the ball, and Rudy Obert, a player of Utah Jazz, lifted him up so he could dunk(扣籃) and shake hands with some players as fans were cheerful.“JP loves most sports, but basketball is absolutely his favorite，” Megan Gibson said in a statement released by the Jazz.“When he was just over one year old, he would sit with my husband, Josh, watching games. He started insisting on shooting hoops(投籃) for an hour each night before bedtime when he was just 15 months old. He knows he has to be 6 before he can play Junior Jazz, and he reminds us all the time that he cant wait until hes 6.”【解題導語】本文是新聞報道類文章。 這篇報道來自鹽湖城， 該城的The Utah Jazz籃球隊幫助患了血癌的五歲兒童籃球迷實現(xiàn)“扣籃” 的夢想。 1Utah Jazz signs a 5­year­old JP Gibson just to _Amake the team more famousBrealize the dream of JP GibsonCsatisfy the taste of the fansDpromote the “Anything Can Be” projectB解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)題干關鍵詞a 5­year­old JP Gibson找到文章對應段落是文章第一段，由Free­agent player to a one­day contract for a special performance in October.The Utah Jazz has just made his dream come true.可知Utah Jazz與五歲的JP Gibson簽約就是為了幫助JP Gibson實現(xiàn)他的夢想。 故選B。 2“Anything Can Be” project _Araises money to help the development of NBABprovides support and hope to kids loving basketballChas kids with cancer write their stories in a bookDoffers assistance to those who are in misfortuneD解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)題干中的“Anything Can Be” project找到文章對應段落是文章第三段， 其中的第一句話The activity was hosted by the Jazz and photographer Jon Diazs “Anything Can Be” project, which provides support and hope to families like the Gibsons.中的關鍵詞provides support and hope to families like the Gibsons推斷該項目主要是為那些處于困難中的家庭提供援助。 故選D。 BMy sister moved to Australia a few years ago to study. She was graduating just before Christmas, but due to my own scholarly schedule back home, I would not be able to make it in time for her graduation. She was understandably disappointed, and I felt guilty that I wasnt able to be there for her on this most special occasion.While talking to my supervisor the week before my sisters graduation, I mentioned that I would be missing my sisters graduation, and she commented, “Well, if you want to go, I have no problem with it, so go ahead！” I couldnt believe my luck! I nearly jumped for joy.“Just make sure you get permission from the administration，” she added. My heart sank. The administration at my school was well­known for denying any sort of time­off requests, and last­minute pleas would undoubtedly draw nothing but anger. I almost didnt bother asking, because I knew it would be a waste of time and I knew the answer already: no.But something in me decided to try, just in case. Maybe it was the hope that the Christmas Spirit would somehow affect the administrative office at this time of year.When I returned home to find the Associate Deans reply in my inbox, I prepared myself for disappointment. I opened the e­mail and started to read. And re­read. Approval? I rubbed my eyesthere must be a mistake. But no. I couldnt believe my luck! The only logical explanation I could possibly come up with was that the Christmas Spirit had been hiding in the heart of my Associate Dean when she was reading my request.Immediately, I called the airline. Miraculously, even during the busy Christmas season, I was able to change my ticket to arrive the day before my sisters graduation.With this fantastic news, I was bursting to tell my sister. But, fingers on the dial, I paused. Wouldnt it be so much more fantastic if I could surprise her? I pictured myself just showing up, knocking at her door. What a state of shock she would be in!Slowly the_idea developed in my mind. For a surprise of a grand scale, I needed a much more dramatic arrival than just a ring of the doorbell. I started to plot. Then, brilliance struck. Getting delivered in a box to my sisters house by couriers(快遞員)！I knew if I pulled this off, my presence at her graduation and my grand arrival would be the best Christmas present I could ever give my sister.Although I was leaving in less than seventy­two hours, I jumped on my computer in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and started googling courier companies. The only one willing to go along with my Christmas surprise，was CouriersPlease. At first the branch manager said no, pointing out that Christmas was their busiest season and he couldnt spare a courier for this rather unusual request. But he suddenly warmed up to the idea and actually volunteered to dress up and deliver me himself. The Christmas Spirit struck again!Upon my arrival in Australia, the manager met me in full uniform, but that wasnt all. Hed brought one of his couriers, plus a CouriersPlease van along for the ride as well! They even had a reinforced box prepared for me that theyd already tested at the office. Id thought it would be easier to walk up to the doorway, and then jump in the box while they rang the doorbell. But no, they insisted; my sister might see me through the window and they certainly didnt want to risk my Christmas surprise.Instead, they parked a few hundred meters up the street, where they loaded me in the box and carried me all the way up to my sisters, where they rang the doorbell and announced they had a delivery for her.I couldnt see the look on my sisters face as she opened the door to couriers with a surprise delivery, but I could tell from her voice that she was more than a little confused.This soon transformed into disbelief and shock when the box was opened and she saw her elder sister sitting inside smiling up at her. She was at a complete loss for words, and I will never forget the look on her face as she opened those flaps on the box.It was such a gift to be able to attend my sisters graduation, and to show her my love by giving her the most unique, unconventional Christmas present in the history of our family. It was a memory both she and I will cherish forever.It also served as a lesson for me：never, ever underestimate the power of the Christmas Spirit. It can move hearts, minds, and yes, even people in boxes.【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文， 講述的是作者為了給妹妹一個驚喜， 將自己快遞到妹妹的面前。 這份特殊的禮物， 在圣誕節(jié)這樣一個特殊的日子里， 有著不一樣的含義， 令人終生難忘。 3After hearing what the supervisor said, the author felt _Apuzzled and later discouragedBdoubtful and later hopelessCexcited but later frustratedDhopeful but later annoyedC解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第二段中的“I couldnt believe my luck！I nearly jumped for joy.” 以及“My heart sank.” 可知， 作者先是高興， 后又沮喪， 故答案為C項。 4According to the passage, the underlined part “the idea” refers to “_”Athe intention to give her sister a callBthe plan to get herself delivered in a boxCthe thought of giving her sister a surpriseDthe attempt to attend her sisters graduationC解析：詞義猜測題。 根據(jù)第五段的“Wouldnt it be so much more fantastic if I could surprise her? I pictured myself just showing up, knocking at her door. What a state of shock she would be in！” 及本段“For a surprise of a grand scale” 可知， 答案為C項。 5The branch manager of CouriersPlease was _Astubborn but understanding Bconsiderate and helpfulCindifferent but open­mindedDwarm­hearted but uselessB解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三、四段中對manager的描述可知， 分行經(jīng)理由最先的不愿意到愿意， 到后來開來一輛車， 準備好一個結實的箱子， 讓 “我” 在離妹妹家門口很遠的地方躲進箱子里， 以防 “我” 給妹妹的驚喜被提前看到， 這些都體現(xiàn)出他是一個熱心腸、考慮問題周全、樂于助人的人。 故答案為B項。 6Seeing the author in the box, the sister was speechless because _Ashe hadnt got over the shockBshe was totally in great panicCshe was to find words of thanksDshe felt confused about the deliveryA解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“This soon transformed into disbelief and shock when the box was opened and she saw her elder sister sitting inside smiling up at her. She was at a complete loss for words” 可知， 答案為A項。 7In the eyes of the author, _ played a key role in her success in giving her sister a surprise Christmas.Adetermination BluckCthe Christmas Spirit DpersistenceC解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)全文中多次提到的the Christmas Spirit可知， 這次作者能夠成功請假、買到飛機票、送出驚喜禮物， 全都是the Christmas Spirit的功勞。 故答案為C項。 8What do we know from the passage?AThat the author would miss the graduation disappointed her sister, who thought it was unforgivable.BThe administration at her school would deny her request, so the author didnt think of giving it a try.CWhen she was to call her sister, the author forgot the phone number so she didnt make a phone call.DThe authors unexpected arrival gave her sister such a big surprise as the two would treasure forever.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)最后一段中的“It was such a gift to be able to attend my sisters graduation, and to show her my love by giving her the most unique, unconventional Christmas present in the history of our family. It was a memory both she and I will cherish forever.” 可知答案為D項。 B卷 完形填空I spent last summer volunteering at a hospital. It was a gift to _1_ so many amazing people and Id like to share one of these moments. One day, I was called to a room where a(n) _2_ woman was staying. Usually I helped with _3_ who were ready to leave. Instead, she _4_ to go to the gift shop. I got a _5_， helped her into it, and headed down to the entrance.When we got there, it wasnt open yet. After a 30­minute _6_， we entered the gift shop. As I pushed her around, I could see the _7_ in her face as she looked at everything, happy to be out of her room. She _8_ some window decorations, and then saw chocolates. She asked me to push her in that _9_， and then I helped her _10_ all the different chocolate arrangements._11_she decided on three different boxes.She told me to write the numbers 1，2 and 3 on the boxes. She _12_ that the nurses were taking such good care of her, so she _13_ chocolates for each of the three shifts of nurses. As we gave the current shift of nurses their box of chocolates, they _14_ offered some to me before taking some themselves.There were _15_ all around. Witnessing the old ladys _16_ and getting the opportunity to spend time with someone who got so much joy from life were a _17_ in itself. I have so many more stories, and each person made an impact on my life. Ive _18_ that health has a way of bringing people together. _19_ is a blessing, and being in a place where health is so _20_ and appreciated is unlike anything else.【解題導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在醫(yī)院做義工的經(jīng)歷，老人的善良和快樂讓作者領悟到健康是福的道理。1A.introduce BmeetCattract DdescribeB解析：上文提到作者在醫(yī)院做義工，下文提到分享故事，由此可知，此處指“見到”許多了不起的人。故選B項。2A.elderly BstrangeCimportant DfamousA解析：從下文的“old ladys”可知，此處指“上了年紀的”。故選A項。3A.nurses BkidsCpatients DparentsC解析：從語境可知，此處指作者作為醫(yī)院的義工，通常幫助那些準備離開的“病人”。故選C項。4A.pretended BwantedCfailed DpromisedB解析：上文提到作者通常幫助那些準備離開的病人。結合Instead “反而”可知，此處老人并不是準備離開，而是想去禮品店。故選B項。5A.car Bshopping cartCwheelchair DbikeC解析：從下文的“As I pushed her around”可知，此處指“輪椅”。故選C項。6A.ride BwalkCdrive DwaitD解析：前一句提到“當我們到達禮品店時，商店還沒有開門”，可以推斷此處指30分鐘的“等待”。故選D項。7A.relief BanxietyCjoy DpuzzleC解析：從空后的“happy to be out of her room”可知，此處指“高興”。故選C項。8A.chose BmadeCused DreceivedA解析：上文提到“she looked at everything”，接下來應是“選擇”。故選A項。9A.manner BcaseCdirection DpointC解析：結合語境可知，此處指老人要求作者推著她朝巧克力的方向走去。故選C項。10A.prepare for Bmake upCfigure out Dlook throughD解析：根據(jù)空后的“all the different chocolate arrangements”可以推出，此處指作者幫老人“瀏覽”了所有不同的巧克力的布置。故選D項。11A.Suddenly BEventuallyCFortunately DActuallyB解析：在作者幫老人瀏覽完后，“最終”老人做出了決定。故選B項。12A.explained BdeclaredCexpected DimaginedA解析：上文提到老人購買了三種不同盒子的巧克力并讓作者在上面寫上數(shù)字。接下來是老人向作者解釋為何這樣做。故選A項。13A.exchanged BdesignedCtasted DboughtD解析：老人解釋說護士們?nèi)绱司牡卣疹櫵?，所以她為輪班的護士“買”了巧克力。故選D項。14A.in fact Bat a lossCin turn Dat easeC解析：當作者他們給當前值班護士巧克力時，值班護士轉(zhuǎn)而給了作者一些。故選C項。15A.whispers BsmilesCshouts DcheersB解析：從下文的“who got so much joy from life”可知，此處指“微笑”。故選B項。16A.kindness BchoiceCdecision DlonelinessA解析：結合上文老人的行為不難看出，老人是一個善良的人。故選A項。17A.lesson BchanceCgift DfactC解析：此處指作者的感慨：能和從生活中得到如此多快樂的人在一起本身就是一個“禮物”，和上文第一段中的“It was a gift to.people”相呼應。故選C項。18A.concluded BimaginedCpredicted DlearnedD解析：此處指作者從做義工的經(jīng)歷中“學習”到，健康常常把人們聚集在一起。故選D項。19A.Health BLuckCVirtue DPraiseA解析：上文中作者提到健康，接下來說，“健康”是福，符合語境。故選A項。20A.tested BvaluedCmaintained DpromotedB解析：此處指待在健康被如此“重視”的地方和其他事情不同，空處與空后的“appreciated”并列。故選B項。 閱讀理解ABob Dylan, born on May 24, 1941, is an American songwriter, singer, artist and writer. He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when his songs showed social unrest. Early songs such as Blowin in the Wind and The Times They Are a­Changin promoted the American civil rights and anti­war movements.Dylans songs include a wide range of political, social and literary influences. They challenged existing pop music conventions and appealed to the growing counterculture. His recording career, spanning more than 50 years, has explored the traditions in American song, from folk, blues, and country to rock n roll, and to English, Scottish, and Irish folk music, even jazz and the Great American Songbook. He has toured steadily since the late 1980s on what has been called the Never Ending Tour. His accomplishments as a recording artist and performer have been central to his career, but songwriting is considered his greatest contribution.As a musician, Dylan has sold more than 100 million records, making him one of the bestselling artists of all time. He has also received numerous awards including eleven Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. The Pulitzer Prize jury in 2008 awarded him a special citation(引言) for his influence on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power. In May 2012, Dylan received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama. In 2016, Dylan received the Nobel Prize in Literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”【解題導語】鮑勃·迪倫因為“在美國歌曲傳統(tǒng)形式之上開創(chuàng)了以詩歌傳情達意的新表現(xiàn)手法”而獲得諾貝爾文學獎。文章介紹了他的作品以及他對流行音樂和美國文化的影響。1Which word best describes Dylans music according to Paragraph 2?AVarious. BTalented.CPersonal. DPopular.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的第一句以及下文中的“.has explored the traditions in American song, from folk, blues, and country to rock n roll, and to English, Scottish, and Irish folk music, even jazz and the Great American Songbook.” 可知，他的音樂作品涉及政治、社會和文學；他探索了美國歌曲的傳統(tǒng)，從民謠、藍調(diào)、鄉(xiāng)村音樂、搖滾到英格蘭、蘇格蘭和愛爾蘭民間音樂，甚至還有爵士樂和美國流行金曲簿。由此可知，他的作品風格多種多樣。故選A項。2What is Dylan better recognized as?AA performer. BA singer.CAn artist. DA songwriter.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的最后一句可知，雖然歌手和演員一直是他的主要職業(yè)，但是他最偉大的貢獻卻是歌曲創(chuàng)作。故選D項。3What made Dylan get the Nobel Prize?AHis poems about music.BHis American song tradition.CHis language style of the songs.DHis influence on America culture.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的最后一句可知，他是因為“在美國歌曲傳統(tǒng)形式之上開創(chuàng)了以詩歌傳情達意的新表現(xiàn)手法”而獲得了諾貝爾文學獎。故選C項。BFor the growing number of Ch