2021版新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Module 6 War and Peace課后達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè) 外研版選修6

Module 6 War and Peace (建議用時(shí)：40分鐘).閱讀理解A(2020·成都高三第一次診斷)Young trees dont just grow；they develop a personality and learn more about their environment and how they should best behave in it. They also help each other out whenever theres trouble.Personality, just as among people, varies among trees. Some are anxious, some bold. On the authors land，there are three oak trees growing close together. One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others. Since they all experience the same temperature，the same soil and the same length of day, such variables cant be the explanation. So whats happening？Well，this tree is simply more careful than the others. Whoever holds on to their leaves longer can do more photosynthesis(光合作用) and store more nutrients. However, the longer a tree keeps its leaves, the higher the risk of injury.Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes. A tree, for example, keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again. This leads to several other conclusions: trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experiences somewhere. Obviously, trees dont have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.But trees arent only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever theres trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients. For example, one time the author found a very old tree stump. Its insides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil. But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living. How was this possible？Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years!Why do trees do_such_a_thing？Its simple: its better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了樹的智慧：每棵樹都有它不同的個(gè)性，遇到困難時(shí)它們也會(huì)互相幫助。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，樹不但能自己做決定，還能從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。1Why does the author mention the three oak trees?ATo illustrate trees can learn from experiences.BTo show trees can make independent decisions.CTo explain trees are quite supportive to each other.DTo prove trees have the same personalities as humans.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others.”可知，三棵橡樹中，有一棵總比其他兩棵先落葉；結(jié)合第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”可知，樹木能自己做決定。據(jù)此可推知，作者提及三棵橡樹旨在說明樹木可以自己做決定，故B項(xiàng)正確。2According to the text, which of the following best describes general features of trees?AAnxious and bold.BSmart and adventurous.CHelpful and well­behaved.DAdaptable and supportive.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”，并結(jié)合第三段內(nèi)容可知，樹木不僅能自己做決定，還能從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。據(jù)此可推知，樹木適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng)。根據(jù)第四段第一、二句“But trees arent only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever theres trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients.”可知，樹木不僅善于照顧自己，當(dāng)遇到困難時(shí)，它們會(huì)發(fā)出警告，相互支持，甚至照顧生病、虛弱的同類；據(jù)此可推知，樹木之間互幫互助，故D項(xiàng)正確。3What does the underlined phrase “do such a thing” mean?AGive warnings.BOffer assistance.CDepend on others.DProvide nutrients.B解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years！”可知，樹樁是由它的鄰居從根處給予營(yíng)養(yǎng)來滋養(yǎng)的；結(jié)合第五段第一句“Why do trees do_such_a_thing？”和其后的內(nèi)容可知，該處表示“為什么樹木要互相幫助？”，故畫線短語(yǔ)是指提供幫助，故B項(xiàng)正確。4Where does this text most probably come from?AA public lecture.BA science book.CAn experiment report.DA travel journal.B解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了樹的智慧：每棵樹都有它不同的個(gè)性，遇到困難時(shí)它們也會(huì)互相幫助。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，樹不但能自己做決定，還能從自己的錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。據(jù)此可推知，本文最可能選自科學(xué)書籍，故B項(xiàng)正確。B(2020·貴陽(yáng)摸底)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesnt change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera(月球勘測(cè)軌道飛行器照相機(jī)). They found that there were lots of faults(斷層) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moons surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale(里氏震級(jí))，”said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonians National Air and Space Museum in the US.But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldnt try to explore and live on in the future? Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. “This isnt anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. Its not going anywhere，” Watters comforted us.The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and weve done some great science, but there is still a lot we dont know. The moon is shrinkingwe didnt really realize that until recently. Its a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that, ” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】月球并非如唐代詩(shī)人張若虛在詩(shī)中描繪的那樣是亙古不變的。一項(xiàng)最新的科學(xué)研究表明，月球正在隨著時(shí)間慢慢地縮小。此外，這項(xiàng)研究還表明月球還有許多我們不了解的東西，它是一個(gè)比我們認(rèn)為的更活躍、更有意思的地方，我們應(yīng)該探索它。5Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to?AIt stays the same as before.BIt is becoming slightly smaller.CIt is getting older and older.DIt has passed away.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“However，a new study.shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.”可知，一項(xiàng)新的發(fā)表在自然·地球科學(xué)上的研究表明，月球正在隨著時(shí)間慢慢地縮小，故選B項(xiàng)。6What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph?AIt has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.BIt has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.CIt quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.DIt has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy”可知，月球由帶有一個(gè)熱核的巖石塊組成，當(dāng)它形成時(shí)月球在持續(xù)膨脹，在這個(gè)過程中它會(huì)釋放能量，故選D項(xiàng)。7Who thinks that we neednt worry about the moon?AZhang Ruoxu.BThomas Watters.CNathan Williams.DThe journalist.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Thomas Watters說的話“This isnt anything to worry about.Its not going anywhere”可知，Thomas Watters認(rèn)為我們不必?fù)?dān)心月球，盡管月球在縮小，但它并沒有縮小很多，故選B項(xiàng)。8What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?AIt is a dead and boring place.BIt has lots of faults on the surface.CIt is valuable to do more science.DIt isnt a place where we can live.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Nathan Williams說的話“We have been to the moon and weve done some great science.we should explore that”可知，Nathan Williams認(rèn)為月球有許多我們不了解的東西，值得我們?nèi)ヌ剿鳎瑩?jù)此可推知，他認(rèn)為研究月球是有價(jià)值的，故選C項(xiàng)。.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Alice had just been appointed in the multinational bank. After one month of severe training, today was her first day to go to work.She got up a bit earlier than usual, and decided to skip her gym workout as she did not want to risk being tired or getting late to her office on her first day. She went through her morning routine and spent a lot of time in selecting what to wear. None of her dresses seemed to appeal to herthey were either a little too casual or too dull and she definitely wanted to make an impression right from the start. Finally she settled on the white embroidered(刺繡的) dress.She waved bye to her mom and set off cheerfully towards the bus stop. But she saw a bus leaving the stop just as she crossed the street. Now she would have to wait for a good 15 minutes. 15 minutes passed and then 30 minutes and there was no sign of the bus. “It must be stuck in heavy traffic，” a kind lady who was also waiting for the bus told her. Hearing that, Alice got anxious. She had to reach her office on time. Then she saw a taxi approaching but when she tried to stop it, the taxi driver sped by without even taking a glance at her. Alice was wondering what she could do.It was then that a car stopped near her and a man waved to her. The driver asked her where she was going and after Alice told him that she was going to the bank at Nariman Point, the man said, “Oh, my office is in the nearby building. Can I give you a lift？” Alice hesitated for a moment and got into the car. They exchanged names and began to talk for a while. Then the driver switched on the radio and was absorbed in the song. Alice looked out of the window and imagined her first day at work, worrying whether she was capable of the new job, and if she could get along well with her colleagues. After about ten minutes, Alice realized they were not on the familiar route to her office.Paragraph 1：She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man._Paragraph 2：Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly._One possible version：Paragraph 1：She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man. So she asked cautiously whether they were going to her bank. The driver said that they took a new shortcut, as there was usually heavy traffic on the other one at this hour, and continued his song. That made some sense and Alice didnt say anything more. Another fifteen minutes passed, and the road was even stranger for her. That man was driving speedily and Alice became more and more anxious. She decided that when the car next stopped at the traffic lights she would jump out.Paragraph 2：Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly. She breathed a sigh of relief. Within minutes, they reached the gate of the building. “Here we are！” the driver pulled up and said. Alice got out of the car, her face turning red. She felt quite sorry for having doubted the driver. She believed there were indeed more kind people in the world. She said, “Thank you very much！”， with a big smile, and hurried to her office with great expectation. She knew she would have a good day.7