2020版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時作業(yè)22 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5

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1、課 時 作 業(yè)　 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2019·甘肅省師大附中上學(xué)期高三月考) The National Gallery Description： The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a different collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religiou

2、s paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance. Layout： The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western

3、 side of the building houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling. The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and

4、 Veronese. The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velázquez, Claude and Vermeer. The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh. Opening Hours：

5、 The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions. Getting There： Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-

6、minute walk)． 這是一篇廣告布告類閱讀。文章介紹了英國倫敦國家美術(shù)館的藏品、布局、開館時間和到達(dá)路線。 1．In which century's collection can you see religious paintings? A．The 17th. B．The 13th. C．The 18th. D．The 20th. 答案：B 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Description 部分中的 It houses a different collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging fro

7、m 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.可知在十三世紀(jì)的藏品中，你可以看到宗教繪畫，故選B。 2．Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown? A．In the East Wing. B．In the Sainsbury Wing. C．In the main West Wing. D．In the North Wing. 答案：C 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Layout 部分中的The main West Wing houses

8、 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.可知列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇的作品在the main West Wing展出，故選C。 3．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery? A．Piccadilly Circus. B．Leicester Square. C．Embankment.

9、D．Charing Cross. 答案：D 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Getting There部分中的Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk)．可知Charing Cross到the National Gallery需要兩分鐘，是所用時間最短的，故選D。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2019·潛江市高三模擬) Compare

10、d to the history of China, the history of the United States is quite short. __1__ In 1776, 13 colonies(殖民地)located on the eastern coast of North America declared independence and fought a revolution against the British. In 1783 the colonists won the revolution and gained their independence. After t

11、he revolution, the United States bought a large section of country from Napoleon of France. This purchase doubled(加倍)the size of the United States. __2__ If he hadn't needed that money, the United States might have stayed a small country. Texas and most of what is now the southwestern part of the Un

12、ited States belonged to Mexico. The people of Texas fought a revolution against Mexico. __3__ Later, the United States and Mexico went to war. If Mexico had defeated the United States in that war, California and New Mexico would have been part of Mexico today. The British and the Americans both cla

13、imed the northwestern part of the country. They settled their differences with a compromise. South of the 49th parallel was the United States. North of the 49th parallel was Canada. In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half. __4__ President Lincoln wanted to free slaves

14、. He was supported by the North but opposed by the South. The South wanted to separate from the rest of the country and become independent. __5__ Following the Civil War, the United States bought Alaska from Russia. Today it is the largest state in the country and a very important one, too. A．Thi

15、s was the Civil War. B．It was controlled by England then. C．It began little more than 200 years ago. D．After 4 years of war, the South was defeated. E．Napoleon needed money for his European wars. F．They became independent and joined the United States. G．At that time many people didn't think Al

16、aska was important. 這是一篇說明文。與中國的歷史相比，美國的歷史是相當(dāng)短暫的。本文講述了美國的獨立戰(zhàn)爭、殖民歷史和南北戰(zhàn)爭等。 1．C　解析：上文提到“與中國的歷史相比，美國的歷史是相當(dāng)短暫的。”再根據(jù)下文提到“在1776年，位于北美東海岸的13個殖民地宣布獨立，并與英國進(jìn)行了一場革命?！盋項It began little more than 200 years ago.(它開始于200多年前)承上啟下。該項中的more than 200 years ago與上文quite short吻合。故選C。 2．E　解析：根據(jù)上文提到美國向法國購買了大片土地，下文提到“如果他

17、不需要這筆錢，美國可能仍然是一個小國家?！盓項Napoleon needed money for his European wars.(拿破侖在歐洲戰(zhàn)爭中需要錢)承上啟下。該項中的needed money與下文的hadn't needed that money相吻合。故選E。 3．F　解析：上文提到“德克薩斯州和現(xiàn)在大部分的美國西南部原屬于墨西哥。德克薩斯人民與墨西哥進(jìn)行了一場革命。”F項They became independent and joined the United States.(他們獨立并加入了美國)是上文的延續(xù)，講述德克薩斯歸屬美國的歷史。該項中的They指上文的The p

18、eople of Texas。故選F。 4．A　解析：上文提到“1861年，美國的一半與另一半開戰(zhàn)。”A項This was the Civil War.(這就是美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn))承接上文，都是講美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。該項中的This指的就是上文提到的In 1861 one half of the United States did go to war with the other half。 5．D　解析：上文提到“南方想要脫離這個國家的其他地區(qū)，獨立出來?！盌項After 4 years of war, the South was defeated.(經(jīng)過4年的戰(zhàn)爭，南方被打敗了)說明這場戰(zhàn)爭的結(jié)果。該項中

19、的the South was defeated與上文中的The South wanted to separate from...吻合。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (2019·蘭州一中高三調(diào)研) The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea, __1__ more than 160 million cups drunk ev

20、ery day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into __2__ popular pastime. This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea __3__ (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can on

21、ly happen in the afternoon! Afternoon tea, which __4__ (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to become a __5__ (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes. Now there is a resurgence (復(fù)蘇) in its __6__ (popular) in the UK and it

22、is available to anyone who can afford it. __7__ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you're thinking of visiting such a place __8__ (enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid

23、 __9__ (ask) to leave. Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I'm sure once you try it, you __10__ (agree)． 這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英國人非常喜歡喝下午茶，下午茶的發(fā)明把喝茶變成了一個很受歡迎的娛樂。去外邊喝茶時，有些規(guī)矩是必須遵守的，否則人家可能會請你離開。 1．with

24、　解析：考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們知道英國人非常喜歡喝下午茶，每天1.6億杯茶被喝掉?！皐ith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”又稱為“with結(jié)構(gòu)”，在句中表狀態(tài)或說明背景情況，常作伴隨，方式，原因，條件等狀語。此處為with＋名詞＋-ed分詞 (強調(diào)名詞是-ed分詞動作的承受者或動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)。故填with。 2．a(chǎn)　解析：考查冠詞。句意：正是下午茶的發(fā)明把喝茶變成了一個很受歡迎的娛樂。題干中泛指“一個很受歡迎的娛樂”，popular的首字母發(fā)音是輔音，故填不定冠詞a。 3．comfortably　解析：考查副詞。drinking是一個動詞，用副詞修飾動詞，故填comfortably。 4．wa

25、s_designed　解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。which __4__ (design) as a light snack作定語，修飾Afternoon tea，所以本句是一個定語從句，which指代先行詞Afternoon tea，“下午茶”與“設(shè)計”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，這是發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時，故填was designed。 5．fashionable　解析：考查形容詞。occasion是一個名詞，需要用形容詞修飾名詞，故填fashionable。 6．popularity　解析：考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，在英國，它的流行成一種復(fù)蘇趨勢。in是一個介詞，后面應(yīng)該接名詞，故填p

26、opularity。 7．Though/Although　解析：考查連詞。句意：盡管可以在家里享用，但是最好的方法是去一家精美的咖啡館體驗。題干中表示“盡管”的意思，表轉(zhuǎn)折，故填Though / Although。 8．to_enjoy　解析：考查非謂語動詞作狀語。句意：如果你想去這樣的地方品嘗甜品和美味小吃，再飲一壺剛泡好的熱茶，有些規(guī)矩是必須遵守的，否則人家可能會請你離開。這里不定式作目的狀語，故填to enjoy。 9．being_asked　解析：考查常用結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：如果你想去這樣的地方品嘗甜品和美味小吃，再飲一壺剛泡好的熱茶，有些規(guī)矩是必須遵守的，否則人家可能會請你離開。avo

27、id后接doing作賓語，“你”是“被要求離開”，用被動，故填being asked。 10．will_agree　解析：考查時態(tài)。句意：我確信一旦你嘗試過，你就會同意。once引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，如果主句是一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填will agree。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 (2019·山西省忻州一中高三檢測) I left home at 17 and pay my own way through college. In the past 20 years, I have worked for everything I needed. So it shocks me what so

28、me people in their 20s, still get their life supported by our parents. Some of these parents have difficult supporting their families. It's true that the job market is much more harder these days. Therefore, there are certainly some ways to make living on our own. Even if our parents is nice enough

29、 to pay for our college, we shouldn't burden them with our problems. We should be financial responsible adults, made our parents proud of us. 答案 Ⅴ.書面表達(dá) (2019·衡水一中高三調(diào)研) 假如你是一名英國學(xué)生Harry，有一位中國筆友Li Hua想了解一下你的家鄉(xiāng)愛丁堡，請你根據(jù)提示回復(fù)一封電子郵件。 愛丁堡：蘇格蘭的首府，政治和文化中心。 人口：133萬。 面積：260平方公里 (square kilometers)。 地

30、理位置：蘇格蘭 (Scotland) 的東南部。 交通：機場位于市中心，公共交通十分便利。 天氣：氣候溫和 (mild climate)。 旅游：最受歡迎的旅游城市；古老建筑眾多；每年吸引200多萬名游客，是理想的度假勝地。 詞數(shù)：110左右。 注意：開頭部分已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Li Hua， How are things with you? Today I'm writing to tell you something about Edinburgh which you asked about in the last e-mail. Edinburgh,_loc

31、ated_in_the_southeast_of_Scotland,_is_the_capital_of_the_kingdom_as_well_as_its_political_and_cultural_center._It_covers_an_area_of_260_square_kilometers_with_only_a_small_population_of_1.33_million. With_the_airport_of_Edinburgh_lying_in_the_center_of_the_city,_it_is_convenient_for_people_to_go_ar

32、ound._What's_more,_you_can_easily_get_wherever_you_are_going,_using_public_transport._Close_to_seaside,_Edinburgh_has_a_mild_climate,_which_makes_it_one_of_the_most_popular_tourism_cities_in_the_UK._It_attracts_more_than_2_million_tourists_every_year._What_makes_it_unique_is_its_splendid_ancient_architecture_standing_along_streets,_such_as_the_Edinburgh_Castle. What's_your_plan_for_this_summer_holiday?_I_would_be_more__happy_to_guide_you_around_our_city_if_you_would_arrange_a_visit_here._It_would_be_a_good_place_to_spend_a_holiday. Yours_faithfully， Harry 7