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1、專(zhuān)題04 介詞精講深剖真題速遞單句語(yǔ)法填空1.（2019全國(guó)I卷）Modem methods _ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area. 【答案】of/for【解析】考查介詞。此處tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定語(yǔ)，用of 連接，“methods of doing sth.”,意為“的方法”，構(gòu)成固
2、定結(jié)構(gòu)?；蛘咭鉃椤皩?duì)于跟蹤北極熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。2. （2019全國(guó)III卷）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs，seven to be exact.【答案】of【解析】考查介詞?！癮 pack of”意為“一群”。故填of。3.（2019浙江卷）The answer _ this question is not clear.【答案】to【解析】考查介詞。句意：這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案不清楚。the key/answer to .這是固定搭配，“的答案是”。故填to。4.（2018全國(guó)I卷）While run
3、ning regularly cant make you live forever，the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking，cycling or swimming.than 【答案】than【解析】考查介詞。根據(jù)句中的more可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞than引出比較對(duì)象。此處表示跑步比散步、騎行或游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。故填than。5.（2018全國(guó)II卷）Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. 【答案】than【解
4、析】考查介詞。由空前的less可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞than，表示“比”。6.（2018全國(guó)III卷）I was searching these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.【答案】for【解析】考查介詞。search for意為“尋找”，為固定搭配。7.（2017全國(guó)I卷）This trend，which was started by the medical community (醫(yī)學(xué)界) a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effe
5、cts such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.【答案】as【解析】考查介詞。此處指作為抵抗心臟病的一種方法，所以用介詞as。句意：這一趨勢(shì)是由醫(yī)學(xué)界(醫(yī)學(xué)界)發(fā)起的一種對(duì)抗心臟病的方法，它產(chǎn)生了一些意想不到的副作用，例如超重和心臟病這正是醫(yī)學(xué)界所努力對(duì)抗的。8.（2017全國(guó)II卷）It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds o
6、n the roads above as they travelled to and work.【答案】from【解析】考查介詞。travel to and from work上下班。句意：它的路程還不到7公里卻避免了路面上因?yàn)樯舷掳喽鴵頂D的人群。9.（2017全國(guó)III卷）After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.【答案】in【解析】考查介詞。關(guān)于某個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)位要用介詞in。
7、a degree in engineering or architecture工程學(xué)或建筑學(xué)學(xué)位。句意：畢業(yè)后，她計(jì)劃在上大學(xué)獲得學(xué)位、工程學(xué)或建筑學(xué)之前，先請(qǐng)一年的假去做全職模特。單句改錯(cuò)1.（2019全國(guó)II卷）When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal and decided to be a doctor. 【答案】故在high school前加in/at【解析】考查介詞。“在高中”需要用介詞in或者at，故在high school前加in/at。2.（2019全國(guó)III卷） I want my cafe ha
8、ve a special theme such as like Tang Dynasty. 【答案】去掉like?！窘馕觥靠疾榻樵~。such as和like都是用來(lái)舉例子，重復(fù)了。故把like刪除。3.（2018全國(guó)I卷）At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years，but he agreed. 【答案】去掉for?！窘馕觥靠疾榻樵~。慣用語(yǔ)every two years意為“每隔兩年”，其前不用介詞，故介詞for多余。4.（2018全國(guó)II卷）Still I was un
9、willing to play the game for them sometimes. 【答案】for改為with【解析】考查介詞。表示“和某人玩”習(xí)慣用play .with sb.，故將for改為with。5.（2017全國(guó)I卷）It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. 【答案】on改為of【解析】考查介詞。in the middle of.在的中間，是固定搭配。6.（2017全國(guó)II卷）They have also bought for some gardening tools
10、【答案】去掉for【解析】考查介詞。 表示“買(mǎi)某物”直接用buy sth.。buy還可用于buy sb.sth.或buy sth.for sb.，表示“為某人買(mǎi)某物”。7.（2017全國(guó)III卷）When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. 【答案】去掉of【解析】考查介詞。realize認(rèn)識(shí)到，意識(shí)到，是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)，不需要接介詞?？季V解讀介詞的考查形式多樣，除了單純考查介詞外，還常考查介詞與其他詞的搭配。此外，在定語(yǔ)從句中，也?？疾椤敖樵~關(guān)系代詞”的用法。有些介詞的考查頻率較高，如
11、with，beyond。另外，for作為并列連詞的用法也是一考點(diǎn)。知識(shí)梳理一、介詞with的用法主要意義例句“和在一起”，“由陪同”或“有在場(chǎng)”The students went to the farm with their teachers.學(xué)生們與他們的老師一起去了農(nóng)場(chǎng)?！半S著”With time passing, they have grown into big boys and big girls.隨著時(shí)間的流逝，他們已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)成大小伙子和大姑娘了。with后面加復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明附帶情況He likes to sleep with the windows open.他喜歡開(kāi)著窗戶(hù)睡覺(jué)?！熬哂?/p>
12、；帶有；包括在內(nèi)”China is a country with a long history.中國(guó)是個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。表示原因或理由The little girl was trembling with fear.這個(gè)小女孩嚇得發(fā)抖?！究碱}印證】單句語(yǔ)法填空(2016浙江，16)In this article，you need to back up general statements _ specific examples.【答案】with【解析】句意：在這篇文章中，你需要具體的例子來(lái)支持總的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句意及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里用介詞with表示“用”【變式探究】(2016全國(guó)卷)Chopstick
13、s are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat _their hands.【答案】with【解析】用手吃飯，應(yīng)用介詞with。單句改錯(cuò)【變式探究】(2015新課標(biāo))Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted. 【答案】with【解析】句意：不幸的是，隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，環(huán)境受到了污染。on表示“在方面”，with表示“隨著”。根據(jù)句意可知，指兩件
14、事情伴隨而行，應(yīng)用with。（2018全國(guó)II卷）Still I was unwilling to play the game for them sometimes. 【答案】for改為with【解析】考查介詞。表示“和某人玩”習(xí)慣用play .with sb.，故將for改為with。二、介詞短語(yǔ)1動(dòng)詞介詞短語(yǔ)含義account for說(shuō)明 agree on對(duì)達(dá)成協(xié)議 begin with以開(kāi)始come across碰見(jiàn)go into調(diào)查keep from阻止look for尋找stand for代表agree with 同意(某人意見(jiàn))wait for等待decide on對(duì)作出決定hea
15、d for向前進(jìn)live on靠生活look into調(diào)查stick to堅(jiān)持agree to同意(某種安排等)aim at針對(duì)call for要求get into進(jìn)入【考題印證】語(yǔ)法填空（2018全國(guó)卷)I was searching _ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.【答案】for【解析】search for尋找，為固定搭配?！咀兪教骄俊?2016全國(guó)卷)Most of us are more focused _our tasks in the morning than we are later in the
16、day.【答案】on【解析】focus on集中于，故填on。(2016天津，14)I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to carry _ a conversation with her.【答案】on【解析】句意：我不喜歡她在我工作時(shí)給我打電話(huà)我總是太忙，不能和她進(jìn)行會(huì)話(huà)。carry on“繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，從事”，符合句意。2動(dòng)詞副詞介詞短語(yǔ)含義add up to合計(jì)達(dá)come up with提出get on with與相處融洽look down upon看不起look up to敬仰(某人)put up with忍受come
17、 up against遭到反對(duì)do away with廢除keep up with跟上look forward to盼望make up for彌補(bǔ)stand out for堅(jiān)決要求come up to達(dá)到get down to開(kāi)始認(rèn)真考慮live up to不辜負(fù)(期望)look out for當(dāng)心run out of用完stick out for堅(jiān)持要求dream of夢(mèng)想做某事【考題印證】(2016新課標(biāo)，64)But my connection with pandas goes back _ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，when I was
18、the first.【答案】to【解析】句意：但是我與熊貓之間的聯(lián)系要追溯到20世紀(jì)80年代中期我在一檔電視節(jié)目的時(shí)候，那是我第一次。go back to“追溯到”，是固定短語(yǔ)。3 動(dòng)詞名詞介詞短語(yǔ)含義catch sight of突然看見(jiàn)make room for為騰出地方take pride in以為榮make friends with和交朋友pay attention to注意show interest in對(duì)感興趣make fun of取笑take care of照顧take part in參加【特別提醒】揭密常考的介詞短語(yǔ)1 at的用法含義及用法例句用在表示地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)合、方位等的名詞：前
19、表示“在某處”Ill pick you up at the airport at 2 o clock this afternoon.今天下午兩點(diǎn)我會(huì)到機(jī)場(chǎng)接你用在表示時(shí)刻、鐘點(diǎn)、期間、歲、時(shí)節(jié)等的名詞前He left school at（ the age of）16他16歲便離開(kāi)了學(xué)校。表示“以，按（價(jià)格、速度、數(shù)量等）”Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book.以正常價(jià)格收取門(mén)票費(fèi)，無(wú)須預(yù)約。表示“因而； 聽(tīng)到看到想： 到就We were frightened at the terrible sight看到這可怕的景象，
20、我們被嚇到了。表示“朝，向（某方： 向、目標(biāo)）”He shot at the bird but missed it他向那只鳥(niǎo)射擊，但是沒(méi)射中。表示“在方面”Shes hopeless at managing people.她對(duì)人事管理一竅不通含有at的短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)含義at a time一次at least至少at the same time同時(shí)at all costs不惜一切代價(jià)at most至多at times有時(shí)候at first最初at once立即at last最后at present目前at work起作用【考題印證】【變式探究】(2015全國(guó)卷)When a new day break
21、s，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; _the same time，they warm up again for the night.【答案】At【解析】at the same time與此同時(shí)，故應(yīng)用介詞at。2 by的用法含義及用法例句(時(shí)間）不遲于，在之前 He is sure to come by three oclock.他三點(diǎn)之前肯定會(huì)來(lái).（位置）靠近，在旁邊附近On a cold evening, it is pleasa
22、nt to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚，坐在爐火旁邊很舒服。表示“（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、度量、數(shù)量）根據(jù)，按照，以計(jì)算”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“bythe單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”They sell eggs by the dozen.他們按打賣(mài)雞蛋。We rent the car by the day.我們按天租用汽車(chē)。（表示程度、數(shù)量）： 相差We lost the match by one goal.我們以一球之差輸了這場(chǎng)比賽。經(jīng)過(guò)，經(jīng)由They came in by the back door.他們是從后門(mén)進(jìn)來(lái)的。靠，用，通過(guò)（某種：方法、手段） You can reserve the tickets
23、by phone.你可以通過(guò)電話(huà)訂票。被由”（常置于表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞后，后接動(dòng)作的 執(zhí)行者）He was knocked down by a car他被一輛小汽車(chē)撞倒了。含有by的短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)含義by accident偶然by day/night白天/夜間by heart能背誦by turns輪流by birth出身by no means絕不by chance偶然by mistake錯(cuò)誤地by the way順便說(shuō)一下by chance偶然by mistake錯(cuò)誤地by the way順便說(shuō)一下【考題印證】【變式探究】(2015陜西卷)The little pupil took his grandma
24、 _the arm and walked her across the street.【答案】by【解析】take sb.by the arm，挽著某人的胳膊，應(yīng)用介詞by。(2015新課標(biāo)，66)Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away _ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.【答案】by【解析】句意：然而，我直接去了陽(yáng)朔。對(duì)于那些飛往桂林的人來(lái)說(shuō)，坐車(chē)只需要一個(gè)小時(shí)的路程乘坐交通工
25、具常用by加可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，by car“開(kāi)車(chē)”。3 含有in的短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)含義in a sense從某種意義上說(shuō)in case萬(wàn)一；如果in fact實(shí)際上in ones opinion在某人看來(lái)in other words換句話(huà)說(shuō)in short總之in the long run從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看in advance事先；提前in store必將發(fā)生in general一般說(shuō)來(lái)in no time立刻in public公開(kāi)地in vain徒勞in time及時(shí)in the meantime同時(shí)in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中in turn輪流in order井井有條in return作為回報(bào)in th
26、e end最后in all總共【考題印證】【變式探究】(2017全國(guó)卷)After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree _ engineering or architecture.【答案】in【解析】此處表示得到一個(gè)在工程學(xué)或者建筑學(xué)方面的學(xué)位。此處考查in的本意“在方面”?？忌赡軙?huì)誤用on和about，這兩個(gè)介詞本意為“關(guān)于”。degree與介詞in搭配，表示在某方面的學(xué)位。4 含有on的短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)含義on average平均on fo
27、ot步行on sale在出售on the way在途中on business出差on holiday在休假on strike罷工on time準(zhǔn)時(shí)on duty值日on behalf of代表on the contrary相反on the spot當(dāng)場(chǎng)on fire著火on purpose故意地on the other hand另一方面【考題印證】【變式探究】(2016全國(guó)卷)Most of us are more focused _our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.【答案】on【解析】focus on集中于，故填on。
28、句意：我們大多數(shù)人都是早上比一天晚些時(shí)候更專(zhuān)注工作。5 含有out of的短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)含義out of breath氣喘吁吁 out of date過(guò)時(shí)out of order發(fā)生故障out of patience失去耐心out of work失業(yè)out of control失去控制out of doors在戶(hù)外out of question毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)out of reach拿不到out of the question不可能out of danger脫險(xiǎn)out of fashion不合時(shí)尚out of luck倒霉out of shape變形out of touch失去聯(lián)系6 for的用法含義例句（
29、表示目的或功能）為了Are you learning English for pleasure or for your work?你學(xué)英語(yǔ)是出于消還是為了工作？（表示對(duì)象或用途）給，對(duì)The problem was that it was too expensive for everyday use.問(wèn)題是這對(duì)日常使用來(lái)說(shuō)太貴了。（表示原因）因?yàn)?，由?Bill was arrested for dangerous driving比爾因危險(xiǎn)駕駛而被拘捕（表示時(shí)間、距離、數(shù)量）達(dá)，計(jì)We drove for miles before we found a gas station我們開(kāi)車(chē)數(shù)英里后才
30、找到一個(gè)加油站。（表示等值或比例關(guān)系）換取He agreed to pay30 dollars for the picture他答應(yīng)付300美元買(mǎi)下那幅面。支持，贊成How many people voted for the proposal？有多少人支持這項(xiàng)提議？至于，關(guān)于，就而言Its cold for the time of year.在一年的這個(gè)時(shí)節(jié)天氣是冷了些。（表示去向）往，向（表示陳述或問(wèn)題：的對(duì)象）適于，適合于A few days later she would be leaving for New York過(guò)幾天她就要去組約了。Im sure shes the ideal p
31、erson for the job.我確信她是這個(gè)職位的理想人選。【考題印證】【變式探究】(2016四川卷)The mother continued to care for the young panda _more than two years.【答案】for【解析】考查短語(yǔ)for時(shí)間段，故應(yīng)用介詞for?！局?jǐn)記規(guī)則】（一）介詞與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的搭配短語(yǔ)含義call for需要pay for要付款apply for申請(qǐng)search for找，搜索wait for等待begin with 開(kāi)始play with一起玩；玩弄care about介意feel like想要hold up舉起rely on
32、依靠pass by經(jīng)過(guò)figure out想出dream of夢(mèng)想listen to聽(tīng)refer to參考；查閱contribute to有助于；促成；貢獻(xiàn)laugh at嘲笑chargefor為要價(jià)exchange for用來(lái)交換go back to 追溯到focus on集中于【考題印證】(2018全國(guó))I was searching _ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.【答案】for【解析】search for尋找，為固定搭配。(2016全國(guó)I) But my connection with pandas go
33、es back my days on TV show in the mid-1980s【答案】to【解析】go back to追溯到，為固定搭配。句意:但是我和熊貓的關(guān)系可以追溯到我在上世紀(jì)80年代中期的電視節(jié)目中。(2014遼寧高考) OK.Dont laugh me. I may look funny.【答案】at【解析】laugh at嘲笑，為固定搭配。(2014廣東高考) I didnt understand why this would happen and my credit had already been charged the reservation.【答案】for【解析】c
34、harge for為要價(jià)，為固定搭配。句意：我不明白為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況，而且我的信用已經(jīng)被收取了預(yù)訂費(fèi)。（二）介詞與名詞構(gòu)成的搭1atn表示狀態(tài)短語(yǔ)含義at a loss不知所措at peace處于和平狀態(tài)at war 處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中at work在工作【考題印證】（2015全國(guó)卷II）When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; the same time,they warm up again for
35、the night.【答案】at【解析】at the same time同時(shí)，為固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)新的一天開(kāi)始，墻壁已經(jīng)釋放了它們的熱量，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)夠冷，能夠使房子在炎熱的白天保持涼爽；同時(shí)，它們又可以溫暖一整夜。2其他以at開(kāi)頭的介詞短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)含義at the beginning of在的開(kāi)始at the cost of以的代價(jià)at the risk of冒危險(xiǎn)at the mercy of在支配下；任擺布3onn表示狀態(tài)短語(yǔ)含義on exhibition/show在展出on fire著火on sale出售，打折on the way在途中on the decrease increase在減少在增
36、加on holiday/vacation在度假on the top of 在頂端【考題印證】單句改錯(cuò)（2016.6月浙江高考）While they chatted,my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.【答案】in改為on【解析】on the top of 在頂部，為固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)他們聊天的時(shí)候，父親會(huì)把我妹妹和我抱起來(lái)，坐在冰箱的頂部?？键c(diǎn)精講“2策略”秒解語(yǔ)法填空題1.分析句子成分如果句子中不缺少主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞后又不缺少賓語(yǔ)，則在名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞前一定是填介詞?！舅悸伏c(diǎn)撥】1
37、. She patted him the head and said, My little boy, do you feel comfortable now than before?”【答案】on【解析】考查介詞。此句中不缺少賓語(yǔ)，在名詞the head前填介詞。hit / beat + sb.+ on/in + the +身體部位這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)(其中的定冠詞不可用物主代詞代替).如果打在堅(jiān)硬結(jié)實(shí)的部位(如head, shoulder, back等),前面常用介詞on;如果打在柔軟多肉的部位, (如leg, eye, face等)前面常用介詞in.e.g. hit him on the head/
38、 shoulder/backhit him in the face /eyes/right leg2. Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. these proverbs there are often interesting stories.【答案】behind【解析】考查介詞。此句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，在名詞these proverbs 前填介詞。根據(jù)句意“漢語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)豐富，至今仍廣泛應(yīng)用于中國(guó)人的日常生活中。這些諺語(yǔ)背后往往右很多有趣的故事?！惫侍頱ehin
39、d。3.If you could exchange lives someone for a short time, would you like to do that?【答案】with【解析】考查介詞。此句中不缺少此句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，在代詞someone 前填介詞。又因?yàn)閑xchange sth with sb 跟某人交換某物，故填with。句意：如果你能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)和別人交換生活，你愿意這樣做嗎？4.Atkinsdog, Otis, waited the nearby bushes uneasily.【答案】in【解析】考查介詞。此句中不缺少此句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，在名詞the nearb
40、y bushes前填介詞，又根據(jù)句意“阿特金斯的狗奧蒂斯在附近的灌木叢中不安地等待著”，故填in。2記牢搭配（1）注意短語(yǔ)搭配中介詞的正確使用；（2）注意有特殊用法的介詞，如接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)就只能用with或 without。【思路點(diǎn)撥】5.As a result, he spends his life in a wheelchair and cannot write means of a pen or pencil.【答案】by【解析】考查介詞。by means of用方式，是固定搭配。句意：結(jié)果，他在輪椅上度過(guò)了一生，不能用筆或鉛筆寫(xiě)字。故填by。6. But wild today disapp
41、ears or is danger just because humans do harm to it.【答案】in【解析】考查介詞。in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中，是固定搭配。句意：但今天的野生動(dòng)物消失或處于危險(xiǎn)中僅僅是因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)對(duì)它的傷害。故填in。7. But one day I came a sentence in the Bible“Do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself, let the days own trouble be sufficient for the day.”【答
42、案】across【解析】考查介詞。come across遇見(jiàn)，碰到，是固定搭配。句意：但有一天，我遇到圣經(jīng)中的一句話(huà)：“不要為明天擔(dān)憂(yōu)，因?yàn)槊魈鞎?huì)為自己而焦慮，今天的煩惱已經(jīng)足夠多了?！惫侍頰cross。8. The effect that music can have our emotions is tremendous, as it can bring people to floods of tears orbursts of laughter.【答案】on【解析】考查介詞。have effect on，對(duì)有影響,是固定搭配。句意：音樂(lè)對(duì)我們的情感的影響是巨大的，因?yàn)樗粌H能讓人們淚如雨下
43、也能讓人們捧腹大笑。故填on。9. Many times we don t realize how routine our lives have become and how much we take them granted until we find ourselves in a new situation.【答案】for【解析】考查介詞。take sth/sb for granted認(rèn)為某人/某物理應(yīng)如此,是固定搭配。句意：很多時(shí)候，直到我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一個(gè)新的環(huán)時(shí)，我們才意識(shí)到我們的生活變得有多么的日常和我們有多大程度上認(rèn)為它們是理所當(dāng)然的。10. The teacher paused
44、 purpose to remind the students to stop talking.【答案】on【解析】考查介詞。on purpose故意 ,是固定搭配。句意：老師故意停下來(lái)提醒學(xué)生停止講話(huà)。故填on。11. While teens become busy their studies, it is very important to develop a hobby, which can not only give them fun and rest but also broaden their horizons.【答案】with【解析】考查介詞。be/become busy wit
45、h sth忙于做某事 ,是固定搭配。句意：盡管青少年學(xué)習(xí)忙碌，但是培養(yǎng)一種愛(ài)好也是非常重要的，它不僅能給他們帶來(lái)樂(lè)趣和休息，而且還能開(kāi)闊他們的視野。故填with。12.First,they care social concerns.【答案】about【解析】考查介詞。care about關(guān)心某事 ,是固定搭配。句意：首先，他們關(guān)心社會(huì)問(wèn)題。故填about。“三視角”破解短文改錯(cuò)題一介詞的漏用1.如果句子中不缺少主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞后又不缺少賓語(yǔ)，則在名詞或代詞前經(jīng)常是缺少介詞；2.某些不及物動(dòng)詞后漏加介詞，以及某些短語(yǔ)中介詞缺失，如look(at), listen (to), take care
46、(of), be fit(for)，according（to）等。【思路點(diǎn)撥】1. When the old man came back,the smell of the whisky reminded him the accident. 【答案】him 后加of【解析】考查介詞。remind sb of sth提醒某人某事。句意：當(dāng)老人回來(lái)的時(shí)候，威士忌的味道讓他想起了那個(gè)事故。故加上of。2. Only if we are fully prepared the challenge both mentally and physically can we overcome the diffic
47、ulties. 【答案】prepared后加for【解析】考查介詞。prepared for sth 為某事而準(zhǔn)備。句意：只有我們做好充分的心理和身體準(zhǔn)備，我們才能克服這些困難。故加上for。3. Im very glad to receive your e-mail asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with. 【答案】your后加for【解析】考查介詞。arrange sth for sb為某人安排某事。句意：我很高興收到您詢(xún)問(wèn)有關(guān)我們安排您入住的寄宿家庭的信息的電子郵件。二介
48、詞的多余1.不該用介詞的短語(yǔ)中用了介詞，如 next year常寫(xiě)成in next year；2.有些及物動(dòng)詞后多加了介詞，如 enter the room錯(cuò)寫(xiě)成enter into the room, return my book錯(cuò)寫(xiě)成return back/to my book等?！舅悸伏c(diǎn)撥】4. One of them, who seemed in his thirties, praised on me for my self-confidence. 【答案】去掉on【解析】考查介詞。praise是及物動(dòng)詞,其后可以直接接賓語(yǔ)，故on多余。句意：他們中的一個(gè)看起來(lái)三十多歲的人表?yè)P(yáng)了我的自
49、信。5. Gradually, I became interested in biology and chose to learn biology when I entered into the college. 【答案】去掉into【解析】考查介詞。enter是及物動(dòng)詞，可以直接接賓語(yǔ)，故into多余。句意：漸漸地，我對(duì)生物學(xué)產(chǎn)生了興趣，當(dāng)我進(jìn)入大學(xué)的時(shí)候，我選擇了學(xué)習(xí)生物。6. But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell you loudly: I love you, Mom! 【答案】去掉on【解析】考查介詞。today
50、可以當(dāng)副詞做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意為“（在）今天”，故on多余。句意：但是今天，在這個(gè)特殊的時(shí)刻，我只想大聲地告訴你：媽媽?zhuān)覑?ài)你！三介詞的誤用1.on，in，at等介詞的基本用法或基礎(chǔ)詞義的混用；2.固定搭配中的介詞的誤用；3.“介詞十關(guān)系代詞”中介詞的誤用；4.受漢語(yǔ)思維影響誤把介詞當(dāng)連詞。【思路點(diǎn)撥】7. I also do well at speaking English. 【答案】at改成in【解析】考查介詞。do well in sth在某方面擅長(zhǎng)。句意：我也擅長(zhǎng)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。8. Its the relationship among my deskmate and me. 【答案】among改成
51、between【解析】考查介詞。My daskmate and me 是兩者之間，故用between,among指三者及三者以上之間。故把a(bǔ)mong改成between。句意：那是我和我同桌之間的關(guān)系。9. There was one on Id always wanted. 【答案】on改成in【解析】考查介詞。in particular 特別，尤其。句意：這有一個(gè)我特別想要的。故把on改成in。10. For his opinion, actors should go on even when they feel they have made mistakes in their perfor
52、mances. 【答案】For 改成In【解析】考查介詞。in ones opinion 在某人看來(lái)。句意：他認(rèn)為，在演出時(shí)即使演員們覺(jué)得自己的表現(xiàn)出了錯(cuò)誤，他們也應(yīng)該繼續(xù)表演。故把For 改成In。11. Not only is he strict with his teaching but also he is kind and patient to everybody. 【答案】with 改成in【解析】考查介詞。be strict with sb 對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格；be strict in sth對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格。根據(jù)句意“他不僅嚴(yán)格教學(xué)嚴(yán)格，而且還和善和耐心地對(duì)待每個(gè)人?！?，故把with
53、 改成in。12. In fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. 【答案】during改成when【解析】考查介詞?！皌hey came over to play or do homework with me”是個(gè)句子，得用連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而during是個(gè)介詞，不能引導(dǎo)句子，又根據(jù)句意“事實(shí)上，當(dāng)我的同學(xué)來(lái)我家跟我玩或者一起寫(xiě)家庭作業(yè)時(shí)，他甚至把他們嚇跑了?！惫拾裠uring改成when。模擬訓(xùn)練 一單句語(yǔ)法填空1.（云南省2019高三第二次質(zhì)檢）C
54、hinas high-speed trains are similar those of Frances TGV,Germans ICE and Japans shinkansen.【答案】to【解析】考查介詞。be similar to 與相似。根據(jù)句意“中國(guó)的高速列車(chē)類(lèi)似于法國(guó)的TGV，德國(guó)的ICE和日本的新干線?！惫侍顃o。2. （山東省安丘市、諸城市、五蓮縣、蘭山區(qū)2019屆高三4月模擬訓(xùn)練）On the Art of Poetry, written _ classical Chinese was issued in 1948.【答案】in【解析】考查介詞。句意：論詩(shī)歌藝術(shù)于1948年
55、出版，是用文言文寫(xiě)成的?！坝?語(yǔ)言”應(yīng)該用介詞in，故答案為in。3.（東北三省三校2019屆高三第一次模擬）Becoming mainly tells the story about how Michelle has balanced work and family _ a professional woman. 【答案】as【解析】考查介詞。根據(jù)句意“這本書(shū)主要講述了米歇爾作為一名職業(yè)女性是如何平衡工作和家庭的?！笨芍颂幈硎尽白鳛椤保侍頰s。4.（東北三省三校2019屆高三第二模擬）At the camp, we could choose from abundant activitie
56、s to enjoy before dinner, _ camel rides, body painting and taking pictures with an eagle. How cool!【答案】like【解析】考查介詞。句意：在營(yíng)地，享受晚餐前，我們可以選擇豐富的活動(dòng)，像騎駱駝，身體彩繪和與鷹拍照。文中在舉例，所以填like。5.（吉林省名校2019屆高三下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)合模擬考試）Whisky making provides work _ several thousand people in the Scottish Highlands and islands, and whisk
57、y is Scotlands biggest goods sold to every corner of the world.【答案】for【解析】考查介詞。句意：威士忌為蘇格蘭高地和島嶼上的幾千人提供工作。固定短語(yǔ)provide sth. for sb.“提供某物給某人”，故填介詞for。6.（東北三省四市2019屆高三第一次模擬）You can use your mobile phone, access _ Internet or work on your laptop.【答案】to【解析】考查介詞。句意：同樣，你可以在高鐵上使用手機(jī)，連上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，用筆記本辦公。本句為短語(yǔ)access to sth得以使用某物，故用to。7.（河南省開(kāi)封市2019屆高三上學(xué)期第一次模擬）Non-Hermitian wave engineering is _r
2020年高考英語(yǔ) 必考點(diǎn) 專(zhuān)題04 介詞（精講深剖）（含解析）
