2019高考英語一輪核心考點探究與練習 教材復習篇 Unit 2 Working the land（含解析）新人教版必修4

Unit 2Working the land李仕才【短文語法填空】Most people agree that the best way 1. (improve) your skills in any endeavor is to practice and practice and then practice some more.This applies 2. (equal) to playing sports or becoming a good musician, painter or doctor.Of course, natural talent also plays a part in high 3. (achieve), but learning the correct techniques and then practicing them will improve anyones performance.The same principle 4. (apply) to competent readers.There are certain 5. (technique) you can learn and then 6. is up to you to practice.The texts you choose to practice with should not be too difficult or you will soon get frustrated and bored.One way to test 7. a text is at the right level or not is to read the first page.If the percentage of new words is 8. (high) than 3%, you will not be able to read the text easily and so will probably not enjoy it.Reading will also be enjoyable if the subject interests you or you believe it is useful.For example, suppose in biology you were studying how plants reproduce, then you could find an English text about this 9. the Internet.That way you would be practicing reading in English as well as 10. (study) biology.【解題導語】文章向我們介紹了英語閱讀練習的相關(guān)技巧，強調(diào)練習在任何領(lǐng)域都起著重要作用。1to improve解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：大多數(shù)人認為在任何嘗試中，提升你技能最好的方式是練習、練習、再練習。the best way to do sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“做某事的最佳方式”，動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。2equally解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意為：這一點同樣適用于體育運動或成為一名好的音樂家、畫家或醫(yī)生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，apply to為動詞短語，應(yīng)用副詞修飾。故填equally。3achievement(s)解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：當然，天賦對于取得高成就起著重要作用設(shè)空前為介詞in，故填achieve的名詞形式achievement(s)，作賓語。4applies解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：同樣的原則適用于有能力的讀者。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，The same principle為主語，且此處闡述的是客觀事實，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填applies。5techniques解析：考查名詞單復數(shù)。句意：有些特定的技巧供你學習，然后練習取決于你自己。technique在此意為“技巧”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)There are可知應(yīng)用復數(shù)形式。故填techniques。6it解析：考查代詞。句意見上一題解析。It is up to sb.to do sth.為固定句型，it為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式。故填it。7whether解析：考查賓語從句。句意：檢測一篇文章是否難度適中的一種方式是讀第一頁。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，test為動詞，后接賓語從句，結(jié)合句意和空后的or not可知，此處填whether。8higher解析：考查形容詞的比較級。句意：如果生詞率高于3%，你將很難讀懂文章，因此可能也不會喜歡這篇文章。根據(jù)空后的than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級。故填higher。9on解析：考查介詞。句意：你可以在網(wǎng)上找到有關(guān)這一主題的英文文章。on the Internet為固定搭配，意為“在網(wǎng)上”。10studying解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：你可以用那種方式練習用英語閱讀和學習生物。由as well as可知，practicing和設(shè)空處并列，故填studying。struggle v& n奮斗，努力；斗爭，抗爭(1)struggle against/with sb./sth.同作斗爭；與抗爭struggle(with sb.)for sth.為爭取而(與某人)作斗爭struggle to do sth.艱難地做某事，掙扎著做某事struggle to ones feet掙扎著站起來(2)with a struggle 費勁地It is a struggle for sb.to do sth.對某人來說做某事是一件艱難的事(教材原句)Indeed，his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers，for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的確，他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實的身體，就跟其他千百萬的中國農(nóng)民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。Farmers always have to struggle for a living.They often struggle against/with the bad weather for a better harvest.Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，struggling (struggle) to increase their income.農(nóng)民一直都得為了生存而努力。他們經(jīng)常與惡劣的天氣斗爭來爭取好一點的收成。他們中的一些人甚至不得不離開家鄉(xiāng)到城市打工，努力地增加他們的收入。(2016·北京卷)Because a college community (群體) differs from the family，many students will struggle to find(find)a sense of belonging.因為大學群體不同于家庭，很多學生要艱難地尋找一種歸屬感。單句語法填空(2017·全國卷)We found that in 30mph zones they struggled (struggle) to keep at a constant speed.equip vt.& vi.裝備；配備(1)equip.with.用裝備be equipped with 裝備著equip.for sth./to do sth.為了而裝備，使能夠做某事be well/poorly equipped 設(shè)備精良的/較差的(2)equipment n裝備；設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞)a piece of equipment 一件設(shè)備(教材原句)He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.因此，他資助幾百萬元供其他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。(2016·北京卷)Thus，these wellequipped (wellequip) people survived because they were the fittest.這樣，這些裝備精良的人幸存了下來，因為他們是最健康的。語境填詞Equipped (equip) with much knowledge about education，Li Ming thought the training course had_equipped (equip) him for his job.He was appointed to a middle school，whose classrooms and readingroom were_equipped (equip) with computers and other necessary equipment (equip)He was glad to see all this and when he saw the well equipped (equip) laboratory，he felt he liked the school and would do quite well there.單句語法填空(2017·天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment (equip), allowing more patients to be treated.confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難；使混亂；混淆(1)sth.confuse sb.某事使某人困惑confuse.with/and.混淆；把混同；辨別不清(2)confused adj.困惑的，煩惱的(表示人的內(nèi)心感受)become/get confused 困惑；不知所措be confused by 被弄混、糊涂be confused about 對糊涂、不解(3)confusing adj.令人費解的；使人困惑的(表示事物的狀態(tài))(4)confusion n混亂；雜亂；困惑in confusion 處于混亂狀態(tài)(in a mess)；困惑地(教材原句)It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.把這個再解釋一遍很重要，否則我們就會使學生感到迷惑。Confused (confuse)，I glanced toward my stonefaced teacher.我看了一眼板著臉的老師，內(nèi)心充滿了困惑。I was getting confused (confuse) by such a confusing (confuse) problem.我被這么困惑的問題搞得不知所措。regret vt.惋惜；后悔；遺憾n.遺憾；抱歉；懊悔(1)regret doing/having done sth.后悔做了某事regret to do sth.遺憾將要做某事regret to say/tell/inform.that.遺憾地說(告知)regretthat 從句 遺憾(2)with great/deep regret 很遺憾to ones regret 讓某人感到遺憾的是have no regrets 沒有遺憾(3)regrettable adj.令人遺憾的，令人懊悔的(教材原句)His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.他的父親說他從不后悔送他兒子到國外學習。I have always regretted not_having_studied (not study) hard at school.我一直后悔在校期間沒有努力學習。I regretted (regret) to tell him that he had been dismissed.To my surprise，he said to me，“I have no regrets (regret)I only regret having_taken (take) the wrong job.”我遺憾地告訴他他被解雇了。使我驚奇的是，他對我說：“我沒有什么遺憾。我唯一后悔的是選錯了工作?！眆ocus vt.集中注意力；聚焦n.焦點，關(guān)注點，中心點(1)focus on.集中于focus ones mind/attention/eyes/energy on.集中注意力/目光/精力于focus/fix/concentrate ones attention on sth./doing sth.把注意力集中到某事/做某事pay attention to 集中注意力于(2)be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on集中于(3)bring/throw sth.into focus 使某事物成為焦點(受到關(guān)注)the focus of attention 注意力的焦點(教材原句)They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他們主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。(2016·北京卷)Anxious all the time，I was unable to keep focused (focus) for more than an hour at a time.由于一直焦慮，所以我不能夠一次集中精力超過一個多小時。Global warming is the focus of the meeting to be held tomorrow.Experts from different countries will focus on a possible solution to this problem.In fact many scientists are_focusing (focus) their attention on/upon this research.全球變暖是明天要舉行的會議的焦點。來自于不同國家的專家們將集中找到一個可能的辦法來解決這一問題。事實上很多科學家們正集中精力進行這一研究。單句語法填空(2017·全國卷)We were respectful of craft(技藝)and focused (focus) on digging into the characters we were going to play. 【七選五】Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore. 2 Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 3 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 4 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a victim mentality. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose everything.Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5 Instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了人們一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。1.B 【解析】根據(jù)上句信任是我們從過去的經(jīng)歷中獲取的一種行為和下句信任是一種冒險可知，此空填B，本句是對第一句話的進一步解釋：信任是信賴某人。2.E 【解析】上句有時，人們簡直無法再信任(別人)了；下句這是可以理解的，由此可推測本句應(yīng)是解釋人們無法信任某人的原因。故填E。3.A 【解析】由下句對自己有信心能幫助你做出更好的選擇可知，前一句應(yīng)是學會真正信任自己，故填A(yù)。4.C 【解析】由本段最后一句在我們生活中的某些時候，我們的信任會被檢驗或打破可知，此處應(yīng)填C，意為不要認為自己是個受害者。5.G 【解析】副詞Instead表示轉(zhuǎn)折?？赏茰y這里應(yīng)是看到事物積極的一面并不意味著你無視已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事。故填G。be satisfied with 對表示滿足或滿意(1)對滿意(2)be satisfied to do.對做感到滿意(3)(much) to ones satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb.使某人滿意的是(4)satisfy ones needssatisfy the needs of sb.滿足某人的需求(5)satisfied adj.滿意的(教材原句)Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life.袁隆平很滿意自己的生活。From his satisfied (satisfy) look I know he is_satisfied (satisfy) to work here.從他滿意的神情可以看出，他很滿意在這里工作。Much to my satisfaction (satisfy)，my boss agreed to my suggestion.使我非常滿意的是老板同意了我的建議。build up 逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā)build sb./oneself up 增強體質(zhì)build up ones health/body 增進健康build up a fame 建立名聲build on 在基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展；增(擴)建(教材原句)These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.隨著時間的推移，食物中的這些化學成分會在人體中堆積。Try and build up his confidence a bit.試試讓他增加對自己的信心。We hope to build on what we learned last year.我們希望能在去年所學的基礎(chǔ)上進一步發(fā)展。(2015·四川卷)More expressways will_be_built (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.為促進當?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟發(fā)展，四川將建造更多的高速公路。lead to 導致；造成(后果)；通向(1)lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事lead sb.to/into.帶(領(lǐng))某人到(某處)；使某人得出(結(jié)論)lead sb.in sth./doing sth.帶領(lǐng)某人做某事lead the way 帶頭；先行(2)in the lead 處于領(lǐng)先地位take the lead 帶頭，領(lǐng)先(教材原句)Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多這類化學物質(zhì)會引起癌癥或其他疾病。What led you to this conclusion?你是如何得出這個結(jié)論的？The discovery of the new evidence eventually led to the officials being_arrested/arrest (arrest)新的證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)最終導致這名官員被捕?！径涛母腻e】Zhou Yan is the Senior Three student.Last week，he goes to see a doctor because of his arms and fingers hurt.The doctor told him the fact that had a “mobile phone disease”Zhou sent messages for his friends with his mobile phone all the time，even in bed.Zhou started to do badly in all the exam because he spent so many time on his mobile phone.He didn't stop use the mobile phone until his arms hurt.Yang Ling，which is an expert from a health center，said students should try to use their mobile phones less，especial at school.【答案】Zhou Yan is Senior Three student.Last week，he to see a doctor because his arms and fingers hurt.The doctor told him the fact that had a “mobile phone disease”Zhou sent messages his friends with his mobile phone all the time，even in bed.Zhou started to do badly in all the because he spent so time on his mobile phone.He didn't stop the mobile phone until his arms hurt.Yang Ling， is an expert from a health center，said students should try to use their mobile phones less， at school.第一處：thea?？疾楣谠~。student是可數(shù)名詞，且第一次在語境中出現(xiàn)，表泛指，故用不定冠詞修飾。第二處：goeswent?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。與語境Last week呼應(yīng)，事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。第三處：刪除of。his arms and fingers hurt是個句子，故of多余。第四處：had前加he?？疾榇~。that引導一個同位語從句，而非定語從句，在從句中不作句子成分，對fact的內(nèi)容進行補充說明，由此可知，從句中缺少了主語，且由上文的him可知，應(yīng)用人稱代詞的主格形式he。第五處：forto?？疾榻樵~。固定搭配send sth.to sb.意為“給某人送某物”，符合語境，故用介詞to。第六處：examexams?？疾槊~復數(shù)。exam是可數(shù)名詞，且被all修飾，故用復數(shù)形式。第七處：manymuch。time在此處用作不可數(shù)名詞，故用much修飾。第八處：useusing?？疾閯用~。固定搭配stop doing sth.意為“停止做某事”，符合語境，故用動名詞作賓語。第九處：whichwho?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。先行詞Yang Ling，指人，故用who引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語。第十處：especialespecially?？疾楦痹~。應(yīng)用副詞especially修飾介詞短語at school。If_so，what did you do to grow them?如果這樣的話，你做了些什么來種植這些植物？if so“如果這樣的話”，是if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式，表示肯定意義；如果表示否定意義，則用if not。if ever 如果有過/發(fā)生過的話if any 如果有的話if possible 如果有可能if necessary 如果有必要(2014·福建卷改編)The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，if ever，reaching 30 in summer.這里的氣候非常宜人，溫度極少會到達30攝氏度。If_possible，you should try it once more.如果可能的話，你應(yīng)該再試一次。If_necessary，Ill go there myself.如果必要的話，我將親自去那兒一趟。I think theres a train at midday.If_not，youll have to wait till 12：30.我想正午會有一班班車。要是沒有，你只好等到12點半了?！鹃喿x理解】After the earthquake had stopped, when the rescuers reached the ruins of a young woman's house, they saw her dead body through the cracks. But her pose was somehow strange that she knelt on her knees like a person was worshipping(禮拜); her body was leaning forward, and her two hands were supported by an object. The collapsed house had crashed her back and her head. With so many difficulties, the leader of the rescue team put his hand through a narrow gap on the wall to reach the woman's body. He was hoping that this woman could be still alive. However, the cold and stiff body told him that she had passed away for sure. He and the rest of the team left this house and were going to search the next collapsed building. For some reasons, the team leader was driven by a compelling force to go back to the ruined house of the dead woman. Again, he knelt down and used his hand through the narrow cracks to search the little space under the dead body. Suddenly, he screamed with excitement，“A child! There is a child！” The whole team worked together; carefully they removed the piles of ruined objects around the dead woman. There was a 3­month­old little boy wrapped in a flowery blanket under his mother's dead body. Obviously, the woman had made a sacrifice for saving her son. When her house was falling, she used her body to make a cover to protect her son. The little boy was still sleeping peacefully when the team leader picked him up. The medical doctor came quickly to examine the little boy. After he opened the blanket, he saw a cell phone.There was a text message on the screen. It said, “If you can survive, you must remember that I love you.” This cell phone was passed around from one hand to another. Everybody that read the message wept. “If you can survive, you must remember that I love you.” Such is the mother's love for her child!【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。地震中一位年輕的媽媽為了保護年幼的兒子，用自己的身體彎出的弧度給了兒子一片安全的地帶，并在手機上留言，表達自己對兒子深深的愛。1. Why did the leader of the rescue team decide to leave the house? AHe didn't notice the woman. BHe left to ask for help. CHe knew she was dead. DThe gap was too narrow for his hand to get through.答案與解析：C'考查細節(jié)理解。 【關(guān)鍵句】However，the cold and stiff body told him that she had passed away for sure.(第二段最后一句)譯文：然而，冰冷僵硬的身體告訴他她確實已經(jīng)死了。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，救援隊的隊長確定這個女人已經(jīng)死去后決定帶隊離開。故選C。2. The reason why the woman died in such a strange pose was that _.Aher hands were supported by an objectBthe earthquake happened when she was worshippingCher knees were severely injured Dshe tried to protect her baby with her own body答案與解析：D'考查細節(jié)理解。 【關(guān)鍵句】Obviously, the woman had made a sacrifice for saving her son.When her house was falling，she used her body to make a cover to protect her son.(第四段第三、四句)譯文：顯然，這個女人為了救她的兒子做出了犧牲。當她的房子塌下來時，她用自己的身體作掩護來保護她的兒子。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，那個女人用身體彎出弧度來保護自己的兒子，所以死時姿勢奇特。故選D。3. What can be the best title for the passage?AA strange pose in the ruinsBA rescue team's struggleCA mother's love in the ruins DA heart­breaking scene答案與解析：C'考查標題概括。文章主要講述地震中一位母親為了保護年幼的兒子，用身體彎出弧度給了兒子一片安全的地帶，并在手機上留言，表達了對兒子深深的母愛。因此C項“廢墟中的母愛”能概括全文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選C。亮點句積累：The little boy was still sleeping peacefully when the team leader picked him up.(倒數(shù)第二段最后一句)譯文：當隊長把小男孩抱起來時，他仍在安穩(wěn)地睡著。 12