英語(yǔ)第一部分 教材八下 Unit 1-2 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版

八年級(jí)( 下 )Unit 1-2重點(diǎn)單詞1.mattern.問(wèn)題;事情2.liev.躺,平躺;說(shuō)謊lay/lied( 過(guò)去式 )lain/lied( 過(guò)去分詞 )lying( 現(xiàn)在分詞 )3.restv./n.放松,休息4.headachen.頭痛;令人頭痛的事5.passengern.乘客,旅客6.troublen.問(wèn)題;苦惱7.hitv.擊,打hit( 過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞 )8.sickadj.生病的,有病的;惡心的sicknessn.疾病9.riskn.危險(xiǎn);風(fēng)險(xiǎn);冒險(xiǎn)10.situationn.情況;形式11.importancen.重要性;重要importantadj.重要的12.decisionn.決定,抉擇decidev.決定13.controln./v.約束,管理14.spiritn.勇氣;意志15.cheerv./n.歡呼,喝彩cheerfuladj.歡樂(lè)的,高興的16.signn.標(biāo)志;信號(hào)17.noticen.通知;通告v.注意18.lonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的,寂寞的19.aloneadv.獨(dú)自,單獨(dú)20.joyn.高興,愉快joyfuladj.快樂(lè)的,高興的21.raisev.募集,征集risev.上升;增強(qiáng)arisev.出現(xiàn);產(chǎn)生;起立22.repairv.修理;修補(bǔ)23.fixv.修理,安裝24.brokenadj.破損的;殘缺的breakn.間歇 v.打破;中斷broke( 過(guò)去式 )broken( 過(guò)去分詞 )25.blindadj.瞎的,失明的blindnessn.失明;盲目26.deafadj.聾的deafnessn.聾,聽不清27.imaginev.想象;設(shè)想imaginationn.想象力imaginableadj.可想象的28.difficultyn.困難;難題difficultadj.困難的29.carryv.拿;提;扛bringv.帶來(lái)fetchv.去拿來(lái),取takev.拿;獲得30.trainv.訓(xùn)練;培訓(xùn)n.火車trainingn.訓(xùn)練31.kindnessn.仁慈,善良kindadj.善良的32.cleveradj.聰明的,聰穎的33.changev./n.變化;改變changeableadj.可變的;易變的34.interestn.興趣;關(guān)注v.使感興趣interestingadj.有趣的interestedadj.感興趣的35.hurtv.( 使 )疼痛;受傷n.創(chuàng)傷;傷害hurt( 過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞 )36.disabledadj.喪失能力的;有殘疾的37.meanv.意思是;意味著;打算meant( 過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞 )38.feelingn.感覺(jué)feelv.感覺(jué)felt( 過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞 )39.ownern.主人ownv.擁有40.satisfactionn.滿足,滿意satisfyv.使?jié)M意,使?jié)M足satisfiedadj.滿意的,滿足的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.try out參加選拔;試用2.have a cold受涼;感冒3.have a stomachache胃痛;肚子痛 4.lie down躺下 5.take breaks/take a break休息6.have a fever發(fā)燒 7.to ones surprise使驚訝的;出乎意料8.get into陷入;參與9.be used to習(xí)慣于,適應(yīng)于 10.used to曾經(jīng),過(guò)去 11.run out ( of )用完;耗盡 12.get out of離開,從出去 13.cut off切除 14.be in control of掌管,管理 15.make a decision做決定 16.give up放棄 17.cheer up使振作起來(lái)18.give out分發(fā);散發(fā) e up with想出;提出 20.hand out分發(fā) 21.call sb.up打電話給某人;征召22.care for照顧;喜歡 23.fix up修理;裝飾 24.set up建立;設(shè)立25.take after( 外貌、行為 )像 26.give away贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng) 27.make a difference影響,有作用 28.take an interest in/be interested in對(duì)感興趣 29.take ones temperature量體溫30.get off下車31.right away立刻,馬上32.take risks/take a risk冒險(xiǎn)33.put off推遲單元高頻詞匯訓(xùn)練單元高頻詞匯訓(xùn)練 .根據(jù)首字母及漢語(yǔ)提示填空1.I need to go to hospital,because I have a terrible headache( 頭疼 ).2.She worked all day without break( 休息 ).3.You are taking a big risk( 危險(xiǎn) ) driving so fast.4.Linda feels lonely( 寂寞的 ) when her parents are away from home.5.He was in a dangerous situation( 情況 ).6.He is now the proud owner( 主人 ) of a house in Wales.7.He has no interest( 興趣 ) in watching the new movie.8.He has received several months training( 訓(xùn)練 ) before becoming a teacher.9.I cant imagine( 想象 ) life without the children now.10.We finally reached a decision( 決定 ) on where to build a bridge over the river.用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He warned the importance( important ) of careful driving.2.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction( satisfy ) when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.3.We had lots of difficulty repairing( repair ) these old machines because we knew little about them.4.The old man carried( carry ) some stones to repair his old house yesterday.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)1off的用法 He got off and asked the woman what happened.他下車并詢問(wèn)那位女士發(fā)生了什么事。( P3 )off作副詞時(shí),意為“離開,距,離,下班,被取消”;作介詞時(shí),意為“離開,在外,從落下”。例如:1.Ive got three days off next week.我下周有三天休息。2.There is a bathroom off the main bedroom.在主臥室邊上有一個(gè)洗漱間。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型off短語(yǔ)小結(jié)get off 下車put off 推遲show off 炫耀fall off 從掉下hurry off 匆匆離去keep off 遠(yuǎn)離,不接近ring off 掛斷電話set off 出發(fā)pay off 付清see sb.off 為某人送行turn off 關(guān)閉;完成;解雇take off起飛;脫掉( 衣服 )give off 發(fā)出( 光、熱、氣味等 )cut off 打斷,切斷,中斷go off 離開;鬧鐘響;爆炸重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型活學(xué)活用( 2017湖北黃岡 )Are we going to have a sports meeting on Friday,Li Ping?No,itll betill next week because of the bad weather. A.put outB.put onC.put awayD.put off【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:李平,這個(gè)星期五會(huì)舉辦運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)嗎?不,因?yàn)樵愀獾奶鞖?運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將會(huì)被推遲到下周。put off意為“推遲”,符合語(yǔ)境?！敬鸢浮?D重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)2lonely和alone的用法 Yeah,a lot of old people are lonely.是的,很多老人很孤獨(dú)。( P10 )1.lonely只能作形容詞,表示人主觀上感到“孤獨(dú)的”,感情色彩濃厚;也可修飾地點(diǎn),意為“荒涼的,偏僻的”。例如:1 )I feel lonely without my dog.我的狗不在旁邊我感到很寂寞。2 )Thats a lonely island.那是一個(gè)荒涼的島嶼。2.alone可用作副詞,意為“單獨(dú)地,獨(dú)自地”,相當(dāng)于by oneself;也可用作形容詞,意為“單獨(dú)的,獨(dú)自的”,表示客觀情況。例如:1 )She lives alone in the village.她獨(dú)自一人生活在那個(gè)村莊。2 )He was alone in the middle of the hall.他獨(dú)自一個(gè)在大廳中間。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型活學(xué)活用用lonely或alone填空She lived alone in a small village but she didnt feel lonely.【解析】考查alone和lonely的區(qū)別。alone表示客觀上的獨(dú)自一人;lonely表示主觀上感到孤獨(dú)、寂寞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,第一空表示“一個(gè)人獨(dú)自居住”,用alone;第二個(gè)空表示“她不感到孤獨(dú)”,用lonely。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)3raise,rise和arise的用法 For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.例如,我們可以安排探望醫(yī)院里生病的孩子或者為那些無(wú)家可歸的人籌錢。( P12 )1.raise“提升,舉起,籌集,培育”,為及物動(dòng)詞,后面通常加賓語(yǔ)。例如:1 )He raised a hand in greeting.他舉起手打招呼。2 )They did many things to raise the living standard.他們做了很多事情來(lái)提高生活水平。3 )The old woman raises 20 chickens for eggs.這位老婦人養(yǎng)了20只雞用來(lái)下蛋。2.rise( rose,risen )“升起,增加,提高”,為不及物動(dòng)詞,后面通常不能加賓語(yǔ);rise 也可以用作名詞,表示“增加,提高”。例如:1 )Smoke was rising from the chimney.煙從煙囪里面升起來(lái)。2 )The sun rises from the east.太陽(yáng)從東邊升起。3 )There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失業(yè)人數(shù)大幅增加。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型3.arise( arose,arisen )“( 問(wèn)題、困難等 )出現(xiàn),發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生”,為不及物動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)一般為抽象名詞,如problem,trouble,quarrel,difficulty,misunderstanding,disagreement,無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 常用短語(yǔ):arise from/out of sth.“由引起,因產(chǎn)生”。例如:1 )How did the quarrel arise?爭(zhēng)吵是怎么引起的?2 )They are talking about problems arising out of the lack of communication.他們正在談?wù)撚捎谌狈涣鞫a(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型活學(xué)活用They haveup to 20,000 yuan for the Hope Project. A.roseB.aroseC.raised D.risen【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:他們已經(jīng)為希望工程籌集了2萬(wàn)元人民幣。rise意為“升起,增加,提高”;arise意為“出現(xiàn),產(chǎn)生,發(fā)生”。raise意為“籌集”,符合語(yǔ)境?！敬鸢浮?C重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)4repair,mend和fix的用法 Jimmy fixes up broken bicycle parts,like wheels.吉米修理好了損壞的自行車零件,如車輪。( P13 )repair,mend和fix都有“修理”的意思,但用法有所不同。1.repair的對(duì)象范圍很廣,從房屋、道路、機(jī)器到日常生活必需品,是指使受到一定損失或失靈的東西恢復(fù)其形狀或功能。一般比mend和fix正式。例如:Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 誰(shuí)把桌子的斷腿修好了?2.mend指的是恢復(fù)某物原來(lái)的樣子( 包括用針、線來(lái)縫補(bǔ) ),一般指較小之物。例如:This shirt is too old to mend.這件衣服太舊不能補(bǔ)了。3.fix用于修飾需要重新調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)的物體,指把松散的部件固定結(jié)實(shí),將分離的物體各部分裝配起來(lái)。用于美國(guó)口語(yǔ)中時(shí),與repair可替換使用。例如:Can you fix the broken chair?你能修理那把壞了的椅子嗎?重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型活學(xué)活用My uncle is against wasting anything.No wonder he would ratherthe old bike thana new one. A.repair;to buy B.to repair;buyC.repair;buyD.to repair;to buy【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定句型would rather do sth.than do sth.意為“寧愿做某事而不愿做某事”?！敬鸢浮?C重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)5used to和be used to的用法 They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他們給我講關(guān)于過(guò)去的故事以及過(guò)去的事物。( P10 )1.used to 表示“過(guò)去持續(xù)或者經(jīng)常發(fā)生,曾經(jīng)”。其否定形式為didnt use to 或者used not to。例如:1 )I used to live in London.我過(guò)去住在倫敦。2 )I didnt use to like him much when we were at school.我們?cè)趯W(xué)校的時(shí)候我就不太喜歡他。2.be used to ( doing ) sth.表示“習(xí)慣于( 做 )某事”。此處to為介詞,be也可以用get代替。例如:1 )We are used to the noise from the traffic now.我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了交通的噪音。2 )Im not used to eating so much at lunch time.我不習(xí)慣中午吃得太多。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型be used to do sth.表示“被用來(lái)做某事”。例如:Wood is used to make desks and chairs.木頭可以被用來(lái)制作桌椅?；顚W(xué)活用( 2017江蘇泰州 )Diana used toto work,but now she is used tobecause the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A.drive;walkingB.drive;walkC.driving;walk D.driving;walking【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。used to do sth.意為“過(guò)去常常做某事”;be/get used to ( doing ) sth.意為“習(xí)慣于( 做 )某事”?！敬鸢浮?A重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)6Id like to help homeless people.我想要幫助無(wú)家可歸的人們。( P12 )動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式,沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化,不能單獨(dú)作句子的謂語(yǔ)。其構(gòu)成形式為“to+動(dòng)詞原形”,to為動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào),本身無(wú)意義。動(dòng)詞不定式的具體用法如下:1.作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)可位于句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:To learn English well is very important.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。2.作賓語(yǔ)常見的只能跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有want,need,decide,ask,learn,hope,begin,agree,plan,refuse,seem,wish,fail,choose,manage,promise,expect,afford等。例如:He hopes to see you soon.他希望很快再見到你。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型3.作賓補(bǔ)( 1 )常見的跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有ask,want,tell,wish,like,teach,invite,advise,allow,order,encourage,warn,get,beg等。例如:I invited him to come to my birthday party.我邀請(qǐng)他來(lái)參加我的生日派對(duì)。( 2 )下列動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)跟省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):“一感”( feel );“二聽”( hear,listen to );“三使”( make,let,have );“四看”( see,watch,notice,look at );一半幫( help,后接to或不接都可以 )。例如:This afternoon I watched them play football.今天下午我觀看了他們踢足球。4.作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ),一般放在系動(dòng)詞be,seem的后面,主語(yǔ)通常是wish,idea,task,job等名詞。例如:My wish is to be a doctor.我的愿望是成為一名醫(yī)生。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型5.作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ),應(yīng)置于所修飾詞語(yǔ)之后。常接動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的名詞有way,time,place,promise,way,wish等。例如:There is no time to think.沒(méi)有時(shí)間思考了。6.作狀語(yǔ)( 1 )動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)表原因,其結(jié)構(gòu)是:be+adj.+to do,常搭配的形容詞有sorry,happy,sad,glad,pleased,lucky,surprised,able,angry,ready,clever,wrong,right等。例如:She is very happy to see her husband.見到她的丈夫她很開心。( 2 )動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)表結(jié)果,此時(shí)常用于too.to.,enough to.結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:He is too young to go to school.= He isnt old enough to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go to school.他太小了還不能去上學(xué)。( 3 )動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)表目的。例如:She went home to have dinner.她回家去吃晚飯。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)句型活學(xué)活用( 2017合肥50中模擬 )How kind you are!You always do what you canothers. A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.to help【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。此句是個(gè)省略句,完整的句式為“You always do what you can do to help others.”,故此空應(yīng)用不定式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)?！敬鸢浮?D1.( 2016安徽第42題 )Taking some exercise every day willfat and make you fit. ( C )A.turn toB.sell outC.burn offD.put on2.( 2015安徽第45題 )Would you like to play football after school?.I have a lot of homework to do.( A ) A.Im afraid notB.Enjoy yourselfC.Take your timeD.It takes no time3.( 2013安徽第48題 )The people in Yaan have met lots of difficulties,but they havent hope.( B ) A.picked upB.given upC.looked for D.waited for1.I dont feelbecause I have made many friends. ( B )A.alone B.lonelyC.happy D.noisy2.Would you like to go to the space museum?Id love to,but I havent made ( a ).Ill think about it. ( D )A.progressB.mistakeC.mess D.decision3.Over $30,000for a childrens hospital by a British girl several months ago. ( A )A.was raisedB.is raisedC.will be raised D.raised4.Last weekend,my sister and I went to the zoo and we enjoyedthere. ( C )A.himselfB.herselfC.ourselvesD.themselves5.I hope to be a volunteer on weekends.You could help tothe city parks. ( D )A.cheer upB.make upC.take upD.clean up6.Li Pings mother was angry with him because he spent all he hadan MP5. ( C )A.to buyB.boughtC.buying D.buy7.She was on the phone for an hour telling me herthat she met in her daily life. ( B )A.messagesB.troublesC.directionsD.invitations8.Please wait for a moment.The workers arethe broken machine in the factory. ( A )A.repairingB.makingC.orderingD.mending9.She wants to her job and go to study in Australia. ( C )A.grow upB.wake upC.give upD.pick up10.Who worked out this problem?Lucy did.She is a verygirl. ( D )A.clear B.sick C.excitedD.clever居住環(huán)境本話題主要涉及社區(qū)、房屋與居所、居室、家具、家庭用品等。居住環(huán)境,特別是家庭生活環(huán)境以及外在的社會(huì)生活環(huán)境是考生最為熟悉的話題?？忌谄綍r(shí)就要積累與此相關(guān)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型?！驹~匯積累】bedroom臥室apartment公寓floor樓層kitchen廚房bookshelf書架table桌子sofa 沙發(fā)park公園clean up清掃h(yuǎn)igh building高樓washing room衛(wèi)生間a house with a garden帶花園的房子living room/sitting room客廳be friendly to others待人友好get on well with與和諧相處make our life better讓我們的生活變得更美好help do some housework幫忙做一些家務(wù)improve our living environment改善我們的居住環(huán)境decorate our bedroom with flowers用花裝飾我們的房間【句式訓(xùn)練】仿寫句子1.例句:Its necessary for us to develop our living standards.仿寫: 2.例句:What can we do to improve our life?仿寫: 3.例句:Homes are the best places for us to have a good rest.仿寫: 4.例句:We are sure to learn a lot from these activities.仿寫: 5.例句:We need to come up with a plan for the problem.仿寫: 【語(yǔ)段訓(xùn)練】家庭環(huán)境根據(jù)提示,將以下句子連成一篇英語(yǔ)短文。1.有一句老話說(shuō)道,“金窩銀窩,不如自己的狗窩”。( saying;east,west,homes best. )2.我住在鄉(xiāng)下的房子,里面有一個(gè)大的起居室、三個(gè)臥室、一個(gè)廚房和一個(gè)衛(wèi)生間。( countryside;kitchen;washroom )3.房子周圍是一些樹和花,空氣非常清新。我經(jīng)常能聽到鳥兒在唱歌。( around;clean )4.我家有四個(gè)人,父母、姐姐和我。我們相互幫助,總能相處融洽。( parents;helpful;get on well )5.我很高興我有一個(gè)快樂(lè)的家庭。我會(huì)盡我所能幫忙做更多的家務(wù)和農(nóng)活。( happy;housework;farm work )6.我會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí),將來(lái)掙更多的錢。在我們的努力下,我相信我家會(huì)越來(lái)越好。( so that;future;effort;sure )There is an old saying,“East,west,homes best.” I live in a house in the countryside.Theres a big living room,three bedrooms,a kitchen and a washroom in it.Therere some trees and flowers around my house.The air is really fresh.And I often hear birds singing. Therere four people in my family.Theyre my parents,my sister and I.Were helpful and friendly.And we always get on well with each other. Im happy I have a good family.I will do what I can to help do more housework and farm work.Ill study harder so that I can make more money in the future.With our effort,Im sure my home will be better and better.