高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela modern hero含解析新人教版必修1

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1、 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero 李仕才 一、閱讀理解。 You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot（虛擬聊天機(jī)器人）. Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 20

2、15, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice. ＂Her incredible learning ability was why people loved t

3、o talk with Xiaoice,＂ Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符號(hào)） in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting w

4、ith users, China Daily reported. Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech companies, they are becoming smarter and more common. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia’s Deakin University, answer

5、ing students’ questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users. These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, T

6、he New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a ＂Samantha＂, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy

7、 of virtual soul mates. 1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? A. She became a best seller. B. She became very powerful. C. She became a money maker. D. She became very popular. 2.Which of the following can Xiaoice do? A. Do housework. B. Spread messages. C. Identify va

8、rious photos. D. Read news to its users. 3.Which company’s chatbot program can act as an academic consultant? A. Microsoft. B. IBM. C. Apple. D. Amazon. 4.What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Chatbots will be applied to cars soon. B. Chatbots mainly ru

9、n on smartphones now. C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film. D. The film Her doesn’t interest many audience. 【文章大意】本文講述的是人工智能程序的發(fā)展情況。列舉了微信上的聊天程序大受歡迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成為顧問(wèn)，但是目前這種程序主要應(yīng)用在智能手機(jī)上，人們期待它將來(lái)可以在手機(jī)以外的地方使用。 1.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange me

10、ssages with her daily可知，她在微信上大受歡迎，很多中國(guó)人都喜歡與她聊天，故選D。 3.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作為學(xué)術(shù)顧問(wèn)，故選B。 4.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms,

11、可知，人們期待這些程序除了智能手機(jī)之外，也能應(yīng)用在電視、汽車、 起居室等地，所以目前是主要應(yīng)用在智能手機(jī)上，故選B。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Now their peace talks have reached a key stage ________ one side must give in to the other. 答案：where　當(dāng)先行詞是case, position, stage等抽象名詞，且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句使用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 2．From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwo

12、rk and ________ (devote)． 答案：devotion　由teamwork and可知，此處填名詞devotion “奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)”，作賓語(yǔ)。 3．When an animal is ________ attack it can run away or fight back. 答案：under　 under attack “受到攻擊”。 4．She started singing to the baby and ________ (reward) with a smile. 答案：was rewarded　reward sb. with a smile “對(duì)某

13、人報(bào)以微笑”，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 5．Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape ________ (fire) by his boss. 答案：being fired　escape being fired “免于被解雇”。 6．I have some trouble ________ (read) the letter, because his handwriting is very bad. 答案：(in) reading　have trouble (in) doin

14、g sth. “做某事有困難”。 7．In some places there are many laws against ________ (cruel) to animals but few to protect children. 答案：cruelty　空前against是介詞，因此本空填名詞cruelty “殘忍；殘酷”。 8．Your teacher can give you ________ (guide) on choosing a career and writing a job application. 答案：guidance　give sb. guidance

15、on ... “給某人關(guān)于……的指導(dǎo)或建議”，故此處填名詞guidance “指導(dǎo)”。 9．________ (educate) usually refers to teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college. 答案：Education　此處應(yīng)用名詞education “教育”作主語(yǔ)。 10．The young man was sentenced to ________ (die) for killing a middle school student. 答案：death　be sentenced

16、 to death “被判死刑”。 三、完形填空。 The murmur of the audience had just faded into silence.This was one of the most __1__ days in fiveyearold Patricia McKees life：the Kernot School Concert.She stood __2__ the curtain with her schoolmates.Yet she was not __3__ because everyone had been practicing for weeks

17、 and knew their __4__ by heart. Being in a remote country town，Patricia knew that everyone would __5__ for the big occasion－everyone！Yet，it was this awareness that added a sense of __6__ to her excitement.There were two people who couldnt be in that __7__ that night—her mum and dad. Patricias pare

18、nts __8__ the local general store，which was __9__ for business 24 hours.So it was simply __10__ that Mum and Dad could never attend community activities.It had been this way with her sister，so why should it be any __11__ for her? Still，Patricia couldnt help __12__ that her parents could be there to

19、 see her on such a special day，so she decided to __13__ the subject with her mother.__14__，she had to face the facts.At such a young age，Patricia couldnt really understand the deep __15__ in her mothers response：“Ill try to be there，sweetheart，but you know how __16__ it is for us to get away from th

20、e store.” Yet as the curtain slowly opened, little Patricia got the __17__ of her life.There，sitting four rows the front was her mother with a big smile on her face! This powerful image __18__ one of Patricias most treasured memories.“Words cannot express the pure joy we both __19__ at that moment

21、，” said Patricia.Her parents have passed away, but what a wonderful legacy(遺產(chǎn)) theyve left us：when someone really __20__ you，be there for them. 1．A.difficult　　　　　　B．important C．sad D．perfect 2．A.before B．under C．beside D．behind 3．A.excited B．moved

22、C．a(chǎn)fraid D．lost 4．A.parts B．relations C．jobs D．forms 5．A.join up B．prepare C．drop in D．turn out 6．A.happiness B．sadness C．willingness D．eagerness 7．A.audience B．store C．play D．movie 8．A.bought

23、 B．got C．sold D．ran 9．A.easy B．open C．still D．closed 10．A.recognized B．denied C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．incredible 11．A.different B．satisfied C．personal D．wise 12．A.thinking B．talking C．learning D．wishing 13．A.hand in B．go

24、through C．bring up D．put away 14．A.Surprisingly B．Happily C．Obviously D．Sadly 15．A.pain B．meaning C．understanding D．thought 16．A.awful B．hard C．troublesome D．thankful 17．A.blow B．wonder C．person D．surprise 18．A.remained B．left C．too

25、k D．a(chǎn)ffected 19．A.wanted B．experienced C．made D．forgot 20．A.hates B．loves C．cares D．needs 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。父母因忙于看店無(wú)法去看Patricia McKee的演出，所以當(dāng)Patricia突然看到母親出現(xiàn)在演出現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)，她非常驚訝。這一刻成了她一生的回憶。文章通過(guò)這件事告訴我們：當(dāng)別人需要你時(shí)，請(qǐng)陪在他們身邊。 1．B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段中的“the big occasion”以及常識(shí)可知，對(duì)于五

26、歲的Patricia來(lái)說(shuō)，那天是一個(gè)重要的日子。B項(xiàng)意為“重要的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“困難的”；C項(xiàng)意為“悲傷的”；D項(xiàng)意為“完美的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。 2．D　考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)及第五段第一句“Yet as the curtain slowly opened”可知，出場(chǎng)前Patricia和她的同學(xué)站在幕布的后面。D項(xiàng)意為“在……的后面”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“在……面前”；B項(xiàng)意為“在……下面”；C項(xiàng)意為“在……旁邊”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。 3．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“because everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知

27、，所有人都排練了幾個(gè)星期，所以她不害怕。C項(xiàng)意為“害怕的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“興奮的”；B項(xiàng)意為“感動(dòng)的”；D項(xiàng)意為“迷惘的，困惑的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。 4．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“everyone had been practicing for weeks”可知，排練了幾個(gè)星期，每個(gè)人都記熟了自己的臺(tái)詞和動(dòng)作。A項(xiàng)意為“角色，臺(tái)詞和動(dòng)作”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)系”；C項(xiàng)意為“工作”；D項(xiàng)意為“形式”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。 5．D　考查動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，所有人都會(huì)出席這個(gè)盛大的活動(dòng)。D項(xiàng)意為“出席，參加”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“連接，聯(lián)合起來(lái)”；B項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)

28、備”；C項(xiàng)意為“落進(jìn)，順便拜訪”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。 6．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一句內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)楦改覆荒軄?lái)觀看演出，所以Patricia在興奮的同時(shí)又有些難過(guò)。B項(xiàng)意為“悲傷，難過(guò)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“幸?！?；C項(xiàng)意為“樂(lè)意”；D項(xiàng)意為“渴望”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。 7．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一段內(nèi)容可知，此處指Patricia的父母親不能在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)當(dāng)她的觀眾。A項(xiàng)意為“觀眾，聽(tīng)眾”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 8．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后面的賓語(yǔ)“the local general store”可知，此處指Patricia的父母在當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)營(yíng)一家雜貨店。D項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)營(yíng)，參加，跑”，符

29、合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 9．B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后面的“for business 24 hours”可知，這個(gè)雜貨店24小時(shí)營(yíng)業(yè)。B項(xiàng)意為“開(kāi)放的，營(yíng)業(yè)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 10．C　考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文可知，她的父母經(jīng)營(yíng)一家24小時(shí)都營(yíng)業(yè)的商店，所以她的父母從不參加社區(qū)活動(dòng)是可以接受的。C項(xiàng)意為“公認(rèn)可接受的，被認(rèn)可的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“辨認(rèn)出”；B項(xiàng)意為“否認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“極好的，難以置信的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。 11．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句“It had been this way with her sister”可知，父母也沒(méi)有參加過(guò)姐姐的活動(dòng)，所以對(duì)她

30、不會(huì)有所不同。A項(xiàng)意為“不同的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“滿意的”；C項(xiàng)意為“個(gè)人的”；D項(xiàng)意為“明智的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。 12．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“Still”和“her parents could be there”可知，雖然如此，Patricia還是忍不住希望她的父母親能來(lái)看她演出。D項(xiàng)意為“希望”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“想，認(rèn)為”；B項(xiàng)意為“談?wù)摗?；C項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)習(xí)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。 13．C　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)上文提到的Patricia希望她的父母能來(lái)看她演出和空格后面的賓語(yǔ)“the subject with her mother”可知，此處指Patric

31、ia決定向母親提出這個(gè)話題。C項(xiàng)意為“提出”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“上交”；B項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷”；D項(xiàng)意為“把……收起來(lái)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。 14．D　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“she had to face the facts”以及下文母親的回答可知，她的母親并不確定能不能參加，所以很遺憾她只能接受這個(gè)事實(shí)。D項(xiàng)意為“不幸地，說(shuō)來(lái)遺憾”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“驚訝地”；B項(xiàng)意為“高興地”；C項(xiàng)意為“明顯地”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。 15．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及后來(lái)母親出現(xiàn)在觀眾席里可知，母親想?yún)⒓优畠旱幕顒?dòng)卻抽不出時(shí)間，她也很痛苦，但五歲的Patricia并不理解這種痛苦。A項(xiàng)意

32、為“痛苦”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“意思”；C項(xiàng)意為“理解”；D項(xiàng)意為“想法”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。 16．B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文提及的24小時(shí)營(yíng)業(yè)商店可知，她的父母親離開(kāi)商店是一件很困難的事情。B項(xiàng)意為“困難的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“可怕的”；C項(xiàng)意為“麻煩的”；D項(xiàng)意為“感激的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。 17．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文母親的回答可知，母親觀看Patricia的演出的可能性不大，所以當(dāng)Patricia看到臺(tái)下的母親時(shí)，那真的是她人生中的驚喜。D項(xiàng)意為“驚喜，意想不到的事”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“打擊”；B項(xiàng)意為“奇跡”；C項(xiàng)意為“人”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。 18．

33、A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，母親的出現(xiàn)對(duì)Patricia來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)很大的驚喜，所以這一幕成為Patricia最珍貴的記憶之一。A項(xiàng)意為“繼續(xù)，依然”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“離開(kāi)”；C項(xiàng)意為“拿走”；D項(xiàng)意為“影響”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選A。 19．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析?！皐e both ________ at that moment”是省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞the pure joy在從句中作空格處所填詞的賓語(yǔ)。句意為Patricia說(shuō)：“沒(méi)有言語(yǔ)能表達(dá)出我們?cè)谀且豢趟w會(huì)到的那種純粹的快樂(lè)?！盉項(xiàng)意為“體會(huì)，感受”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“想要”；C項(xiàng)意為“使得，制造”

34、；D項(xiàng)意為“忘記”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選B。 20．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。通讀全文可知，文章通過(guò) Patricia的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：當(dāng)別人真正需要你時(shí)，要陪伴在他們的身邊。D項(xiàng)意為“需要”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“憎恨”；B項(xiàng)意為“愛(ài)”；C項(xiàng)意為“在乎”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．I hope, first of all, that we shall never lose our heart in face of failure. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉our　lose he

35、art “失去信心”，為固定搭配。 2．She is very weak and not equal to make a long journey. ________________________________________________________ 答案：make→making　be equal to “勝任……”，其中to是介詞。 3．Thousands of people turned to watch yesterdays match against Ireland. ________________________________________________

36、________ 答案：turned后加up　turn up “出現(xiàn)；露面”。 4．The first time when I met him, he was working as a secretary in a big company. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉when　The first time在此處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 5．Only when we had studied the data again we realize that there was a mistake.

37、________________________________________________________ 答案：we前加did　“only＋狀語(yǔ)從句”放句首，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 五、短文改錯(cuò) Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards it may make a difference. I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In a beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to av

38、oid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out that I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging，my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an English club to get more chanc

39、es to speak.Practice made perfect.Now I can talk fluent in English. Just as the saying goes，“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us. 【答案】　 Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards may make a difference. I st

40、ill remember how my spoken English was improved.In beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt ，my teacher and my classmates would help me figur

41、e out how I have avoided them. I also joined an English club to get more chances to speak.Practice perfect.Now I can talk in English. Just as the saying goes，“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us. 第一處：it→them?？疾榇~。根據(jù)

42、語(yǔ)境可知，第二句中“towards”的賓語(yǔ)指代的是第一句的主語(yǔ)“Mistakes”，故用them。 第二處：a→the?？疾楣谠~。根據(jù)前一句“I still remember how my spoken English was improved.”可知，該處特指上文中“提高英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)水平”的開(kāi)始，故用定冠詞。 第三處：make→making?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。avoid doing sth.為固定用法，意為“避免做某事”。 第四處：that→what?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，what既作賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，也作從句中及物動(dòng)詞thought的賓語(yǔ)，而tha

43、t在從句中不能作成分，故將that改為what。 第五處：discouraging→discouraged。考查形容詞。根據(jù)從句主語(yǔ)I可知，該處應(yīng)用discouraged形容人，意為“沮喪的”；discouraging形容事物，意為“令人沮喪的”。 第六處：must→could?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該句使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“過(guò)去本能夠做卻沒(méi)有做”，故用could have done。 第七處：刪除in?？疾楣潭ù钆?。該處指“參加英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部”，參加某個(gè)組織用join，而join in為固定搭配，意為“參加活動(dòng)”，故刪除in。 第八處：made→makes?？疾橹髦^一致和時(shí)

44、態(tài)。句意：熟能生巧。該句為一般真理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；該句主語(yǔ)為Practice，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，故用makes。 第九處：fluent→fluently?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)該句中的動(dòng)詞“talk”可知，此處修飾動(dòng)詞，故用副詞形式。 第十處：afraid前加be?？疾槠硎咕?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為祈使句，afraid為形容詞，故afraid前加動(dòng)詞原形be。 6EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F375