電梯曳引機與控制系統(tǒng)設計【含CAD圖紙】

喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線預覽哦。下載后都有，請放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，【有疑問咨詢QQ:1064457796 或 1304139763】=喜歡這套資料就充值下載吧。資源目錄里展示的都可在線預覽哦。下載后都有，請放心下載，文件全都包含在內(nèi)，【有疑問咨詢QQ:1064457796 或 1304139763】= 徐州工程學院08屆本科畢業(yè)論文6.翻譯：6.1外文資料Plc Introduction Programmable controller is the first in the late 1960s in the United States, then called Plc programmable logic.controller .(ProgrammableLogicController) is used to replace relays. For the implementation of the logical judgement, timing, sequence number, and other control functions. The concept is presented Plc General Motors Corporation. Plc and the basic design is the computer functional improvements, flexible, generic and other advantages and relay control system simple and easy to operate, such as the advantages of cheap prices combined controller hardware is standard and overall. According to the practical application of target software in order to control the content of the user procedures memory controller, the controller and connecting the accused convenient target. In the mid-1970s, the Plc has been widely used as a central processing unit microprocessor, import export module and the external circuits are used, large-scale integrated circuits even when the Plc is no longer the only logical (IC) judgement functions also have data processing, PID conditioning and data communications functions. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards promulgated programmable controller for programmable controller draft made the following definition : programmable controller is a digital electronic computers operating system, specifically for applications in the industrial design environment. It used programmable memory, used to implement logic in their internal storage operations, sequence control, timing, counting and arithmetic operations, such as operating instructions, and through digital and analog input and output, the control of various types of machinery or production processes. Programmable controller and related peripherals, and industrial control systems easily linked to form a whole, to expand its functional design. Programmable controller for the user, is a non-contact equipment, the procedures can be changed to change production processes. The programmable controller has become a powerful tool for factory automation, widely popular replication. Programmable controller is user-oriented industries dedicated control computer, with many distinctive features.First, high reliability, anti-interference capability; Second programming visual, simple; Third, adaptability good; Fourth functional improvements, strong functional interface1. Subject content and application scopeThis national standard specifies the technical requirements and quality requirements for the lift traction machines with rated speed less than 25m/s. This national standard is applicable to traction machines designed for passenger lift, sickbed lift and freight lift. Its inapplicable to the traction machines designed for dumbwaiter lift and all kinds of lifts with rated speed not less than 2.5m/s. The other traction machines designed for all kinds of lifts with rated speed not less than 2.5m/s can make reference from this national standard for enforcement. 2. Normative referencesGB 3768 Determination of sound power levels of noise - Simple methodGB 7025 Major parameter of lift, version and dimension of car, shaft and machine roomGB 7588Safety Rules for the Construction and Installation of LiftsGB 10058Specifications for liftsGB 10085Basic parameters of single enveloping worm gearGB 10089Cylindrical worm, worm wheel accuracyGB 12974 General Technical Specifications for AC Lift MotorGB 11368 Cleanliness of gear assemblyGB 191Packaging - Pictorial markings for handling of goods3.TerminologyRated speed of traction machineIts the linear speed of the pitch diameter of traction wheel, corresponding to the rated speed of car. Rated load of traction machineWhen the traction ratio is 1:1 and the balance coefficient is 0.40, it means the rated load of the car in the tangential traction of the traction wheel.National Standard of the Peoples Republic of ChinaGBT 10058-1997Specifications for LiftsForewordThe national standard is the amendment to the original Specifications for Lifts GB 10058-88, main content of which are as the following: 1) In chapter “ whole performance”, the regulations of classification are canceled, which include acceleration and redarded speed of vertical vibration, acceleration and redarded speed of horizontal vibration, as well as indicators of noise and leveling accuracy.2) For improving operation efficiency of the lifts, the requirements to open time and close time of passenger lifts are added in the national standard.3) In chapter “reliability”, the regulation of classification of reliability indicator is canceled; examining requests to control cabinet which is considered as commodity component are added in the national standard.4) In Appendix A, specific regulations are made to technical documents kept in manufacturer after sale of lifts.The standard will replace GB 10058-88 since the effective date.Appendix A is a standard appendix.The standard is proposed by Ministry of Construction of the Peoples Republic of China.The standard is under the jurisdiction of China Lift Standardization Technical Committee.This standard is drafted by Institute of Construction Mechanization of China Academy of Building Research, Beijing Schindler Elevator Co., Ltd in China, Tianjin Otis Elevator Co., Ltd in China, and Guangzhou Elevator Industry Co., Ltd.The standard is mainly prepared by Kerong Peng, Guozhen Zhang, Xiaohui Xi and Xizhi Yang.The standard was firstly issued in 1988 and firstly revised in 1997. 1 ScopeThe standard formulates technical specifications of passenger lifts and freight lifts, inspection provisions, indication marks, package, transportation and storage.The standard is applicable to power-actuated traction-type or compulsory-type passenger lifts and freight lifts whose rated speed is not higher than 2.5m/s;The standard is inapplicable to hydraulic lifts and dumbwaiter lifts. 2Normative ReferencesThe articles included in the following standards become the articles of the national standard by quotation. The listed editions are efficient while the standard is published. All standards will be revised, so all parties who use the following standards should consider the latest edition as possible.GB 2828-87In-batch Check Counting Sampling Process and Sample Table(suitable for continuous batch)GB 7588-1995Safety Code for Manufacturing and Installation of Lifts (eqv EN 81-1: 1985)In this code, Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Section 7.2.1 (partial), Section 8.17.1, Section 9.1.2b), Section 9.9.6.2 (partial), Section 12.6 (partial), Section 13.1.1.3, Section 15.2.3.2 (partial), Section 16.2a)6) (partial), Appendix C, Appendix E, Appendix G, Appendix M and Appendix ZA are recommendatory; the rest are obligatory. This code is the revised version of GB 7588-1995 Safety Rules for the Construction and Installation of Lifts (equivalent to EN81-1: 1985) on the base of EN81-1: 1998 Safety Rules for the Construction and Installation of Lifts issued by European Committee for Standardization (CEN). This revised version is equivalent to EN81-1:1998 in the fields of technical contents and article numbering. Compared with EN81-1:1985, EN81-1:1998 changed huge parts of contents. The new version increases plenty of new technical contents and new calculation method. Besides a few parts are changed according to the Chinse lift situations, this revised version is basically compliant to the contents of EN81-1:1998. In the revised version, the following major technical contents are changed: 1. GB 7588-1995 version has a concise and definite application scope, so this revised version reserve the application scope of GB 7588-1995. For the purpose of presenting the definiteness, the revised version adds sickbed lift, deletes the application scope of EN81 1:1998. 2. This revised version makes the following changes from the quoted terms and conditions of EN81-1:1998. (1) If the international standards or overseas advanced standards listed in Quoted Codes of EN81-1:1998 have already equivalently adopted as Chinese national standards (GB) or industry standard, then this quoted terms and conditions are directly named as the corresponding Chinese code number. (2) The code name that is not included in the Quoted Codes and make no mention in EN81-1:1998 has some content involved in the Chinese code, so it is also listed in the Quoted Codes of this code. For instance, in Clause :16.2a)6), the original text use CENELEC symbols is listed in Chinese national standard GB/T 4728, Graphical Symbols for Electrical Diagrams. And Clause 9.1.2c) is listed in the Chinese national standard GB 8903, Wire Ropes for Lifts. (3) The foreign code name listed in EN81-1:1998 but not inverted into Chinese national standards, we directly refer the foreign code name. For instance, ENl2015 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Lifts, Escalators and Passenger Conveyors - Emission, EN12016 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Lifts, Escalators and Passenger Conveyors Immunity. 3. In order to coordinate with other Chinese lift standards, the nomenclatures that are the same as those listed in the Terminology of Lifts, Escalators and Moving Walks of EN81-1:1998 and GB/T 7024 are not included any more, and only exclusive nomenclatures are reserved. In addition, overhaul trapdoor and shaft emergency door are added. 4. According to the national situation of China, partial contents of EN81-1:1998 have been amended or adjusted. (1) Added: for instance, Clause 5.1.2 adds excluding sightseeing lifts; and Clause 7.1 and Clause 8.6.3 add this interstice shall not be greater than 8mm for freight lifts; Clause 5.6.1 adds in exceptional cases, in order to meet the position requirement to install lift parts in the foundation pit, the interstice shall be as small as possible. (2) Deleted: for instance, Clause 9.8.2.1 deletes instant-type safety tong with buffer function and other relevant contents; Clause 10.3.4 deletes energy-storage buffer with buffering restoration and other relevant contents. (3) Adjusted contents: Clause 8.2.1 and 8.2.2 adjusts the available car area; Clause 9.8.2.1 adjusts the velocity interval of instant-type and inching-type safety tong; D2j) of Appendix D adjusts rated speed into overhaul speed; F5.3.1 adjusts the testing contents of energy-storage buffer with buffering function into the testing method of linear energy-storage buffer. The safety criterions stated in this code and all the requirements of the appendices offer a uniform technical base and safety requirements for constructing, installing and examining the passenger lifts and freight lifts. Pre-delivery inspection, periodic inspection as well as momentous retrofit or post-accident inspection shall not exceed the scope of this code. Appendix A, B, C, D, F, H, J, K, L and N are standard appendixes; Appendix C, E, G, M, ZA are suggestive appendices. This code takes effects from January 1, 2004 and substitute GB 7588-1995 in the meanwhile. From the execution date, the transition period of this code is 1 year; upon expiration of transition, GB 7588-1995 is to repeal.This code is brought forwards by China Machinery Industry Federation. This code is governed by China Elevator Standardization Technical Committee. This code is drafted by the Institute of Building Mechanization of China Academy of Building Research. Drafting organization members: China Schindler Elevators Co., Ltd., Tianjin OTIS Elevators Co., Ltd., Shanghai Mitsubishi Elevators Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Hitachi Elevators Co., Ltd., Suzhou Schindler Elevators Co., Ltd., Shenyang Toshiba Elevators Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Xizi OTIS Elevators Co., Ltd., Kone Elevators Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Guangri Elevator Industry Co., Ltd., ThyssenKrupp Elevator Co., Ltd., Shanghai Toshiba Elevator Co., Ltd., Shanghai Yungtay Engineering Co., Ltd. , Guangzhou OTIS Elevators Co., Ltd., Huasheng Fujitec Elevator Co., Ltd., Suzhou Suzhou Jiangnan Elevator (Group) Co., Ltd. Main drafters: Gu Xi, Kong Hong, Zhang Guangjian, Wan Zhongpei, Ye Danyang, Zhu Jian, Xu Wengang, Jin Laisheng, Ma Lingyun, Huang Qijun, Yang Xizhi, Yan Jianzhong, Wang Weifeng, Lin Manqing, Chen Luya6.2譯文PLC簡介 可編程控制器是60年代末在美國首先出現(xiàn)的，當時叫可編程邏輯控制器PLC（ProgrammableLogicController），目的是用來取代繼電器。以執(zhí)行邏輯判斷、計時、計數(shù)等順序控制功能。提出PLC概念的是美國通用汽車公司。PLC的基本設計思想是把計算機功能完善、靈活、通用等優(yōu)點和繼電器控制系統(tǒng)的簡單易懂、操作方便、價格便宜等優(yōu)點結合起來，控制器的硬件是標準的、通用的。根據(jù)實際應用對象，將控制內(nèi)容編成軟件寫入控制器的用戶程序存儲器內(nèi),使控制器和被控對象連接方便。 70年代中期以后，PLC已廣泛地使用微處理器作為中央處理器，輸入輸出模塊和外圍電路也都采用了中、大規(guī)模甚至超大規(guī)模的集成電路，這時的PLC已不再是僅有邏輯(Logic)判斷功能，還同時具有數(shù)據(jù)處理、PID調(diào)節(jié)和數(shù)據(jù)通信功能。國際電工委員會(IEC)頒布的可編程控制器標準草案中對可編程控制器作了如下的定義：可編程控制器是一種數(shù)字運算操作的電子系統(tǒng)，專為在工業(yè)環(huán)境下應用而設計。它采用了可編程序的存儲器，用來在其內(nèi)部存儲執(zhí)行邏輯運算，順序控制、定時、計數(shù)和算術運算等操作的指令，并通過數(shù)字式和模擬式的輸入和輸出，控制各種類型的機械或生產(chǎn)過程。可編程控制器及其有關外圍設備，易于與工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)聯(lián)成一個整體，易于擴充其功能的設計。 可編程控制器對用戶來說，是一種無觸點設備，改變程序即可改變生產(chǎn)工藝。目前，可編程控制器已成為工廠自動化的強有力工具，得到了廣泛的普及推廣應用。 可編程控制器是面向用戶的專用工業(yè)控制計算機，具有許多明顯的特點。 可靠性高，抗干擾能力強； 編程直觀、簡單； 適應性好； 功能完善，接口功能強。 1 主題內(nèi)容與適用范圍本標準規(guī)定了額定速度小于25 m/s的電梯曳引機技術要求和質(zhì)量要求。本標準適用于乘客電梯、病床電梯、載貨電梯用曳引機。不適用于雜物電梯和額定速度不小于2. 5 m/s的各類電梯用的曳引機。額定速度小于2. 5 m/s的各類電梯用的其他曳引機可參照執(zhí)行。2 引用標準GB 3768 噪聲源聲功率的測定簡易法GB 7025 電梯主參數(shù)及轎廂、井道、機房的型式與尺寸GB 7588 電梯制造與安裝安全規(guī)范GB 10058 電梯技術條件GB 10085 圓柱蝸桿傳動基本參數(shù)GB 10089 圓柱蝸桿、蝸輪精度GB 12974 交流電梯電動機通用技術條件GB 11368 齒輪傳動裝置清潔度GB 191 包裝儲運圖示標志3 術語曳引機額定速度 rated speed of traction machine對應于轎廂額定速度的曳引輪節(jié)徑上的線速度。曳引機額定載重量 rated load of traction machine當曳引比為1:1、平衡系數(shù)為0.40時，曳引輪切向曳引的轎廂額定載重量。電梯技術條件GBT 10058-1997國家技術監(jiān)督局1997-12-26批準 1998-10-01實施1 范圍 本標準規(guī)定了乘客電梯及載貨電梯的技術要求、檢驗規(guī)則、標志、包裝、運輸與貯存等。 本標準適用于額定速度不大于25ms的電力驅(qū)動的曳引式或強制式的乘客電梯和載貨電梯。 本標準不適用于液壓電梯和雜物電梯。2 引用標準 下列標準所包含的條文，通過在本標準中引用而構成為本標準的條文。本標準出版時，所示版本均為有效。所有標準都會被修訂，使用本標準的各方應探討使用下列標準最新版本的可能性。 GB 282887 逐批檢查計數(shù)抽樣程序及抽樣表(適用于連續(xù)批的檢查) GB 75881995 電梯制造與安裝安全規(guī)范 (eqv EN 811：1985) GB 890388 電梯用鋼絲繩 (eqv ISO 4344：1983) GBT 100591997 電梯試驗方法 GB 1006093 電梯安裝驗收規(guī)范 GBT 1343592 電梯曳引機 JGT 50721一1996 電梯T型導軌 (eqv ISO 7465：1983)3 技術要求31 基本要求311 電梯及其所有零部件應設計正確、結構合理、遵守機械、電氣及建筑方面的通用技術要求。312 制造電梯的材料應具有足夠的強度和合適的性能。313 電梯整機和零部件應具有良好的維修和保養(yǎng)，處于正常的工作狀態(tài)。314 需要潤滑的零部件應裝有符合要求的潤滑裝置；32 電梯工作條件 a)海拔高度不超過1 000m； b)機房內(nèi)的空氣溫度應保持在540之間； c)運行地點的最濕月月平均最高相對濕度為90，同時該月月平均最低溫度不高于25； d)供電電壓相對于額定電壓的波動應在土7的范圍內(nèi)； e)環(huán)境空氣中不應含有腐蝕性和易燃性氣體及導電塵埃存在。33 整機性能331 當電源為額定頻率和額定電壓、電梯轎廂在50額定載重量時，向下運行至行程中段(除去加速和減速段)時的速度，不得大于額定速度的105，且不得小于額定速度的92。332 乘客電梯起動加速度和制動減速度最大值均不應大于15ms2。333 當乘客電梯額定速度(v)為10msv20ms時，其平均加、減速度不應小于048ms2；當乘客電梯額定速度為20msv25ms時，其平均加、減速度不應小于065ms2。334 乘客電梯的中分自動門和旁開自動門的開關門時間不應超過表1的規(guī)定。本標準的第1、2、3、4章以及7.2.1(部分內(nèi)容)、8.17.1、9.1.2b)、9.9.6.2(部分內(nèi)容)、12.6(部分內(nèi)容)、13.1.1.3、15.2.3.2(部分內(nèi)容)，16.2a)6)(部分內(nèi)容)、附錄C、附錄E、附錄G、附錄M及附錄ZA為推薦性的，其余為強制性的。本標準是根據(jù)歐洲標準化委員會(CEN)的標準EN811電梯制造與安裝安全規(guī)范1998年版，對GB 75881995電梯制造與安裝安全規(guī)范(等效采用EN811:1985)進行修訂的。經(jīng)本次修訂后的GB 75882003在技術內(nèi)容上與EN811:1998等效，條文編號與之一致。歐洲標準EN811:1998與EN811:1985相比，內(nèi)容有較大變動。增加了許多新的技術內(nèi)容和計算方法。本次對GB 7588的修訂除少部分內(nèi)容根據(jù)我國電梯行業(yè)情況有所變更外，基本上接受了EN811:1998的內(nèi)容。在本次修訂中，主要技術內(nèi)容變更如下:1.GB 75881995適用范圍簡潔明確，因此仍保留GB 75881995適用范圍，為了明確起見，加上“病床電梯”，刪去EN811:1998的使用范圍。2.本次修訂對EN811:1998所引用的標準做了以下轉(zhuǎn)化:(1)屬于EN811:1998“引用標準”一章中列入的國際標準或國外先進國家標準已被我國等效采用后成為我國國家標準或行業(yè)標準的，則直接引用相應的我國標準號。(2)屬于EN81l:1998“引用標準”一章中沒有列入的，在EN811:1998中也未提及標準代號，但其內(nèi)容上涉及我國應實施的有關標準的，則也列入“引用標準”。如:16.2a)6)中原文為“使用CENELEC符號”，列入對應的我國標準GB/T 4728電氣圖用圖形符號。又如：對于9.1.2 c)的要求，列入對應的我國標準GB 8903電梯用鋼絲繩。(3)屬于EN811:1998“引用標準”一章中已列入的，但我國尚未轉(zhuǎn)化的國外先進標準，我們直接引用國外標準號，如:ENl2015電磁兼容性用于電梯、自動扶梯和自動人行道的系列標準輻射，EN12016電磁兼容性用于電梯、自動扶梯和自動人行道的系列標準 抗干擾性。3.為了與我國其他電梯標準協(xié)調(diào)，EN811:1998中與GB/T 7024電梯、自動扶梯和自動人行道術語相同的術語不再列入，僅保留專用術語，并增加了“檢修活板門”及“井道安全門”等。4.根據(jù)我國國情，對EN811:1998的部分內(nèi)容進行了修改或調(diào)整。(1)增加的內(nèi)容：如在5.1.2中增加“觀光電梯可除外”；在7.1及8.6.3中增加了“對于載貨電梯，此間隙不得大于8mm”；在5.6.1中增加“特殊情況，為了滿足底坑安裝的電梯部件的位置要求，允許在該隔障上開盡量小的缺口”。(2)刪去的內(nèi)容： 如刪去9.8.2.1中“具有緩沖作用的瞬時式安全鉗”及其他條文中相關內(nèi)容；刪去10.3.4中“具有緩沖復位的蓄能型緩沖器”及其他條文中相關內(nèi)容。(3)調(diào)整的內(nèi)容：如對8.2.1、8.2.2轎廂有效面積的規(guī)定進行了調(diào)整；對9.8.2.1中轎廂采用的瞬時式和漸進式安全鉗的速度范圍作了調(diào)整； 在附錄D的D2j)中， 將： “額定速度”調(diào)整為“檢修速度； 將F5.3.1“具有緩沖作用的蓄能型緩沖器”的試驗方法內(nèi)容調(diào)整為“線性蓄能型緩沖器”試驗方法。本標準規(guī)定的各項安全準則以及附錄內(nèi)所有的要求，為乘客電梯、載貨電梯的制造、安裝與檢驗提供了全國統(tǒng)一的技術依據(jù)和安全要求，對于電梯交付使用前的檢驗、定期檢驗以及重大改裝或事故后的檢驗的內(nèi)容不應超出本標準的范圍。本標準的附錄A、B、D、F、H、J、K、L、N均為標準的附錄，附錄C、E、G、M、ZA為提示的附錄。本標準從2004年1月1日起實施，與此同時代替GB 75881995。本標準自實施之日起，過渡期為1年，過渡期滿后，GB 75881995同時廢止。本標準由中國機械工業(yè)聯(lián)合會提出。本標準由全國電梯標準化技術委員會歸口。本標準負責起草單位：中國建筑科學研究院建筑機械化研究分院。本標準參加起草單位：中國迅達電梯有限公司、中國天津奧的斯電梯有限公司、上海三菱電梯有限公司、廣州日立電梯有限公司、蘇州迅達電梯有限公司、沈陽東芝電梯有限公司、杭州西子奧的斯電梯有限公司、通力電梯有限公司、廣州廣日電梯工業(yè)有限公司、蒂森電梯有限公司、上海東芝電梯有限公司、上海永大機電工業(yè)有限公司、廣州奧的斯電梯有限公司、華升富士達電梯有限公司、蘇州江南電梯(集團)有限公司。本標準主要起草人：顧鑫、康紅、張廣健、萬忠培、葉丹陽、朱健、徐文剛、金來生、馬凌云、黃啟俊、楊錫芝，嚴建忠、王偉峰、林曼青、陳路陽、魏山虎。本標準首次發(fā)布于1987年，第一次修訂于1995年，第二次修訂于2003年。11