自動立體車庫結構設計[2層5車位]-升降橫移-載車板【含13張圖紙】

喜歡就充值下載吧。。。資源目錄里展示的全都有，，下載后全都有,,請放心下載，【QQ：1304139763 可咨詢交流】===================== 喜歡就充值下載吧。。。資源目錄里展示的全都有，，下載后全都有,,請放心下載，【QQ：1304139763 可咨詢交流】===================== 喜歡就充值下載吧。。。資源目錄里展示的全都有，，下載后全都有,,請放心下載，【QQ：1304139763 可咨詢交流】=====================

題目： 自動立體車庫結構設計 信 機 系 機 械 工 程 及 自 動 化 專 業(yè) 學 號： 0923160 學生姓名： 秦 棟 指導教師： 黃敏 （職稱： 副教授 ） （職稱： ） 2013 年 5 月 25 日 無錫太湖學院本科畢業(yè)設計（論文） 誠 信 承 諾 書 本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)設計（論文） 自動立體車 庫結構設計 是本人在導師的指導下獨立進行研究所取得的成 果，其內容除了在畢業(yè)設計（論文）中特別加以標注引用，表 示致謝的內容外，本畢業(yè)設計（論文）不包含任何其他個人、 集體已發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。 班 級： 機械 94 學 號： 0923160 作者姓名： 2013 年 5 月 25 日 無 錫 太 湖 學 院 信 機 系 機 械 工 程 及 自 動 化 專 業(yè) 畢 業(yè) 設 計 論 文 任 務 書 一、題目及專題： 1、題目 自動立體車庫結構設計 2、專題 二、課題來源及選題依據(jù) 近年來隨著我國城市經(jīng)濟的和汽車數(shù)量的增加，伴隨而來的是 城市停車狀況的尷尬場面，停車環(huán)境與城市發(fā)展的矛盾十分突出。 停車問題是城市發(fā)展過程中必然發(fā)生的問題。立體車庫通過提高單 位空間的利用率，增加了停車場單位面積內的車位密度，這樣使得 城市內有限的停車面積上可提供的更多的停車位。因此，自動化立 體車庫成為了解決城市停車難問題最有效的手段之一。 現(xiàn)在我國正在大力發(fā)展立體車庫，這將是未來的熱門產(chǎn)業(yè)，所 以要對車庫結構和控制系統(tǒng)進行深入研究。 三、本設計（論文或其他）應達到的要求： 了解自動立體車庫的工作原理，國內外的研究發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀； 完成自動立體車庫的總體方案設計； 完成有關零部件的選型計算、結構強度校核及液壓系統(tǒng)設計； 熟練掌握有關計算機繪圖軟件，并繪制裝配圖和零件圖紙； I 完成設計說明書的撰寫，并翻譯外文資料 1 篇。 四、接受任務學生： 機械 94 班 姓名 秦 棟 五、開始及完成日期： 自 2012 年 11 月 12 日 至 2013 年 5 月 25 日 六、設計（論文）指導（或顧問）： 指導教師簽名 簽名 簽名 教 研 室 主 任 學科組組長研究所 所長簽名 系主任 簽名 2012 年 11 月 12 日 摘 要 隨著我國國民經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，越來越的汽車進入家庭，使得我國城市停車難問題 日益加劇。立體車庫成為目前解決停車難問題的重要方式之一，其中以升降橫移式立體 車庫應用最為廣泛。 本次設計的主要內容是自動立體車庫的結構設計。而自動立體車庫按結構可分為升 降橫移類、垂直循環(huán)類、水平循環(huán)類、平面移動類、巷道堆垛類、垂直升降類、簡易升 降類等。本文主要對兩層式升降橫移自動立體車庫進行詳細的結構設計和對關鍵部位受 力分析并校核。 四柱結構型式鋼結構車庫由于其結構較為簡單有較大使用范圍，本文對其進行詳細 設計。文中主要對自動立體車庫的橫梁，縱梁，支撐柱以及載車板進行詳細的受力分析 和校核。另外，本文中的自動立體車庫采用了液壓系統(tǒng)進行傳動，區(qū)別與采用電動機驅 動的自動車庫。由于液壓傳動的優(yōu)點，車庫在升降或是橫移過程中會更加穩(wěn)定，減少了 運動中所產(chǎn)生的噪音，使其適用于更多場合。在車庫的設計中還介紹了車庫運行中重要 的安全防護裝置。 除此之外，還繪制了總裝圖、零件圖。 關鍵詞：自動立體車庫；結構設計；液壓 I Abstract With the development of the national economy in our country, more and more cars are entering the common families. Stereo garage becomes the first choice for solving the problems of hard parking. Especially, lift-sliding type stereo garage is the most widely used The main content of this design is the design of automatic stereo garage, the stereo garage is including lift-sliding type, vertical circulation type, level of circulation, plane mobile, laneway type, vertical lifting, simple movements and etc. The main contents of this paper is about the design structure of two layers of lifting and transferring automatic stereo garage and the force analysis and check by the key parts of stereo garage. Four-column type steel structure garage has a large range of use because of its simple structure. The main content of this paper is the force analysis and check by the beams, stringers, support columns and car carrying boards. In addition, automatic stereo garage use hydraulic system for driving, it has difference between using the motor-driven automatic garage. Because of the advantages of hydraulic transmission, the garage will be more stable in process. This makes it suitable for more occasions. The design of the garage is also introduced the safety protection device in the running of garage. In addition, the paper includes drawn up the assembly diagram, parts diagram. Keywords: automatic stereo garage; structure design; hydraulic 目 錄 摘 要 ...........................................................................................................................................III ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................IV 目 錄 ............................................................................................................................................V 1 緒論 .............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 本課題研究的內容及意義 ...................................................................................................1 1.2 國內外的發(fā)展概況 ................................................................................................................2 1.3 本章小結 ................................................................................................................................4 2 自動立體車庫的總體設計方案 .................................................................................................5 2.1 升降橫移自動立體車庫選型 ...............................................................................................5 2.2 自動立體車庫提升方式的選擇 ...........................................................................................6 2.3 自動立體車庫的其他部件 ...................................................................................................6 2.4 自動立體車庫的設計參數(shù) ...................................................................................................7 2.5 自動立體車庫結構設計的內容及要求 ...............................................................................7 2.6 本章小結 ...............................................................................................................................7 3 自動立體車庫主體框架設計 .....................................................................................................8 3.1 立體車庫的工作原理 ............................................................................................................8 3.2 自動立體車庫鋼結構設計 ....................................................................................................8 3.2.1 支撐柱設計 ....................................................................................................................9 3.2.2 橫梁受力分析 ..............................................................................................................12 3.2.3 縱梁受力分析 ..............................................................................................................13 3.3 載車板受力分析校核 .........................................................................................................15 3.4 本章小結 ..............................................................................................................................16 4 自動立體車庫的傳動系統(tǒng) .......................................................................................................17 4.1 上層載車板提升裝置設計 .................................................................................................17 4.1.1 升降傳動系統(tǒng)設計 ......................................................................................................17 4.1.2 升降液壓系統(tǒng)設計 ......................................................................................................19 4.1.3 升降液壓系統(tǒng)鏈輪設計 ..............................................................................................20 4.1.4 升降液壓系統(tǒng)傳動軸設計 ..........................................................................................21 4.2 橫移液壓系統(tǒng)設計 .............................................................................................................22 4.3 本章小結 ..............................................................................................................................24 5 車庫的配套系統(tǒng) .......................................................................................................................25 5.1 安全系統(tǒng) .............................................................................................................................25 5.2 立體車庫 的控制系統(tǒng) .........................................................................................................26 5.3 本章小結 .............................................................................................................................28 6 結論與展望 ...............................................................................................................................29 6.1 結論 ......................................................................................................................................29 6.2 不足之處及未來展望 ..........................................................................................................29 I 致 謝 ...........................................................................................................................................30 參考文獻 .......................................................................................................................................31 附 錄 ...........................................................................................................................................32 0 1 緒論 1.1 本課題研究的內容及意義 本課題研究的內容是：自動立體車庫的結構設計，包括自動立體車庫的總體方案設 計，有關零件部件的選型計算，結構強度校核及液壓系統(tǒng)設計，并繪制出裝配圖和零件 圖紙。 本課題研究的意義是：自動立體車庫是我國的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。隨 著我國經(jīng)濟快速的發(fā)展，城市交通擁堵和停車難的問題成了影響城市發(fā)展的重要因素之 一，傳統(tǒng)的車庫己經(jīng)不能適應城市發(fā)展的要求，再加上我國汽車保有量的不斷增加，自 動立體車庫成為解決這一問題的必然途徑 1。機械式立體車庫具有空間利用率高，節(jié)省城 市有限的土地資源；具有建造成本較低、建造周期較短；車輛停放入車庫快速便捷、自 動車庫更加安全，還具有節(jié)約能源等優(yōu)點。同時自動立體車庫還可以在有限的土地上停 放更多的車輛，便于集中管理，減少管理費用和人員等的優(yōu)勢，在各個小區(qū)或空地都可 以根據(jù)當?shù)氐膶嶋H情況進行立體車庫的建設，可大大緩解這些地方停車難的問題，這對 現(xiàn)在車庫緊張的小區(qū)和其他人員較多的公共場所提供了很好的解決方法。因此，機械式 立體車庫具有廣闊的應用前景。 而自動立體車庫的結構設計是車庫建設及運行的重要環(huán)節(jié)，其設計水平與質量直接 影響到用戶的安全和建造成本。合理的結構設計可最大限度的利用有限的土地空間，緩 解城市中停車難的問題。而目前我國自動立體車庫加工生產(chǎn)廠家沒有統(tǒng)一的標準：大多 數(shù)自動立體車庫行業(yè)的生產(chǎn)廠家大多以國外現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品或技術為基礎進行制造，對產(chǎn)品創(chuàng) 新開發(fā)能力差，沒有自己的知識產(chǎn)權；我國對立體車庫的新技術引入研究較少，而對立 體車庫的主體結構框架鋼研究和優(yōu)化才剛剛起步，不能形成較大的生產(chǎn)加工規(guī)模。機械 式自動立體車庫種類較多，按照現(xiàn)在立體車庫的發(fā)展，可將它分為巷道堆垛式立體車庫， 垂直升降式立體車庫，垂直循環(huán)式立體車庫，圓形水平循環(huán)式立體車庫等。 根據(jù)運行方式和結構特點可分為：升降橫移式立體車庫，水平循環(huán)式立體車庫，垂 直循環(huán)式立體車庫，多層循環(huán)式立體車庫，堆垛式立體車庫，平面移動式立體車庫，垂 直升降式立體車庫，簡易升降式立體車庫等八大類 2。 1、升降橫移式立體車庫：整機特點，可有效利用空間，提高空間利用率達數(shù)倍。存 取車快捷便利，其結構使用跨梁結構設計，使車輛出入無障礙。采用PLC控制，自動化程 度高，人機界面好，多種操作方式可選配，操作簡便，同時環(huán)保節(jié)能，低噪音。但下層 車庫必須有一空位用于車庫升降。 2、垂直循環(huán)式立體車庫：車庫采取垂直方向做循環(huán)運動進行對車輛存取的方式的立 體車庫。垂直循環(huán)式立體車庫調車時間短，取車快速，占地面積小，可設置在地面上或 半地上半地下，可獨立或附設在建筑物內，還可多臺組合。 3、水平循環(huán)式立體車庫：采用水平循環(huán)運動來存取車輛的機械式立體車庫。水平循 環(huán)式立體車庫可以省去進出車道，充分利用狹長地形的地方建車庫，降低通風裝置的費 用，若多層重疊可為大型停車場，但車庫只有一個出入El，存取車時間較長，實用性差。 4、簡易升降式立體車庫：其結構大多為一個車位泊兩臺車，構造簡單實用，無需特 殊地面基礎要求。適合裝置于工廠、別墅、住宅停車場 。 1 5、多層循環(huán)式立體車庫：其工作原理是使載車板作上下循環(huán)運動來進行車輛的調取 工作。 6、堆垛式立體車庫：通過升降機、行走臺車及橫移裝置輸送載車板實現(xiàn)存取車操作， 整個過程全自動完成，可設置于地上或地下，充分利用有效空間。載車板的升降和行走 同時運行，存取車方便快捷。全封閉式管理，安全可靠，保障人、車安全 3。 從機械式自動立體車庫的類型上看，應用較多的是升降橫移式立體車庫，占自動車 庫總量的絕大部分，其所占比例隨著機械式立體車庫的發(fā)展還會繼續(xù)上升 4。所以本文詳 細對升降橫移式自動立體車庫結構設計進行研究。 1.2 國內外的發(fā)展概況 機械式立體車庫經(jīng)過幾十年的發(fā)展，已由初期的半自動化控制方式發(fā)展到全自動化 的控制方式；機械結構也發(fā)展到了模塊化設計，便于組合、拆卸；使用材料和工藝也都 有了突飛猛進的發(fā)展 5。如今，立體車庫在西歐、東南亞、韓國、日本都得到了廣泛的應 用，形成了一個包括制造、安裝、使用和維修的行業(yè) 6。 編號 無錫太湖學院 畢業(yè)設計（論文） 相關資料 題目： 自動立體車庫結構設計 信機 系 機械工程及自動化專業(yè) 學 號： 　　　 0923160　　　　 學生姓名： 秦　 棟 指導教師： 　 黃敏 （職稱： 副教授 ） （職稱： ） 2013年5月25日 目 錄 一、畢業(yè)設計（論文）開題報告 二、畢業(yè)設計（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文 三、學生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計劃、進度、檢查及落實表” 四、實習鑒定表 無錫太湖學院 畢業(yè)設計（論文） 開題報告 題目： 自動立體車庫結構設計 信機 系 機械工程及自動化 專業(yè) 學 號： 0923160 學生姓名： 秦 棟 指導教師：黃 敏 （職稱： 副教授 ） （職稱： ） 2012年11月25日 課題來源 自擬。 科學依據(jù)（包括課題的科學意義；國內外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢；應用前景等） （1） 課題科學意義 隨著我國經(jīng)濟快速的發(fā)展，城市交通擁堵和停車難的問題成了影響城市發(fā)展的重要因素之一，傳統(tǒng)的車庫己經(jīng)不能適應城市發(fā)展的要求，再加上我國汽車保有量的不斷增加，自動立體車庫成為解決這一問題的必然途徑。 而自動立體車庫的結構設計是車庫建設及運行的重要環(huán)節(jié)，其設計水平與質量直接影響到用戶的安全和建造成本。合理的結構設計可最大限度的利用有限的土地空間，緩解城市中停車難的問題。 （2） 自動立體車庫的研究狀況及其發(fā)展前景 國外的機械式立體車庫發(fā)源于上世紀20年代的美國，50年代以后，伴隨著小汽車的大量增加，在西歐、東南亞、韓國和日本立體車庫也得到了廣泛的應用，并形成了一個包括制造、安裝、使用和維修的行業(yè)完整體系。這些國家和公司從上世紀六十年代初就開發(fā)并使用可最大限度地利用空間的機械式停車設備，經(jīng)過幾十年的不斷發(fā)展，自動立體車庫從結構、控制、驅動、監(jiān)測等方面不斷地更新?lián)Q代，日趨完善。而自動立體車庫的外形也發(fā)生了較大的變化，使原來生硬機械鋼架子的立體車庫變成了一道獨特的城市景觀。 我國從二十世紀八十年代開始使用機械式停車設備，到如今經(jīng)過近30年的發(fā)展歷史，尤其是2000年以后得到了高速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在我國的自動立體車庫行業(yè)正處于快速發(fā)展階段并很快進入穩(wěn)定發(fā)展階段，未來市場巨大。尤其在，我國的大中型城市中，自動立體車庫需要巨大。但用戶對產(chǎn)品的要求有兩點，第一點是降低產(chǎn)品的價格，第二點是提高產(chǎn)品技術和性能。隨著我國經(jīng)濟持續(xù)快速發(fā)展，城市規(guī)劃不斷完善，自動立體車庫將使一個充滿生機的朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)，它的技術將得到長遠發(fā)展。 研究內容 ① 了解自動立體車庫的工作原理，國內外的研究發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀； ② 完成自動立體車庫的總體方案設計； ③ 完成有關零部件的選型計算、結構強度校核及液壓系統(tǒng)設計； ④ 熟練掌握有關計算機繪圖軟件，并繪制裝配圖和零件圖紙； ⑤ 完成設計說明書的撰寫，并翻譯外文資料1篇。 擬采取的研究方法、技術路線、實驗方案及可行性分析 根據(jù)車輛形狀及大小和車庫所在場所設計出車庫的初步結構設計方案。然后對每個關鍵部件進行校核并進行修改，完成車庫的總體結構設計方案，并根據(jù)實際情況選擇液壓系統(tǒng)并設計液壓管路和傳動系統(tǒng)，最后繪制完成修改零件和關鍵結構部件圖。 研究計劃及預期成果 研究計劃： 2012年11月12日-2013年1月20日：按照任務書要求查閱論文相關參考資料，填寫畢業(yè)設計開題報告書。 2013年1月21日-2013年3月15日：填寫畢業(yè)實習報告,學習并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設計相關的英文材料。 2013年3月16日-2013年3月22日：立體車庫結構初步設計。 2013年3月23日-2013年4月20日：繪制裝配圖校核后并進行修改。 2013年4月21日-2013年5月 3 日：繪制相關零件圖。 2013年5月 4 日-2013年5月10日：畢業(yè)論文撰寫。 2013年5月 6日-2013年 5月20日：畢業(yè)論文修改工作。 預期成果： 完成車庫主體結構設計，關鍵部件校核，傳動部件及液壓系統(tǒng)的設計。 特色或創(chuàng)新之處 ① 自動立體車庫結構較為緊湊，可有效利用空間。 ② 適用于小規(guī)模車庫和地下車庫改造且費用較低。 已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題 ① 現(xiàn)已有大規(guī)模立體車庫的結構設計的資料。 ② 要將車庫小型化，完善結構設計并加入液壓傳動系統(tǒng)。 指導教師意見 指導教師簽名： 年 月 日 教研室（學科組、研究所）意見 教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日 系意見 主管領導簽名： 年 月 日 英文原文 THE 6 LAYERS STEREO GARAGE DESIGN BASED ON OMRON PLC Zhuoran Zhang Department of Electrical & Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan, China E-mail: Harry zzr@126.com Zhe Mao, Hailing Wan Department of Electrical & Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan, China E-mail:maozhe998@ sina.com Abstract—with the development of the modern society, the number of the vehicles in these cities has been increasing with an exponential speed; especially the private cars, putting a great pressure on urban transportation and parking slot. This article is mainly concerned about the entire structure, running procedure and electrical system design including hardware and program design ideas for lifting-traversing stereo garage, which will not only shorten the developing period but also orient parking to centralization and automation direction; Owning some reference value. Keywords- Stereo Garage, Omron PLC, Design Insufficient parking slots is resulted from the development of the cities, economy and transportation of the cities, the traditional garages are always making the use of the nature vacancy, in a community, the ratio between parking slots and residents is approximately 1:1, one parking slot for a family at least, in order to solve the contradiction that the parking slots using precious commercial land, the stereo mechanical garages with the advantage of the average parking slot takes of less area have been gradually in front of us. Compared with the traditional underground parking garage, the stereo garages have more advantages. First of all, the stereo garages can save more area. The traditional ways must be amassed driving path for vehicles, averagely, a car will take up 40m2 If we take multi-layers garage (6 layers) in to consideration, it is possible for 13 cars to park in the area of 50m2, which will save lots of land resources and land construction expenditure. Meanwhile, the stereo garage could guarantee the safety of the people and their cars. If there is anybody in the garage or the cars are not fully stopped, the system controlled by electrical equipment will not run either. It means that, in the scale of the management, the mechanical garage could separate the people and vehicles, which makes it more systematically. Especially for underground garages, install this kind of garage will save a large area of illumination system, so it is also emerge conservation and environment protection. Ⅰ.THE CLASSIFICATION AND IMPLEMENT BACKDROP OF THE STEREO GARAGE A.THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE STEREO GARAGE According to the present development of the stereo garage, the stereo garage is including lifting-traversing, roadway stacking, vertical lifting, vertical circulating, circle level circulation; The concept of the stereo garage is all from automatic logistic material transmitting system. [3]The purpose of the stereo garage is to solve the parking problem in developed cities, that is make use of limited area to park more vehicles so as to save land resources of the cities and manage the static transportation of the urban. This article gives out a way to design lifting-traversing stereo garage based on Omron PLC CP1H, which could extend to solve relevant projects. B. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO LIFTING-TRAVERSING STEREO GARAGE. The modularization concept is imported in lifting-traversing stereo garage. It can be designed into two to five layers or half underground type, the number of the slot is from tens to hundreds. This kind of garage is suitable for both above ground and underground, the characteristics could be generalized as less occupation of land, simple structure, flexible configuration, lower cost in construction, decoration and fire protection and short period of construction; Safe and convenient for saving and taking cars; Smoothly operation, lower noise during running. [4] It is also appropriate for commercial, bureau and residential use. The safety equipment mainly is photoelectrical sensors, limiting displacement protector and emergency switch. C. THE ENTIRE FRAME OF THE SYSTEM As the fig. l representing, besides the central controller PLC, the stereo garage system could be divided into three sections: I. Mechanical System; It includes column, beam, carrying board, vehicle frame, hooks and etc. II. Electrical System; this section is the core of this article, which controls the whole system to operate. III. Touching Panel; it is the port from which operators and the system exchanging messages, operators could not only operate the system, but also in the situation of the malfunction, it could let operator enter the manual or debugging mode. Figure 1. The structure of the system Figure 2. Touch Screen (Auto running and Manual) ? THE MAIN HARDWARE OF THE SYSTEM We mainly use the Omron PLC CPH1, on considering the control requirement and the cost, we adopting CP1HX40DR-A PLC, the programming ways are ladder diagram or ST instruction list. The instruction length is 1 to 7 steps per instruction, each I/O relays has 1600 ports, USB 1.1 for communication. The display part, we import screen of WEINVIEW MT6056i series, the screen material is TFT, 5.6 inches, and the resolution is 320x234, with USB2.0 port supporting downloading. The frequency of the CPU is 400 MHz, 128RAM. D.THE SYSTEM STR UCTURE AND FUNCTIONS The mechanical parts cooperating with electrical system are carrying board, hooks and chains. There are 6 slots on each layer besides 7 slots on the top layer, totally 37 slots, the purpose for one slot empty on each layer is that making enough space for carrying board to move. The carrying boards of the first floor only design to traverse, also the top floor carrying boards are only supposed to lift. The other carrying boards among these floors are designed to life and traverse. In this way, this system could achieve the saving and taking from any slots among these 6 layers. In addition, this system has a touch screen system, which switches between auto run and manual debugging mode. Under the auto run mode, it could select a certain slot to accomplish saving and taking behavior, at the same time, monitoring the operation of the system. (Green words "System Running" in auto mode without malfunction). When failure occurs, the system seized and on screen flashing yellow failure code with red backdrop, with the help of the failure code, the professional operator could recognize and eliminate the failures promptly and accurately. On considering more authorities are given in manual debugging mode, to preclude unprofessional persons enter the mode by chance, before enter the mode, there is a cipher verification, in which the sequence could be set by ourselves. This would protect the system from potential dangers. Figure 2 is the graph of system auto running, manual and debugging. Ⅱ. THE COMPOSURE OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM A. STRONG ELECTRICITY SYSTEM The strong power system includes power supply, protection and driving mechanism, here is electronic motors. Installing XJ3-D on the forepart of the power supply wire, which is used to protect phase sequence of the three-phase voltage, so that guarantee the right rotation of the motors. Moreover, the motors on some layers use the same three-phase voltage. B.THE SET OF THE MOTORS There are 6 traversing motors on the first layer, 6 traversing motors for 2 to 5 layers each, and so it is with lifting motors for 2 to 5 layers. The top layers have only 7 lifting motors. After setting the motors, mark every motor. For example, the motor driving the third slot of the second layer, we mark it with "23", the relay before the motor are named KM23. Here series connect all the motors' thermal protection, any motor's problem will stop the system. In this way, it has no influence on the stability of the system, but lowers the cost. At the same time, make it easier to find the problems. (What we need to do is press the thermal protection switch one by one). C .WEAK POWER SYSTEM The weak power system is also the control system, which are mainly the PLC mode and its 5 extended modules, also the sensors. As the figure below, on the right is the input part, DC 24V, on the left, is the output section, AC 220V, to connect with contactors and drive them. These device's functions have close relationships with the entire system's control requirements. On the above of the graph, the protection equipment are emergency switch, installed beside the touching panel, emergency only, trigger it, the system stops; Front and back photoelectrical sensors, which are used to detect people or unidentified objects breaking into the system, if this happens, the system would stop then response with photoelectrical failure, the goal is to protect the people and the vehicles. The phase sequence protection has been illustrated before; Over current protection normally activated under the motor stuck; All the margin switches series connected, cult the main power when any carrying board exceed the limiting position. Limit switches including up ones and down ones or left and right limit switches. In order to achieve the controlling requirements, the level limit switches are installed on the both side of the each slot frame, while the vertical limit switches are installed on the chain which attached to the motor. It is necessary to point out that the first layer only installed down and left right limit switches, the top layer only installed up switches these switches could sense the position of the carrying boards, helping to finish the lifting and traversing control; Hook position sensors is to fix the vehicles and sense the slot empty or not. The output points"00 04 05 06 07" are to select different phase for each layer, so control the motors' rotation ways. Figure 3. PLC Modules (Segment) There are other 4 extended modules, which only give more I/O ports to the system, similar to this main part. Ⅲ. OPERATION PROCEDURE A. TAKING PROCEDURE As far as the first layer concerned, it is only designed to traverse, so as to make space to upper layer's carrying boards to move downward. So do the other layers, which are designed to traverse. When traversing meet the requirements, lifting mechanism will run to put the carrying board down, finishing the saving and taking procedure. During the procedure the photoelectrical sensors are open and will behave as fore part has explained. In figure 2A, is the taking condition, at this time "Loading" will flash until the taking procedure finishes. When we enter "51", the system will distinguish whether the operation is a taking or a saving according to the hook of the 51 slot. Then prints the message responded to the state of the hook on the screen, the operator could confirm the operation or cancel it. On confirming, the 51 carrying board will wait for its downward boards to finish the traversing move then moving down. In addition, a timer is added to this control module in order to preclude level limit switches malfunction, resulting into the traversing move time up. If the time for traversing move exceeds the set time, the system will warn the operator "traversing move time up" which displays on the screen, the operator could check out the failure. The up limit switches are used to sense whether the carrying boards are stopped at their routine slots, which the level switches can't finish. Maybe one carrying board stuck between two layers. Only do all the upper layers' carrying boards stop at their routine slots, the selected carrying board's lifting move is activated. A timer is also set into the lifting control, with the same function as traversing timer. The elevator carries the vehicle down to the ground, release the hook, now the photoelectrical signal shut down, and waiting for the owners to take their vehicle. On driving away the vehicle and operator's confirming the photoelectrical signal resumes, the carrying board back to its slot from the down way. Figure 4. The flowchart of the taking and saving procedure B. SAVING PROCEDURE The saving process is based on taking procedure, so they are familiar; the only difference is the hook move. Ⅳ. SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING AND PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT A.SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT AND ITS LANGUAGE In this system, we choose Omron CX-ONE 3.0 to program the PLC. The language for programming is classic ladder diagram. On considering the stereo garages are installed in different condition and requirement of different users, the scale of the stereo garages should be flexible, for example different layers or slots. In order to meet the different scales requirements, the program is modularized, only need to change the I/O ports, the logical relations in the ladder diagram are fixed. In this way, it is not only with highly compatibility but also shortens the period to develop relevant designs and make it easier to debugging and repair. B.MODULARIZED PROGRAM Conditional jumps are widely used in the programming; the entire program consists of different modules, on certain conditions, the program jumps. As illustrated before, there are only two movements for a carrying board, lifting or traversing, beside the boards of first and top layers. The condition for the fifth could traverse is all the upper layers slots' up limiting switches closed. Then "Traverse OK" is activated, and then the program will make analysis of the operation until meet set conditions, the program jumps. For the lifting movements are always with the downward movements, so program the downward standards, the system will run. The entire program is programmed with this method, above the passage, is only a traversing OK and vertical move OK module. Similarly, modules of a fixed slot, for example slot "21". "21 Traversing Move", "21 Vertical Move"; for whole system, "Emergency Stop and Protection", "Button Select", "System Monitor" and "Debugging" modules, which cooperate with each other to accomplish the control and monitor. Figure 5. Monitoring and Display module (Segment) Fig. 5 is the segment program of the monitoring module, all the motors' protection series connected, so are the phase sequence protection and margin switches. Any of them change; PLC will transfer messages to the screen, which displays. Meanwhile, cults off the main KM, the system stops. Ⅵ.A BRIEF SUMMARY This paper introduces lift shifting type six floors of three-dimensional garage design method based on Omron CP1HX40DR-A controller, completing the requirements of three-dimensional garage for city vehicle management toward the direction of automation and centralization. This design can be used to restore occupied pavement, reduce preempting, and ensure safety, in addition that it could reduce traffic congestion time, reducing the injury. On this basis, the problem has been thoroughly eliminated, including various vehicles disorderly stopping and parting in disorder, and the appearance of parking places with dirty, disorderly and poor, thus protecting vehicles away from lost, being damaged and stolen. Finally, the road is giving back to the vehicles and pedestrians, the lawn to the green space, the environment of the neat civilization life to the modern metropolis. The development cycle has been greatly shortened, based on the design about three-dimensional garage design of PLC controller. This is also a kind of inevitable of the electrification, digital and automation advancement. The thoughts and methods of this design can be applied to other scale garage and relevant problems of design. REFERENCES [1] [1] Huo Gang. Application and programmer of the CP1HPLC. China Machine Press [M], 2009.1 [2] [2] Omron Power program. Omron Corporation (China), 2008 [3] [3] BoSen Ren.General situation of Chinese mechanical parking equipment. Celebrated manufacturers of parking equipment and peripherals directory [J] :PP5-7 [4] [4] Lekang Yu Dongxiao Zuo.The development of mechanical parking. [J] Technology and management of construction machinery. 1999 1:PP 30-32 [5] [5] Fuen Zhang ? Younai Wu.Principle ? design ? set up and maintenance of AC variable speed elevator. [M] China Machine Press 1999 中文譯文 基于歐姆龍可編程序控制器的6層立體車庫設計 Zhuoran Zhang 電氣工程 武漢理工大學 武漢，中國 電子郵件：Harry zzr@126.com Zhe Mao, Hailing Wan 電氣工程 武漢理工大學 武漢，中國 電子郵件：maozhe998@sina.com 摘要： 隨著現(xiàn)代社會的快速發(fā)展，許多城市的車輛數(shù)量正在一直以指數(shù)的速度快速增加，特別是私家車。這些情況對這些城市交通和停車造成了巨大的壓力。這篇文章主要內容是關注立體車庫的整個結構，運行程序和電氣系統(tǒng)的設計等方面，其中包括硬件方案的設計思路，以及提升立體車庫整體性能。這不僅將能縮短立體車庫的開發(fā)周期，也促進停車場向集中化和自動化方向發(fā)展,對立體車庫設計有一定的參考價值。 關鍵詞：立體車庫，歐姆龍PLC，設計 停車位不足是導致城市經(jīng)濟和交通的發(fā)展放緩的主要原因之一，而傳統(tǒng)車庫的一直使用是導致停車位不足的重要因素。在一個社區(qū)中停車位和居民家庭比例約為1:1，也就是一個家庭中至少有一個停車位，而為了解決這一矛盾而使用寶貴的商業(yè)用地是不可取的。在停車場中立體機械車庫的主要優(yōu)勢就是相同車位的停車場需要的占地面積較少，這一優(yōu)勢已經(jīng)逐步在我們面前展現(xiàn)出來。相比與傳統(tǒng)的地下停車場車庫，立體車庫有更多的優(yōu)勢。首先，立體車庫可以節(jié)省更多的占地面積。以傳統(tǒng)的方法停車的停車場必須考慮車輛的行駛軌跡問題，而平均一輛車需要至少40平方米進行停車操作。如果我們考慮使用地是多層的立體車庫（6層），有可能停放在該區(qū)域的車輛可達13輛，而占地面積僅為50平方米，這將節(jié)省大量寶貴的土地資源和土地建設成本。同時，立體車庫能保證他人和汽車的安全。如果在車庫有任何人活動或汽車沒有完全停止，電氣設備的控制系統(tǒng)將無法正常運行。這意味著，在規(guī)模的機械車庫管理時可實現(xiàn)人車分離，這使得立體車庫更自動化，特別是對于地下車庫。安裝這種車庫的地下停車場將省去大面積的照明系統(tǒng)，因此它的出現(xiàn)可以節(jié)約大量的能源并可以保護周邊的環(huán)境免遭破壞。 Ⅰ.立體車庫的背景分類與實現(xiàn) A.立體車庫的分類 根據(jù)現(xiàn)在立體車庫的發(fā)展，可將它分為巷道堆垛式立體車庫，垂直升降式立體車庫，垂直循環(huán)式式立體車庫，圓形水平循環(huán)式立體車庫等。立體車庫的概念是從自動化的物料傳送系統(tǒng)演變而來。[3]立體車庫的使用目的是為了解決停車難的問題，尤其在發(fā)達的城市中，這是為了使有限的區(qū)域內停放更多的車輛，以節(jié)省發(fā)達城市的土地資源的靜態(tài)交通管理系統(tǒng)。本文提出了一個簡單的方式來設計基于歐姆龍可編程序控制器CP1H的立體升降車庫，這可以擴展到解決相關項目的立體車庫設計難題。 B.簡要介紹了升降橫移立體車庫 模塊化設計在進口的升降橫動立體車庫設計中是很重要的。它可以設計為兩到五層或半地下型車庫，車位的數(shù)目可以從幾十到幾百個。這種車庫合適于地上和地下建造車庫的特點，它的優(yōu)點可概括為占用土地少，操作簡單，結構配置靈活，建設成本更