食品提升皮帶機設計含4張CAD圖
食品提升皮帶機設計含4張CAD圖,食品,食物,提升,晉升,皮帶機,設計,cad
Conveyor overview
first , briefly conveyor
Conveyor, it is in a certain line of continuous conveying material materials handling machinery, also called continuous conveyor. Conveyor can undertake level, the tilt and vertical conveyor, also can make the space transport routes, transmission lines is usually fixed. Conveyor carrying ability, long distance, still can be in conveying process and propositions process operation, so widely used.
Belt conveyor, especially ascend shipped machine is the contemporary most capable of conveying equipment, in the whole conveyor category, it is the most widely used a device. With the continuous development of national economy, multiple types of workpiece transmission machine widely used in metallurgy, mining, cement, wharf, chemical industry, food industry, etc various occasions. Meanwhile in various occasions used for different conditions of workpiece transmission machine is endless also and same, in recent years due to the application range of the workpiece transmission machine, the increase of the expansion of the varieties and continuously improve the quality of processing design workpiece transmission machine put forward higher request, especially in some large flow line, workpiece transmission machine undertakes a very important tasks. These workpiece transmission machine request the transmission distance and speed, precision is higher. Therefore each manufacturer to need according to oneself, for economic and strategic direction of consideration, simple structure and reliable, designed by the producer price cheap workpiece transmission machine.
Second, conveyor history
Chinese ancient high water TongChe and turn the overturned, is the modern dou pattern lift machine and the rudiment of scraper coveyor; In the 17th century, began to use aerial ropeway conveying disperses the shape material; In the mid 19th century, various modern structure of the conveyor arise.
In 1868 in Britain appear belt conveyor; In 1887, in the United States appeared screw conveyor; In 1905, in Switzerland appeared steel belt conveyor; In 1906, Britain and Germany have appeared in the inertial conveyor. Since then, conveyor machinery manufacturing, motor by metallurgy industry, chemical industry and technology advancement of influence, and constantly improve, gradually by complete workshop internal conveying, development to finish in the enterprise internal, between enterprise and even city materials handling, become between materials handling system mechanization and automation indispensable constituent part.
Third, the present situation of belt conveyor
(1) the domestic development situation
Our production of the belt conveyor varieties, type more. In the eighth five-year period, through national one-stop "nissan tons of compound mining equipment" project implementation, belt conveyor technology level had the very big enhancement, with high power and long underground coal mine belt conveyor key technology research and development in all new libyans have made great progress. Such as big obliquity long belt conveyor equipment, high yield and high efficiency the slot retractable mining of belt conveyor are filled in the domestic blank, and reduction of belt conveyor key technologies and main yuan parts of theoretical research and product development, we successfully developed the various soft start-up and brake with PLC as the core and programmable electronic device, drive system USES coupler and planetary gear reducer.
(2) foreign development situation
In a foreign country, belt conveyor technology present situation of foreign belt conveyor technology development soon, its basically are behaved in two aspects: one is the function of belt conveyor pluralism, application scope enlargement, such as high Angle belt conveyor, tubular belt conveyor, space turn belt conveyor, etc. Various kinds of models; On the other hand is belt conveyor technologies and equipment of itself a great development, especially the long-distance large-capacity belt speed, high large belt conveyor has become the main development direction of development, its core technology is applied to the belt conveyor dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, improving the belt conveyor performance and reliability of the operation.
Fourth, the composition of the belt conveyor
Belt conveyor, by common belt conveyor roller, roller conveyor belt, and the drive, braking,tensioner,redirection,loading, unloading, cleaning device such as composition.
(1) conveyor belt
Commonly used a rubber belt and plastic band two kinds. Rubber belt applies to working environment temperature - 15 ~ 40 ° C between. Material temperature may not exceed 50 ° C. Upward transportation scattered aggregates of 12 ° ~ 24 ° Angle. For large dip Angle rubber belt conveyor usable pattern. Plastic belt are resistant to oil, acid, alkali etc, but for climate unadaptable, easy skid and aging. The bandwidth was belt conveyors main technical parameters.
(2) roller
Points of roller drum (tape single ° Angle of for 210 °), double ~ 230 drum (Angle of 350 °) and roller (for high-power), etc. Have groove shape roller, flat roller, self-aligning roller, buffer roller. Groove by roller (2 ~ 5 roller bearing branch, composed) supporting granular materials used to transport; Self-aligning roller with horizontal position to adjust, avoid running deviation; Buffer roller into is expected to reduce materials in to take impact.
(3) drum
Points driving drum and redirection roller. Drive roller is to transfer power of major components. Points of roller drum (tape single ° Angle of for 210 °), double ~ 230 drum (Angle of 350 °) and roller (for high-power), etc.
(4) tensioner device
Its role is to make the belt, lest be in the necessary tensions driving drum skidding, and make the belt between the roller deflection guarantee in the specified scope.
Five, the characteristics of belt conveyor
Food ascension in belt conveyor belt conveyor is developed on the basis of. Food promotion with traditional belt conveyor belt conveyor belt, as is steel strip, steel fiber belt, plastic belt and chemical fiber belt as teleport material and traction workpieces conveyor machinery. Its characteristic is bearing material conveyor is pulling pieces, transfer power this and other mechanical transmission is a significant difference.
Food ascending belt conveyor is one of the belt conveyor, belt conveyor has been electric power, metallurgy, coal, chemicals, ports and other industries widely adopted. Especially in recent years, new materials and new technology of application, make the development of the belt conveyor stepped into a fast track, its characteristics as follows.
(1) simple structure. The structure of the belt conveyor by transmission roller, redirection roller, roller, drive device, conveyor belt to wait for a few big composition, only ten various components, and can carry out standardized production, can press needs to cooperate, structure identity simple combination.
(2) a wide range of materials. The belt conveyer with anti-wear, acid and alkali resistant, oil resistance, flame retardant, etc. Various kinds of performance, and resistance to high and low temperature, can press need to undertake manufacturing, and can therefore conveying for all types of bulk material, block materials, chemicals, food items such as born clinker.
(3) shipping volume. Every hour from volume to several thousand tons, a few kilograms and is a continuous delivery, this is train, automobile transport the past.
(4) the distance of long. Single 10 kilometers a length could, in foreign had become quite common, without any reproduced points among. Germany 60 kilometers a single has emerged. Backcountry belt conveyor often use middle way, make the belt friction drive by conveyor belt length of restrictions. The intensity
(5) adaptability of lines. Modern belt conveyor to already from groove shape, it can be circular pipe in horizontal and vertical plane turn, broke the groove belt conveyor cannot turn restrictions.
(6) handling convenient. According to process flow of belt conveyor in need, but any point aspirant to pack, discharging. Pipe belt conveyor also is so, also can return period, upload, ex-denning transportation direction.
(7) high reliability. Because of simple structure, light weight movement part as conveyer belt not torn, life can be more than a decade, and metal structure parts, as long as antirust good, decades nor bad.
(8) maintenance costs low. Wear a belt conveyor roller and roller is only long service life, the conveyor belt, a high degree of automation, using personnel rarely, average every km less than one, the consumption of oil and power is also less.
(9) low energy consumption and high efficiency. Because moving parts, light weight, volume in all invalid less continuous pattern and the successive transport, belt conveyor, the highest efficiency and the lowest energy.
(10) maintenance costs less. Belt conveyor motion component only for roller and roller, because food is lighter, conveyer belt wear-resisting. By contrast, automobile transportation tool wear parts, and far more frequently also replace the worn out parts.
Six, the development trend of belt conveyor
(1) enlarged equipment, improve transport capacity
In order to adapt to the need of intensive production high production and efficiency, belt conveyors transmission capacity will increase. Long-distance large-capacity belt speed, high, high power is an inevitable trend of future development, but also high yield and high efficiency of mine transportation technology development direction. Especially the slot retractable underground coal mine, along with the development of conveying technique of the high yield and high efficiency emerged and coal technology unceasing development, the original retractable belt conveyor, both main parameters, or performance are difficult to adapt to the high yield and high efficiency requirements, coal field need more big, technical parameters of the Lord more advanced, more reliable's long-distance large-capacity, high-power shun slot retractable, to enhance the belt conveyor belt conveyor technology in the design level, fills domestic blank, approach and catch up with the international advanced industrialized level of technology. It includes several aspects of the key technology, belt conveyor dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, soft start and power balance technique, intermediate drive technology, automatic tensioner technology, a new high life high-speed roller technology, rapid self-advance tail technology, high efficient reservoirs with technology.
(2) improve yuan parts performance and reliability
Equipment of high and low open probability depends on yuan parts performance and reliability. In addition to further perfect and improve existing yuan parts, and performance and reliability of new technology constantly development research dollars and parts, such as high performance controllable soft start-up technology, dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, efficient storage belt device, rapid self-advance tail, high speed roller, etc., so that the performance of the belt conveyor being further improved.
(3) expand functionality, multi-usage digestion
Expand luck, shipped material or two-way transportation function, achieve multi-usage, make its maximum economic benefits. Develop special type belt conveyor, such as bending belt conveyor, big obliquity or vertical ascent conveyor, etc.
Seven, epilogue
To sum up, the superiority of the belt conveyor already obviously, it is indispensable to the national economy of key equipment. Along with the development of manufacturing informatization, shorten belt conveyor design, development, manufacturing and sales cycle, and to make it more competitive. Our country should innovation its core technology, innovation and development mode, should to promote the combination of Chinese manufacturing and industrial development .
輸送機概述
一、輸送機的簡述
輸送機，是在一定的線路上連續(xù)輸送物料的物料搬運機械，又稱連續(xù)輸送機。輸送機可進行水平、傾斜和垂直輸送，也可組成空間輸送線路，輸送線路一般是固定的。輸送機輸送能力大，運距長，還可在輸送過程中同時完成若干工藝操作，所以應用十分廣泛。
帶式輸送機，特別是提升運機是當代最為得力的輸送設備之一，在整個輸送機范疇中，它是應用最為廣泛的一種設備。隨著國民經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,多種類型的工件傳送機廣泛的運用于冶金、礦山、水泥、碼頭、化工、糧食等行業(yè)的各種場合。同時在各種場合對不同的工況所使用的工件傳輸機也不盡相同，近年來由于工件傳輸機的應用范圍的擴大，品種的增多以及質量的不斷提高，對加工設計工件傳輸機提出了更高的要求，特別是在一些大型的流水線上，工件傳輸機承擔了很重要的工作任務。這些工件傳輸機要求傳輸距離和速度，精度比較高。為此各廠家為了根據(jù)自己的需要，出于經(jīng)濟性和戰(zhàn)略方向的考慮，自行設計結構簡單可靠，生產(chǎn)價格便宜的工件傳輸機。
二、輸送機的歷史
中國古代的高轉筒車和提水的翻車，是現(xiàn)代斗式提升機和刮板輸送機的雛形；17世紀中，開始應用架空索道輸送散狀物料；19世紀中葉，各種現(xiàn)代結構的輸送機相繼出現(xiàn)。
1868年，在英國出現(xiàn)了帶式輸送機；1887年，在美國出現(xiàn)了螺旋輸送機；1905年，在瑞士出現(xiàn)了鋼帶式輸送機；1906年，在英國和德國出現(xiàn)了慣性輸送機。此后，輸送機受到機械制造、電機、化工和冶金工業(yè)技術進步的影響，不斷完善，逐步由完成車間內部的輸送，發(fā)展到完成在企業(yè)內部、企業(yè)之間甚至城市之間的物料搬運，成為物料搬運系統(tǒng)機械化和自動化不可缺少的組成部分。
三、帶式輸送機的現(xiàn)狀
（1）國內發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀
我國生產(chǎn)制造的帶式輸送機的品種、類型較多。在“八五”期間，通過國家一條龍“日產(chǎn)萬噸綜采設備”項目的實施，帶式輸送機的技術水平有了很大提高，煤礦井下用大功率、長距離帶式輸送機的關鍵技術研究和新產(chǎn)呂開發(fā)都取得了很大的進步。如大傾角長距離帶式輸送機成套設備、高產(chǎn)高效工作面順槽可伸縮帶式輸送機等均填補了國內空白，并對帶式輸送機的減低關鍵技術及其主要元部件進行了理論研究和產(chǎn)品開發(fā)，研制成功了多種軟起動和制動裝置以及以PLC為核心的可編程電控裝置，驅動系統(tǒng)采用調速型液力偶合器和行星齒輪減速器。
（2）國外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀
在國外，帶式輸送機技術的現(xiàn)狀國外帶式輸送機技術的發(fā)展很快，其主要表現(xiàn)在2個方面：一方面是帶式輸送機的功能多元化、應用范圍擴大化，如高傾角帶輸送機、管狀帶式輸送機、空間轉彎帶式輸送機等各種機型；另一方面是帶式輸送機本身的技術與裝備有了巨大的發(fā)展，尤其是長距離、大運量、高帶速等大型帶式輸送機已成為發(fā)展的主要方向，其核心技術是開發(fā)應用于了帶式輸送機動態(tài)分析與監(jiān)控技術，提高了帶式輸送機的運行性能和可靠性。
四、帶式輸送機的組成
帶式輸送機，通用帶式輸送機由輸送帶、托輥、滾筒及驅動、制動、張緊、改向、裝載、卸載、清掃等裝置組成。
（1）輸送帶
常用的有橡膠帶和塑料帶兩種。 橡膠帶適用于工作環(huán)境溫度-15～40°C之間。物料溫度不超過50°C。向上輸送散粒料的傾角12°～24°。對于大傾角輸送可用花紋橡膠帶。塑料帶具有耐油、酸、堿等優(yōu)點，但對于氣候的適應性差，易打滑和老化。帶寬是帶式輸送機的主要技術參數(shù)。
（2）托輥
分單滾筒（膠帶對滾筒的包角為210°～230°）、雙滾筒（包角達350°）和多滾筒（用于大功率）等。有槽形托輥、平形托輥、調心托輥、緩沖托輥。槽形托輥（由2～5個輥子組成）支承承載分支，用以輸送散粒物料；調心托輥用以調整帶的橫向位置，避免跑偏；緩沖托輥裝在受料處，以減小物料對帶的沖擊。
（3）滾筒
分驅動滾筒和改向滾筒。驅動滾筒是傳遞動力的主要部件。分單滾筒（膠帶對滾筒的包角為210°～230°）、雙滾筒（包角達350°）和多滾筒（用于大功率）等。
（4）張緊裝置
其作用是使輸送帶達到必要的張力，以免在驅動滾筒上打滑，并使輸送帶在托輥間的撓度保證在規(guī)定范圍內。
五、帶式輸送機的特點
食品提升皮帶機是在帶式輸送機的基礎上發(fā)展起來的。食品提升皮帶機與傳統(tǒng)的帶式輸送機一樣是以膠帶、鋼帶、鋼纖維帶、塑料帶和化纖帶等作為傳送物料和牽引工件的輸送機械。其特點是承載物料的輸送機也是傳遞動力的牽引件，這與其他輸送機械有著顯著的區(qū)別。
食品提升皮帶機是帶式輸送機中的一種，而帶式輸送機已被電力、冶金、煤炭、化工、港口等各行各業(yè)廣泛采用。特別是近年來新材料、新技術的應用，使帶式輸送機的發(fā)展步入了一個快車道，其特點如下。
（1）結構簡單。帶式輸送機的結構由傳動滾筒、改向滾筒、托輥、驅動裝置、輸送帶等幾大件組成，僅有十多種部件，并能進行標準化生產(chǎn)，可按需要進行組合配合，結構身份簡單。
（2）送物料范圍廣泛。式輸送機的輸送帶具有抗磨、耐酸堿、耐油、阻燃等各種性能，并耐高、低溫，可按需要進行制造，因而能輸送各種散料、塊料、化學品、生熟料等食物品。
（3）運送量大。運量可從每小時幾公斤到幾千噸，而且是連續(xù)不斷運送，這是火車、汽車運輸所不及的。
（4）運距長。單機長度可達十幾公里一條，在國外已十分普及，中間無須任何轉載點。德國單機60公里一條已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。越野的帶式輸送機常使用中間摩擦驅動方式，使輸送帶長度不受輸送帶強度的限制。
（5）對線路適應性強。現(xiàn)代的帶式輸送機已從槽型發(fā)展到圓管形，它可在水平及垂直面上轉彎，打破了槽型帶式輸送機不能轉彎的限制。
（6）裝卸方便。帶式輸送機根據(jù)工藝流程需要，可在任何點上進行裝、卸料。圓管式帶式輸送機也是如此，還可以再回程段上裝、卸料，進行方向運輸。
（7）可靠性高。由于結構簡單，運動部件自重輕，只要輸送帶不被撕破，壽命可長達十年之久，而金屬結構部件，只要防銹好，幾十年也不壞。
（8）維護費低。帶式輸送機的磨損件僅為托輥和滾筒，輸送帶壽命長，自動化程度高，使用人員很少，平均每公里不到一人，消耗的機油和電力也少。
（9）能耗低、效率高。由于運動部件自重輕，無效運量少，在所有連續(xù)式和非連續(xù)式運輸中，帶式輸送機耗能最低、效率最高。
（10）維修費少。帶式輸送機運動部件僅為托輥和滾筒，因食品較輕，輸送帶耐磨。相比之下，汽車等運輸工具磨損部件要多得多，且更換磨損部件也較為頻繁。
六、帶式輸送機的發(fā)展趨勢
（1）設備大型化、 提高運輸能力
為了適應高產(chǎn)高效集約化生產(chǎn)的需要，帶式輸送機的輸送能力要加大。長距離、 高帶速、大運量、大功率是今后發(fā)展的必然趨勢，也是高產(chǎn)高效礦井運輸技術的發(fā)展方向。尤其是煤礦井下順槽可伸縮輸送技術的發(fā)展，隨著高產(chǎn)高效工作面的出現(xiàn)及煤炭科技的不斷發(fā)展， 原有的可伸縮帶式輸送機，無論是主參數(shù)，還是運行性能都難以適應高產(chǎn)高效工作面的要求，煤礦現(xiàn)場急需主參數(shù)更大、技術更先進、性能更可靠的長距離、大運量、大功率順槽可伸縮帶式輸送機，以提升我國帶式輸送機技術的設計水平，填補國內空白，接近并趕上國際先進工業(yè)國的技術水平。其包含幾個方面的關鍵技術、帶式輸送機動態(tài)分析與監(jiān)控技術、軟起動與功率平衡技術、中間驅動技術、自動張緊技術、新型高壽命高速托輥技術、快速自移機尾技術、高效儲帶技術。
（2）提高元部件性能和可靠性
設備開機率的高與低主要取決于元部件的性能和可靠性。除了進一步完善和提高現(xiàn)有元部件的性能和可靠性， 還要不斷地開發(fā)研究新的技術和元部件， 如高性能可控軟起動技術、 動態(tài)分析與監(jiān)控技術、 高效貯帶裝置、 快速自移機尾、 高速托輥等， 使帶式輸送機的性能得到進一步提高。
（3）擴大功能， 一機多用化
拓展運人、運料或雙向運輸?shù)裙δ?，做到一機多用，使其發(fā)揮最大的經(jīng)濟效益。開發(fā)特殊型帶式輸送機，如彎曲帶式輸送機、大傾角或垂直提升輸送機等。
七、結語
綜上所述，帶式輸送機的優(yōu)越性已十分明顯，它是國民經(jīng)濟中不可缺少的關鍵設備。隨著制造業(yè)信息化的發(fā)展，大大縮短了帶式輸送機的設計、開發(fā)、制造和銷售的周期，使它更加具有競爭力。我國應不斷革新其核心技術，創(chuàng)新發(fā)展模式，多措并舉的為推動我國制造業(yè)、工業(yè)的發(fā)展獻計獻策。
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