救援小車的設(shè)計(jì)含程序及CAD圖

救援小車的設(shè)計(jì)含程序及CAD圖,救援,救濟(jì),營(yíng)救,小車,設(shè)計(jì),程序,cad 救援小車的設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 自動(dòng)循跡避障小車在工業(yè)和生產(chǎn)上都有廣泛運(yùn)用，為了培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生對(duì)循跡避障的運(yùn)用，循跡避障機(jī)器人最近幾年一直是各類全國(guó)大學(xué)生機(jī)電類比賽的主要題目。而本次題目要求小車能根據(jù)外部環(huán)境的變化而做出智能的判斷并成功執(zhí)行題目要求的循跡、避障和發(fā)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的任務(wù)。 本設(shè)計(jì)采用單片機(jī)控制技術(shù)為核心，通過(guò)對(duì)各類傳感器的合理運(yùn)用以達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。本系統(tǒng)主要由單片機(jī)、紅外傳感器、光電接近開(kāi)關(guān)、直流電機(jī)、穩(wěn)壓芯片組成。系統(tǒng)采用可充電電池作為總電源，并通過(guò)穩(wěn)壓芯片進(jìn)行穩(wěn)壓分別對(duì)各部分電路進(jìn)行供電。其中系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)采集部分采用5組紅外對(duì)管對(duì)地面信息進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集，并且再利用兩組光電接近開(kāi)關(guān)對(duì)障礙物進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的收集；然后將收集到的外部數(shù)據(jù)信息傳輸?shù)絾纹瑱C(jī)上根據(jù)程序進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)處理，從而使小車系統(tǒng)能準(zhǔn)確、快速地采集處理外部環(huán)境信息并反饋到小車系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行部分去。最后根據(jù)單片機(jī)對(duì)外部信息的處理結(jié)果對(duì)兩個(gè)直流電機(jī)進(jìn)行控制從而實(shí)現(xiàn)小車根據(jù)外部環(huán)境自動(dòng)進(jìn)行循跡、避障、發(fā)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的操作；并通過(guò)單片機(jī)對(duì)蜂鳴器和LED的控制實(shí)現(xiàn)光電報(bào)警。 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的電路機(jī)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，可靠性好。并且本救援小車系統(tǒng)具有執(zhí)行效率高、反應(yīng)快速和低成本等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)小車調(diào)試運(yùn)行情況來(lái)說(shuō)，本次設(shè)計(jì)能很好地根據(jù)外部環(huán)境的變化執(zhí)行預(yù)定任務(wù)。 關(guān)鍵詞：救援小車；L298N；紅外對(duì)管；STC89C52；直流電機(jī)；光電開(kāi)關(guān) Abstract Automatic tracking obstacle avoidance for car industry and production, widely used, in order to develop the use of college students on the tracking of obstacle avoidance, tracking, obstacle avoidance robot in recent years has been the main subject of thevarious types of National College Students of machinery and electronic game. The subject car changes in the external environment and to make intelligent judgments andthe successful implementation of the subject requirements tracking, obstacle avoidance,and found the target task. This design uses a single-chip control technology as the core, through the rational use ofvarious types of sensors to meet the design requirements. The system mainly consists of the microcontroller, infrared sensors, photoelectric proximity switches, DC motors,voltage regulator chip. The system uses a rechargeable battery as the total power supplyvoltage regulator and the regulator chip on the part of the circuit power supply. The system includes data acquisition part of group of infrared tubes on the ground information data collection, and use of two sets of photoelectric proximity switch on the obstacles to data collection; then collected from the external data transmission to the MCU according to the procedures the corresponding data processing, so that the car system can accurately and quickly collecting and processing the external environment for information and feedback to the operative part to go to the car system. The last two DC motor control in order to achieve the car is automatically carried out according to theexternal environment, tracking, obstacle avoidance, found that the operation of the target;and photoelectric alarm buzzer and LED control by the microcontroller according to the results of single-chip processing of external information. Circuit body of the whole system is simple and good reliability. And the rescue vehicle system with high efficiency in the implementation, fast response and low cost advantages. For debugging and running under the car, the design changes in theexternal environment perform the intended task. Key words: Rescue car ; L298N; nfrared Emitting Diode ; STC89C52; DC motor ；Photoelectric switch