備戰(zhàn)2020年高考英語 糾錯(cuò)筆記系列 專題05 非謂語動(dòng)詞（含解析）

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1、專題05 非謂語動(dòng)詞 1. Lily doesn’t feel like __________ （study）abroad. Her parents are old. （單句語法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填to study。like to do sth. 喜歡做某事，偶爾一次喜歡做某事；like doing sth.后跟動(dòng)詞不定式，經(jīng)常性地喜歡做某事。看到like，容易誤填to study。此句表示莉莉不想要出國留學(xué)，feel like doing sth. 想要做某事。 【試題解析】句意：＂莉蒂亞不想出國讀書。（因?yàn)椋┧母改改昙o(jì)大了。＂feel like doing sth.

2、意為＂想要做某事＂，是固定搭配。 【參考答案】studying 動(dòng)名詞與不定式的不同 1) 動(dòng)名詞與不定式的區(qū)別 動(dòng)名詞 狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，心境，抽象，經(jīng)常性，已發(fā)生的 不定式 目的，結(jié)果，原因，具體，一次性，將發(fā)生的 2) 接不定式或動(dòng)名詞，意義相近，如：begin/start to do = begin/start doing; continue to do =continue doing。 3) 動(dòng)名詞與不定式語義不同的有11組： stop to do stop doing forget to do forget doing remember to do re

3、member doing regret to do regret doing cease to do cease doing try to do try doing go on to do go on doing afraid to do afraid doing interested to do interested doing mean to do mean doing begin / start to do begin/ start doing 常見考法 1. 不定式作狀語； 2. it作形式主語代替后面的不定式； 3. 不定式的否定形式； 4.

4、 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的不定式； 5. 不定式省to情況； 6. 不定式作定語的情況。 誤區(qū)提醒 1. 不定式的不同形式誤用； 2. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中仍然省to； 3. 否定形式not位置弄錯(cuò)； 4. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)中該省to不??； 5. 不定式作定語時(shí)丟內(nèi)容。 動(dòng)名詞作賓語 a. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語，某些及物動(dòng)詞后面直接接賓語時(shí)只能加動(dòng)名詞，不能加不定式，如advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, delay, practice, resist, suggest

5、, escape, bear等。 ?Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 每當(dāng)違反交通規(guī)則時(shí)，Mark總是嘗試著逃脫懲罰。 b. 作介詞的賓語（單個(gè)介詞或最后是介詞的動(dòng)詞短語），如depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst into, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, g

6、et down to等。 ?We are against killing small animals. 我們反對(duì)屠殺小動(dòng)物。 ?Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我們是休息一下還是繼續(xù)工作？ c. 作短語動(dòng)詞的賓語give up, keep on, put off, insist on等。 ?He is often persuaded to give up smoking. 他總是被勸戒煙。 d. 其他情況be worth, be busy, can’t help, can’t stand等。 ?The musi

7、c is well worth listening to more than once. 這音樂值得反復(fù)聽。 ?We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我們忙著為即將到來的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備。 不定式作賓語 ?I want to speak to Tom. 我想跟Tom談?wù)劇? ?Please show us how to do that. 請(qǐng)給我們演示一下怎么操作。 2. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __________（be）late for

8、 school. （單句語法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填been或be。worried about...是過去分詞短語作狀語， 【試題解析】句意：一天早上，我正在等公交車，擔(dān)心上學(xué)會(huì)遲到。介詞about后面用名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填being。 【參考答案】being 3. __________ （ignore）the differences between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. （單句語法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】分析不清句子成分，易誤填I(lǐng)gnore。 【試題解析】句意：

9、忽視這兩種研究結(jié)果的差異將是你所犯的最嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞是will be；＂one of the worst mistakes...＂是表語；you make是省略關(guān)系代詞的定語從句，修飾mistakes。很顯然，＂__________ the differences between the two research findings＂是主語部分，結(jié)合語境可知設(shè)空處用動(dòng)名詞作主語。 【參考答案】Ignoring 動(dòng)名詞作主語： a. 直接位于句首作主語。 ?Swimming is a good sport in summer. 夏天游泳是一項(xiàng)很不錯(cuò)的運(yùn)

10、動(dòng)。 b. it作形式主語，常見的能用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞還有：better, wonderful, enjoyable, interesting, foolish, difficult, useless, senseless, worthwhile等。 ?It is no use telling him not to worry. 告訴他沒必要擔(dān)心。 注意：important, essential, necessary之后常用不定式。 c. 用于＂There be＂結(jié)構(gòu)中。 ?There is no saying when he’ll come. 不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。 d. 用于

11、布告形式的省略結(jié)構(gòu)中。 ?No smoking (=No smoking is allowed (here).（這里）禁止抽煙。 ?No parking. 禁止停車。 e. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語。 ?Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他們的到來及提供的幫助對(duì)我們來說是極大地鼓勵(lì)。 動(dòng)名詞作主語與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的比較 a. 動(dòng)名詞多用來表示泛指，不定式多用來表示特指。 ?Smoking is not good for health. 抽煙對(duì)健康有害。 ?It is not good for you to

12、 smoke so much. 抽這么多煙對(duì)你不好。 b. 在It is no use..., It is no good..., It is fun..., It is a waste of time...等句型中，常用動(dòng)名詞作真實(shí)主語。 ?It is no use talking about that. 說那些沒有用。 ?It is no good quarreling with him. 跟他吵架沒好處。 c. 在疑問句中，通常用動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，不用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語。 ?Does your saying that mean anything to him? 你說那個(gè)對(duì)他

13、意味著什么對(duì)嗎？ d. 在＂There be＂句型中，只能用動(dòng)名詞，而不能用不定式作主語。 ?There is no telling what will happen. 沒有被告知將要發(fā)生什么。 e. 句子中的主語和表語都是非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要遵循前后一致的原則，主語和表語在形式上要求統(tǒng)一： ?Seeing is believing. / To see is to believe. 眼見為實(shí)。 4. No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished __________ （make）them, so he couldn’t hav

14、e done it. 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填having made。有的考生誤以為是-ing形式的完成式作賓語，從而誤填having made。 【試題解析】finish后只能接名詞、代詞或-ing形式作賓語，故填making。 【參考答案】making。 常見后跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有： acknowledge承認(rèn)，自認(rèn) cease 停止 mention說到，講到 admit 承認(rèn) tolerate忍受 dislike不喜歡，討厭 advocate提倡，主張 complete完成 dread可怕 appreciate感激，欣賞 co

15、nfess坦白 endure忍受 avoid避免 contemplate細(xì)想 enjoy享有，喜愛 bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒 can’t help不禁 delay延遲 escape逃跑，逃避 can’t stand受不了 deny否認(rèn) excuse借口 consider 考慮 detest嫌惡 fancy幻想，愛好 favor 造成，偏愛 mind介意 repent悔悟 figure描繪，計(jì)算 miss錯(cuò)過 resent怨恨 fin

16、ish完成，結(jié)束不得 pardon原諒，饒恕 resist抵抗，阻止 forgive原諒 permit 允許 resume恢復(fù) imagine設(shè)想 postpone延遲，延期 risk冒險(xiǎn) involve卷入，包含 practise實(shí)行，實(shí)踐 suggest建議 hate討厭 prevent阻止 save營救，儲(chǔ)蓄 keep保持 quit放棄停止 stand堅(jiān)持，忍受 loathe非常討厭，厭惡 recall回想 5. When I came in, my naughty son pr

17、etended __________（read）. 【錯(cuò)因分析】to read。有的考生以為這里是不定式的一般式作賓語，從而誤填to read。 【試題解析】根據(jù)語境，這里的pretended后要接to be doing 作賓語，表示＂我＂進(jìn)來時(shí)，兒子假裝＂正在做什么＂。本句意為：我進(jìn)來時(shí)，我那頑皮的兒子假裝在看書。 【參考答案】to be reading 常見后跟動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有： attempt企圖 enable能夠 neglect忽視 afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange安排 destine注定

18、 mean意欲，打算 begin開始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏 appear似乎，顯得 determine決定 manage設(shè)法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厭惡 pretend假裝 ask問 dread害怕 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love愛 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg請(qǐng)求 fail不能 plan計(jì)劃 bother擾亂；煩惱

19、 forget忘記 prefer喜歡，寧愿 care關(guān)心，喜歡 happen碰巧 prepare準(zhǔn)備 decide決定 learn學(xué)習(xí) regret抱歉，遺憾 choose選擇 hesitate猶豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承諾，允許 start開始 undertake承接 want想要 consent同意，贊同 intend想要 refuse拒絕 decide決定 learn學(xué)習(xí) vow起 contrive設(shè)法，圖謀

20、 incline有……傾向 propose提議 seek找，尋覓 try試圖 【歸納】 決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。 主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫。 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help 1. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ______

21、_. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 【解析】如果不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞與介詞連用時(shí)，常位于＂形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式＂結(jié)構(gòu)的末尾。 【答案】B 2. —I usually go there by train. —Why not _______ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and

22、 go D. try going 【解析】why not后面接不帶to的不定式，故選D。 【答案】D 3. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 【解析】make后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，當(dāng)其用于被動(dòng)時(shí)，to不可省略，故選B。 【答案】B 4. She pretend

23、ed _______ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 【解析】pretend后應(yīng)接不定式。其否定形式為pretend not to do sth.。 【答案】A 5. The patient was warned _______ only food after the operation. A. to eat no B. eating not

24、 C. not to eat D. not eating 【解析】warn一詞要求后用不定式，否定形式為be warned not to do。 【答案】C 6. Days of snowstorms have left the city ________ under thick layers of ice and some 50,000 homes without power. A. to be trapped B. trapped C. having trapped D. being trapp

25、ed 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：連日的暴雪使這個(gè)城市陷入厚厚的冰雪中，大約5萬個(gè)家庭停電。此處是＂leave＋賓語＋補(bǔ)語＂結(jié)構(gòu)，the city與trap之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 7. Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if ________ properly, may contribute to spreading diseases. A. not handled B. not being handled C. not to be handled

26、 D. not having been handled 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：專家警告說，如果醫(yī)院的醫(yī)療垃圾不能恰當(dāng)處理，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病的蔓延。if條件句中省略的主語是medical waste from hospitals，與handle之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】A 8. Faced with a bill for $10,000, ________. A. Smith has taken an extra job B. the boss has given Smith an extra job C. an extra job has bee

27、n taken D. an extra job has been given to Smith 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：面對(duì)1萬美元的賬單，史密斯又找了一份工作。前半句是過去分詞作狀語，只有主、從句主語一致的時(shí)候，才能用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，所以主句主語與be faced with的主語一致，故選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】A 1. A study of travelers __________ （conduct）by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in th

28、e world. 【錯(cuò)因分析】conducting。有的考生以為此處為-ing形式作后置定語而誤填conducting。 【試題解析】根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，study和conduct之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系（同時(shí)注意空格后的介詞by），所以使用過去分詞作后置定語。 【參考答案】conducted。 過去分詞只有一種形式：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ed構(gòu)成。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞沒有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則要求，要一一記住。 過去分詞作定語 ?Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我們班開展了一次有組織的旅行。 ?Those sele

29、cted as committee members will attend the meeting. 當(dāng)選為委員的人將出席這次會(huì)。 注意 當(dāng)過去分詞是單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前，如果是過去分詞短語，就放在名詞的后面。過去分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。 動(dòng)名詞作定語和動(dòng)詞不定式作定語 動(dòng)名詞作定語往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。如： ?a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking ?a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine whi

30、ch is used for washing ?a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading 不定式作定語通常要放在被修飾的詞后。 ?I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。 2. What makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to ＂air condition＂ a house without ________（use）electric equipment. 【錯(cuò)因分析】used。有的考生認(rèn)為

31、此處為過去分詞作定語而誤填used。 【試題解析】由空格前的介詞without可知，空格處應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)名詞形式。 【參考答案】using 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的同與不同 相同之處：它們都是由動(dòng)詞變化而成的，它們都保留了動(dòng)詞的某些特征，它們都能帶自己的賓語、狀語，而構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語或是現(xiàn)在分詞短語去擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分。 ?Speaking in the public, he will surely be very cheerful. 能做演講，他肯定很開心。（現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作狀語） ?She hates speaking in the public. 她討厭做演講。（動(dòng)名詞短語，作賓語） 區(qū)

32、別： 1）動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用于系動(dòng)詞之后作表語，區(qū)別方法是： a. 作表語的動(dòng)名詞與主語指的是同一件事，此時(shí)系動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于＂是＂，通常把主語和表語的位置互換，語法和意思不變。 ?My hobby is swimming.可改為：Swimming is my hobby. 我的愛好是游泳。 b. 現(xiàn)在分詞作表語主要用以說明主語的性質(zhì),不能與主語互換位置，例如： ?The story is interesting. 不可改為：Interesting is the story. 這個(gè)故事很有趣。 2）動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語來修飾名詞，區(qū)別在于：動(dòng)名詞修飾名詞時(shí)主要表示該名詞的

33、用途，而現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞時(shí)表性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作等。比較： a swimming boy 一個(gè)正在游泳的男孩，即a boy who is swimming，現(xiàn)在分詞swimming表示被修飾名詞boy的動(dòng)作。 a swimming suit 游泳衣，即a suit for swimming，動(dòng)名詞swimming表示suit 的用途。 常見考法 1. 動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)； 2. 在動(dòng)名詞和不定式中，作為介詞的賓語是動(dòng)名詞； 3. 動(dòng)名詞的否定直接在其前加否定詞，通過代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語； 4. 有些詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞； 5. 另外還有一些接-ing形式的常

34、用說法。 誤區(qū)提醒 1. 動(dòng)名詞(短語)作主語，謂語數(shù)用錯(cuò)； 2. to作不定式符號(hào)和介詞分不清； 3. 否定形式not位置不對(duì)； 4. 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的用法弄混； 5. 只接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞和短語、句型識(shí)記不完整。 1.（2019﹒天津卷﹒單項(xiàng)填空）____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned 【答案】C

35、 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：學(xué)會(huì)批判性思維是當(dāng)代小孩未來所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主語成分，而過去分詞、動(dòng)詞都不可以作主語。此處用動(dòng)名詞作主語，故選C。 2. (2018·北京卷·單項(xiàng)填空) Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. used B. to use C. using D. use 【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：如果正確使用的話，普通的肥皂可以有效地處理細(xì)菌。Ordinary soap can deal wit

36、h bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是條件狀語，修飾ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞，A選項(xiàng)正確。 3. I would appreciate __________ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. you’re calling 【解析】appreciate后可直接加動(dòng)名詞作賓語，也可加動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。 【答案】C

37、 4. What worried the child most was __________ to visit his mother in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed 【解析】錯(cuò)選C或D。本題為動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。Doing的否定形式not要加在前面，這點(diǎn)一定要注意。此外，此處應(yīng)表被動(dòng)，故選B。 【答案】B

38、 5. __________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 【解析】錯(cuò)選C。此句缺少主語。A、C為句子，但無引導(dǎo)詞，故排除;B項(xiàng)邏輯上及形式上都不對(duì)。正確答案D，為一動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 【答案】D 6. On

39、the bank of the river, we found him __________ on a bench, with his eyes __________ on a kite in the sky. A. seated; fixing B. sitting; fixing C. seated; being fixed D. sitting; fixed 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他坐在河岸邊的長椅上，眼睛盯著空中的風(fēng)箏。第一空用seated或sitting作賓語補(bǔ)足語；第二空是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，由fix one's eyes on sth可知這里用

40、過去分詞fixed，故選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】D 7. __________ by beautiful green mountains and located at the foot of Lushan Mountain makes it a famous tourist attraction. A. Surrounded B. Being surrounded C. Having been surrounded D. Surrounding 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：被美麗的綠色的山包圍著而且位于廬山的山腳下使得它成為一個(gè)著名的旅游勝地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少

41、主語，且surround與it之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 8. As is known to all, Montreal is the second largest French-speaking city in the world, __________. A. Paris is the largest B. Paris being the largest C. Paris to be the largest D. Paris be the largest 【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：眾所周知，蒙特利爾是世界上說法語

42、的第二大城市，巴黎是第一大城市。前半句是簡單句，中間沒有連詞，所以后半句需要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，且Paris和be之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 9. Put everything __________ to you in your bag, not others. A. belongs B. belonged C. belonging D. to belong 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：把所有屬于你的物品而不是別人的放進(jìn)你的包里。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是分詞作定語，belong to是不及物動(dòng)詞短語，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，與every

43、thing之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。 【答案】C 10. Everyone in this country should work hard and do what they can __________ against national smog. A. fight B. fought C. fighting D. to fight 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)國家的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該努力并盡自己所能去抵抗全國性的霧霾。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，what they can是do的賓語，后面應(yīng)該接不定式表目的，故選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】D 11. —

44、Shall we put off the match because of the bad weather? —No. Rain or shine, the match will be held as __________. A. schedule B. scheduling C. scheduled D. to schedule 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：＂天氣不好，我們要不要推遲比賽？＂＂不用，不論晴天還是雨天，比賽都將按期舉行。＂as后省略了it is/has been，match和schedule之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，所以用過去分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。

45、【答案】C 1. Peter’s Chinese was poor when he came to China, so he couldn’t make himself __________ （understand）.（單句語法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填understand。有些同學(xué)一看到make，就想起了make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。易誤填understand。但是此句中主語是he，make后面是himself，表達(dá)的是使他自己被聽懂，被弄明白。make oneself done使某人自己被……。 【試題解析】句意：＂當(dāng)彼得來中國時(shí)，他的漢語很差，所以他不能清

46、楚地表達(dá)自己＂。himself與understand為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填understood。 【參考答案】understood 過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 ?I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我聽見這首歌被唱了好幾次。 有時(shí)過去分詞作with短語中的賓語補(bǔ)足語。 ?With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。 2. He had his watch __________ (steal) on the bus the other day. 【錯(cuò)因

47、分析】to be stone。有的考生誤以為是不定式的被動(dòng)式作補(bǔ)語，從而誤填to be stolen。 【試題解析】根據(jù)句意，這里是被動(dòng)，由have sth done（使某物被做）可知，空格處應(yīng)該填steal的過去分詞作補(bǔ)語。本句意為：前幾天在公交車上他的手表被人偷了。 【參考答案】stolen 不定式作賓補(bǔ) ?Father will not allow us to play on the street. 爸爸不允許我們?cè)诮稚贤嫠！? 1.（2019·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空）China's image is improving steadily, with more countrie

48、s__________ its role in international affairs. A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized 【解析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：中國的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升，更多的國家認(rèn)識(shí)到中國在國際事務(wù)中的作用?！案嗟膰摇焙汀罢J(rèn)識(shí)”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用with + 名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。 【答案】A 2.(2018·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空)I need a new passport so I will have to h

49、ave my photographs___________. A. taking B. taken C. being taken D. take 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我需要一個(gè)新護(hù)照，所以我將不得不拍照片。本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，賓語my photograph與補(bǔ)足語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。C項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行。故選B。 【答案】B 3. Unless ________, the fridge won’t work properly. A. repairing B. having re

50、paired C. being repaired D. repaired 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：除非維修，否則冰箱不能正常工作。在作狀語的分詞前?？杉右粋€(gè)時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語的引導(dǎo)詞來表示邏輯關(guān)系。本題中the fridge與repair之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞，故選D。 【答案】D 4. —What’s in the parcel? —Some clothes ________ to our son this afternoon. A. sent B. being sent C. to send D. t

51、o be sent 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：＂那個(gè)包裹里面裝著什么？＂＂一些下午要送給兒子的衣服。＂由this afternoon可知，此處表示將來的動(dòng)作，故用不定式形式；又由于clothes和send之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D。 【答案】D 5. The young actor has broken his marriage faith with his wife for another actress, ________ much comment against him in blogs. A. setting off B. to set apart C. se

52、tting forth D. to set on 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)年輕演員為了另一個(gè)女演員打破了他與妻子的婚姻信仰，引發(fā)了博客里面很多反對(duì)他的評(píng)論。set off出發(fā)，引發(fā)，引爆，使開始；set apart分開，分離；set forth啟程，出發(fā)，詳盡地解釋，展示；set on開始，著手。根據(jù)語境可知A項(xiàng)正確?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表示自然而然的結(jié)果，而不定式作狀語表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。 【答案】A 6. ________ a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven

53、’t saved enough money. A. Buy B. Buying C. Bought D. Having bought 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：買一套新房對(duì)這對(duì)年輕夫婦來說是不可能的，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有攢到足夠的錢。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少主語，所以用動(dòng)名詞作主語，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 7. Every book ________ from the library should be returned on time. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D.

54、borrowed 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：從圖書館借的每本書都要按時(shí)歸還。句中用分詞作定語，every book和borrow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞，故選D。 【答案】D 8. ________ from J. K. Rowling’s book series of the same title, the Harry Potter movies are universally acknowledged as classics. A. Adapting B. Having adapted C. Adapted D. To be adapte

55、d 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：改編自J.K.羅琳的同名小說，《哈利?波特》系列電影被普遍認(rèn)為是經(jīng)典影片。句中用分詞作狀語，movies和adapt之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，用過去分詞，故選C。 【答案】C 9. ________ to teaching, as we know, contributes to his popularity with his students. A. To devote B. Devoted C. Being devoted D. Devoting 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：正如我們知道的那樣，對(duì)教學(xué)的熱愛使得

56、他受到學(xué)生的愛戴。be devoted to獻(xiàn)身于，熱愛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少主語，所以用動(dòng)名詞作主語，故選C。 【答案】C 10. Please speak aloud to make yourself _________ (hear). 【解析】根據(jù)句意，這里是被動(dòng)，由make sth done（使某物被做）可知，空格處應(yīng)該填hear的過去分詞作補(bǔ)語。本句意為：請(qǐng)大聲點(diǎn)講以便讓別人聽見。 【答案】heard I. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1.（2019﹒江蘇卷﹒單項(xiàng)填空）__________ the convenience of digital payment, many seni

57、or citizens started to use smart phones. A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy 【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處是不定式作目的狀語。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的方便，很多老年市民開始使用智能手機(jī)。故選A。 2.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)I卷﹒語法填空）Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __

58、_64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. 【答案】to perform 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語，句意：跟蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只是在二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來開始采用，并且在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的，故此處用to perform。 3.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)I卷﹒語法填空）Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…

59、 【答案】noting 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞by可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式，故填noting。 4.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)II卷﹒短文改錯(cuò)）All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. 【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football. 【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：操場上所有的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)

60、員大聲歡呼，說我有足球天賦。句中謂語動(dòng)詞為cheered，say在這里作伴隨狀語。與主語players是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故將say改為saying。 5.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)II卷﹒語法填空）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 【答案】 being 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞for可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語，故填being。 6.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)II

61、卷﹒語法填空）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___declared__(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】to retire 【解析】考查不定式作定語。此處用to do sth作后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞plan,表示“……的計(jì)劃”，故填to retire。 7.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)II卷﹒語法填空）When we got a call ___68___ (say) she was s

62、hort-listed，we thought it was ___a__ joke. 【答案】saying 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語，解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying。 8.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)III卷﹒語法填空）On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. 【答案】to ret

63、ire 【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我們作者還沒有到達(dá)那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺謂語，此處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞，故填to get。 9.（2019﹒新課標(biāo)III卷﹒語法填空）On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting

64、locals. 【答案】listening 【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句謂語動(dòng)詞為“were invited”，所以70題空格處動(dòng)詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。聽音樂這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由we發(fā)出的，所以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，and后meeting interesting locals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。 10.（2019﹒浙江卷﹒語法填空）When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,… 【答案】cycling 【解析

65、】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诤诎档脑绯坎叫谢蝌T車上學(xué)時(shí)，汽車司機(jī)很容易看到它們。or連接兩個(gè)并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。 11.（2019﹒浙江卷﹒語法填空）But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. 【答案】to wear 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿校服。want to do sth想要做某事，這里是動(dòng)詞不定式作to的賓語。故填to wear。 12.（2019﹒北京卷﹒語法填空）Nervously ___2___ (

66、face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 【答案】facing 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：緊張地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，我知道我將輕聲對(duì)自己說兩個(gè)簡單的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此處是作句子的狀語，要用非謂語動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語是I，與邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填facing。 13. The man ________ the fake news that 18 firefighters lost their lives in the explosion was arrested. A. having circulating B. to circulate C. circulating D. to have circulated 【答案】C 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：傳播18名火警在爆炸中喪生了的這條假消息的人被逮捕了。傳播假消息與the man 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語， 故選C。 【點(diǎn)睛】區(qū)分非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主