2018-2019版高中英語 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained走進(jìn)高考 文化品格滲透 牛津譯林必修2

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1、 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained 試題出處 試題信息 語篇概要 文化品格 2016·江蘇卷 閱讀理解C 介紹厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的由來、影響及危害，希望人們對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。 了解自然，探索自然，降低自然災(zāi)害造成的損失。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 El Ni?o，a Spanish term for “the Christ child，” was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which ha

2、ppens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Ni?o sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round. The weather effects，both good and bad，

3、are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Ni?os，on balance，than they lose.A study found that a strong Ni?o in 1997-98 helped America’s economy grow by 15 billion，partly because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricu

4、ltural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones. But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multi-year drought(干旱) in south-east Brazil is becoming worse.Though heavy rains brought about by El Ni?o may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause sur

5、face flooding and other disasters. The most recent powerful Ni?o，in 1997-98，killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth 36 billion around the globe.But such Ni?os come with months of warning，and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas De

6、velopment Institute(ODI)，however，just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction. Simple improvements

7、to infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr

8、 Hsiang and co-authors，civil conflict is related to El Ni?o’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing an

9、d wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Ni?o，reducing their losses needs to be the priority. 61．What can we learn about El Ni?o in Paragraph 1? A．It is named after a South American fisherman. B．It takes place almost every year a

10、ll over the world. C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas. D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“El Ni?o sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwar

11、ds weaken，or sometimes the other way round.”可知，在海洋厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象發(fā)生時會有洋流的變化。 62．What may El Ni?os bring about to the countries affected? A．Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall. B．Droughts become more harmful than floods. C．Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses. D．Poor countries suf

12、fer less from droughts economically. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Rich countries gain more from powerful Ni?os，on balance，than they lose.”可知，富裕國家因厄爾尼諾得到的東西要比它們失去的多。 63．The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that . A．more investment should go to risk reduction B．governments of poor co

13、untries need more aid C．victims of El Ni?o deserve more compensation D．recovery and reconstruction should come first 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句中的“...however，just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance...”可知，以往政府對減少風(fēng)險的投入太少，應(yīng)該加大投資以降低厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象造成的損失。

14、 64．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce El Ni?o and its origin. B．To explain the consequences of El Ni?o. C．To show ways of fighting against El Ni?o. D．To urge people to prepare for El Ni?o. 答案　D 解析　寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中的“helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk...”可判斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是呼吁人們?yōu)槎驙柲嶂Z現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好準(zhǔn)備。 3