2020年高考英語(yǔ) 專題九 七選五議論、應(yīng)用類專練（含解析）

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1、 專題九：七選五議論，應(yīng)用類專練 （90分鐘 100分） 考點(diǎn)01：冠詞 3顆星 考點(diǎn)03：介詞和介詞短語(yǔ) 2顆星 考點(diǎn)04: 名詞 3顆星 考點(diǎn)05：主謂一致 5顆星 考點(diǎn)06：形容詞和副詞 5顆星 考點(diǎn)08：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 5顆星 考點(diǎn)09：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 5顆星 考點(diǎn)10：定語(yǔ)從句 3顆星 考點(diǎn)11 名詞性從句 3顆星 考點(diǎn)12 并列連詞 4顆星 考點(diǎn)25：七選五議論文專練 5顆星 考點(diǎn)26：七選五應(yīng)用文專練 5顆星 第I卷（選擇題）（每題2分，共40分） 一．七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處

2、的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 A（考點(diǎn)25中難） ?What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More Respect As teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition (過渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits (特點(diǎn)

3、) are not yet accepted as a way of life. ①?By doing the following things, you will earn more respect. Contribute to the household At the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up.?②?All chores that you do he

4、lp to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you’re old enough and capable, why shouldn’t you contribute to the household?③ Be responsible ④?Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household

5、, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase. Solve more of your own problem without asking for help Instead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your o

6、wn first. The "easy way" is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems.?⑤?When you become a good problem solver, you increase your value to the community. A. Everyone has ce

7、rtain responsibilities. B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner. C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help. D. This includes. But is not limited to, your dishes and your room. E. It will make your life more pleasant. F. Depending on

8、 the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline. G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough. B（考點(diǎn)25中難） Life can be a lonely thing without friends. Acquaintances（熟人）are easy to come by but true friends are a whole other story.①_______ Learn these four steps if you'd like to be a

9、 true friend that can be relied on. ●Be present for their highs and lows. If you're absent during my struggle，don't expect to be present during my success. —Will Smith It's easy to be there for our friends when they ask us out for fun things. ②_______ You might not feel comfortable while spendi

10、ng time with an emotionally weak person on the verge of tears，but true friends are always there when they're needed the most. ●③_______ When people talk，listen completely. Most people never listen. —Ernest Hemingway Give your friends the gift of silence so they can dro

11、p their baggage and get on with living. ●Accept them as they are. Happiness can exist only in acceptance. —George Orwell If you can't accept people as they are，you will never know the feeling of true friendship.④_______ ●Forgive the past. Holding onto anger is like drinking

12、 poison and expecting the other person to die. —Buddha ⑤_______ If so，you should understand that even the best of us suffer from the occasional slip of the tongue. Holding onto anger over a small mistake will make you look petty（小氣的），so let it go. A. Know when to be silent. B. Offe

13、r your encouragement. C. But are you willing to be there for the hard times that are the opposite of fun？ D. The best way to develop meaningful connections with true friends you can trust is to become a true friend yourself. E. Have you ever shouted at a person when you were feeling stressed and

14、wished you could take it back？ F. Never hesitate to speak your thoughts and feelings. G. Never attempt to "fix" them，no matter how crazy their action might make you. C（考點(diǎn)26中難） Five Things Ambitious People Never Say ◆“I can't do this-it's too hard." Ambitious people never limit themselves or un

15、dervalue hard work with these words.①_______. ◆“I'm not good enough." Ambitious people never say they are not good enough. Saying you are not good enough holds you back and makes you easy to quit when things get a little rough. And quitting when things get a little rough is never a good thing. The

16、 most successful people in the world are not quitters.②_______Be confident and believe in yourself, or no one else will. ◆“I won't make it through the obstacles." Challenges and obstacles are tests of your resolve and desire to succeed.③_______They say they will make it because they know better th

17、ings lie ahead-the sun always shines after the storm. ◆④_______ The only time people won't take you seriously is if you don't take yourself seriously. Insisting that people won't take you seriously is an excuse not to do what you know you should do. Ambitious people never say these words. Start re

18、specting yourself and honoring what you do and people will respect and take you seriously. ◆“I'm going to fail for sure." ⑤_______It can teach you valuable lessons and redirect you to the right path. Ambitious people don't say they are going to fail and let that stop them from trying. They challen

19、ge the fear of failure by taking calculated risks because they know the only time you are truly defeated is when you don't try at all. A. "People won't take me seriously." B. "People think me impossible." C. Ambitious people say they can do everything well. D. Ambitious people n

20、ever say they won't make it through the hard times. E. They are hard workers who believe in themselves and their abilities. F. Failure is not entirely bad. G. They tell themselves they can do it. D（考點(diǎn)26中難） How to Make Friends ??? Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone

21、 needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and improves health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. ①____________ But

22、for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends. ??? Associate with others. ??? The first step in making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need

23、 to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places. ??? Start a conversation ??? Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.②____________ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating wi

24、th other people. ??? ③____________ ??? Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. ??? Let it grow ??? It is a good thing to stay in touch. Howev

25、er, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.④____________ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. ??? Enjoy your friendship ??? The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow you

26、r friends to be themselves.⑤____________ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you. A. Be cheerful. B. Do things together. C. Do not wait to be spoken to. D. Try not to find faults (缺點(diǎn)) with your friends

27、. E. Making new friends comes easy for some people. F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 第II卷（非選擇題）（每題1.5分，共60分） 語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 （1） Liu Sijiang(teacher):The Net improves the speed of c

28、ommunication, but there are many people who lie on it Therefore,it is natural that some people are ①__________考點(diǎn)06 (worry)about the girl in Nanjing, who made friends with an American teacher by email. ??? Xu Yong (student) : These days, ②__________考點(diǎn)08 (make) friends online is a part of many people

29、’s lives. I think we can make good and helpful friends online, just like the girl from Nanjing. So don’t be afraid to do?③__________?考點(diǎn)11 you think is right. ??? Ding Yixiang ( student ): As the most ④__________考點(diǎn) 06 (importance) communication tool at present, the Internet helps us to know and unde

30、rstand world affairs. ⑤__________?is also easy to make friends with foreigners through your keyboard ⑥__________, 考點(diǎn)06 a “ friend”might lie to you. Only if young people can control themselves well and know what is good and what is bad, making friends on the Net should not be ⑦_(dá)_________?考點(diǎn)01 problem

31、 at all. ??? Zhou Jian ( student) : It is hard to say ⑧__________?考點(diǎn)11 or not it is good to make friends on the Internet. In fact, some bad and harmful things have indeed happened. However, I like to make friends online. I often share my happiness and sadness ⑨__________?考點(diǎn)03 my friends there. They

32、 can offer me some advice ⑩__________?考點(diǎn)12 tell me how to solve problems when I am in trouble. ??? （2） Gabi Rizea only discovered his talent for woodcarving three years ago, and has since put ①????????to good use, saving dozens of old tree stumps (樹樁) from②?????????考點(diǎn)08 (remove) by turning

33、them into impressive works of art. ???? Rizea became a woodcarver③????????考點(diǎn)06 (complete) by accident. Three years ago, after buying himself a new chainsaw (鏈鋸), he ④????????考點(diǎn)09 (start) “playing” with it on a block of wood. He tried carving a human face into the wood, and to his surprise, it turne

34、d out pretty good.??? Today, he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art ⑤????????考點(diǎn)09 (create) in the local parks. ???? “In 99% of the cases, the wood just doesn’t match my ideas,” he said in an interview. “I firs

35、t have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes,⑥????????考點(diǎn)11 is left isn’t enough for my designs.” ???? Following his recent rise to fame, Rizea has been asked by many⑦????????考點(diǎn) 04 (city), including the capital of Romania to transform their old tree trunks⑧????????考點(diǎn)03 works of art. He promi

36、sed to honor their requests, but he will never repeat any of the artworks⑨????????考點(diǎn)08 (find) in his home city. ???? In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian⑩????????考點(diǎn)04 (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving. （3） Would you like to explore(勘探) the o

37、ceans? Do you want to find?①____________ 考點(diǎn)06 life than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was "yes". His career was a lifelong dream, and he has been ②____________ 考點(diǎn)06 (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times. ??? Cousteau was born in France in 1910. Even?③______

38、______ 考點(diǎn) 03 a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright,?④____________?考點(diǎn)12 he got bored with school and began to cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally ⑤____________ 考點(diǎn)09 (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he se

39、rved as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. worked?⑥____________?考點(diǎn)03 a breathing machine to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943. ??? In 1948,Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the ocea

40、ns. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship ⑦_(dá)___________考點(diǎn)08 (help) with his dives. But he ⑧____________ 考點(diǎn)09 (need) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of hooks. His films include

41、 The Silent World(1956) and World Without Sun (1966). One of his books is The Living Sea (1963). ??? In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society,?⑨____________考點(diǎn)10?function was to further oceanic research arid encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them. ??? Cousteau won many

42、 honors for his work, ⑩____________ 考點(diǎn)03 (include) the Presidential Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989. （4） Language is always changing. In a society ①?__________考點(diǎn)10 life continues year after year with few changes, the language does not change either. The earliest know

43、n languages had difficult grammar ?②__________考點(diǎn)12 a small, limited vocabulary. Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the ③__________(sixteen) century gave names to all the new plants and animals they④__

44、________考點(diǎn)09 (find). In this way, hundreds of new words ⑤__________考點(diǎn)09 (introduce) into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life ⑥__________考點(diǎn)09 (change) very fast, and language is changing fast too. ??? There ⑦_(dá)_________(be) several major language families in the world. Some scientists say th

45、ere are nine main families, but other scientists divide them ⑧__________考點(diǎn)06 (different). The languages in each family are connected, and scientists think it is the same parent language ⑨__________they came from. About 3 percent of the people in the world speak languages ⑩__________考點(diǎn)10 are not in t

46、hese major families. 參考答案 一、七選五 A、答案：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. F 解析： 1. 前句中出現(xiàn)的manners和B選項(xiàng)中的manners和traits 恰好呼應(yīng),語(yǔ)義上也能起到承上啟下的作用,所以判斷B選項(xiàng)正確。 2. 前文講你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)自己收拾衛(wèi)生,而D選項(xiàng)恰好能承接上文,故D選項(xiàng)正確。 3. 本段內(nèi)容是建議青少年要學(xué)會(huì)做家務(wù)活來(lái)幫助家人,所以所填句子應(yīng)該和幫忙做家務(wù)有關(guān)。而且從段落安排上看，最后一句話應(yīng)該起到總結(jié)概括作用，由此判斷C選項(xiàng)正確。 4. 由后句Whether th

47、ey are basic things可以推斷前句應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)they所替代的名詞,而根據(jù)下文舉的例子like brushing your teeth or doing your homework等知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境.能引領(lǐng)下文。A項(xiàng)句意:每個(gè)人都有一定的責(zé)任。 5. 在本段中作者建議人們不要輕易向人求助,要在自己努力而未果的情況下去找人幫忙,縱觀選項(xiàng),只有F選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境, 能承接上文。 B、答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. G 5. E C、答案：1. G 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. F D、答案：1. E 2. C 3. B

48、4. G 5. D 解析： 每個(gè)人都需要朋友,朋友間的友誼能夠促進(jìn)健康并且提升自我價(jià)值。那么當(dāng)你搬到一個(gè)陌生的地方,怎樣才能交到新朋友呢?在文中作者提出了有關(guān)結(jié)交新朋友和維持友誼的幾點(diǎn)建議。首先,要走出去和別人接觸。其次,要主動(dòng)和別人談話。再次,要讓友誼慢慢發(fā)展,而不要急于求成。 1. E根據(jù)But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.可知前句應(yīng)該從意思上和后句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,縱觀選項(xiàng)可知E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,句意:對(duì)于某些人來(lái)說(shuō)結(jié)交新朋友很容易。故選E。 2. C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處是關(guān)于如何和別人開始對(duì)話,而

49、C選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容恰好和能夠承接上下文,句意:不要等著別人和你說(shuō)話,你也可以先開口說(shuō)話。故選C。 3. B在本段中作者認(rèn)為共同的興趣和愛好會(huì)讓人們聚在一起,和這樣的人做朋友是很快樂的事情。由此可知B選項(xiàng)是本段內(nèi)容的概括。句意是:要在一起做事情。故選B。 4. G根據(jù)上下文可知作者認(rèn)為友誼的培養(yǎng)需要時(shí)間,頻繁的電話或短信會(huì)讓人疲倦,不利于友誼的培養(yǎng),縱觀選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)內(nèi)容恰好能起到承上啟下的作用,所以G選項(xiàng)正確。 5. D根據(jù)上下文可知作者在此段講述如何享受朋友間的關(guān)系,提到不要試圖改變朋友,要讓朋友做真正的自己,由此可知D選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容恰好符合語(yǔ)境。句意:不要對(duì)朋友挑剔。故選D。 二、語(yǔ)法填空

50、 （1）答案：worried; making; what; important; It; However; a; whether; with; and 解析： 1.?考査形容詞。be worried about對(duì)......擔(dān)心。 2.?考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。 3.?考查賓語(yǔ)從句。what引導(dǎo)do的賓語(yǔ)從句。 4.?考查形容詞。句意:做為最重要的交流工具,網(wǎng)絡(luò)讓我們了解世界上發(fā)生的事情。 5.?考查代詞。It is adj to do,it做形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面不定式。 6.?考查副詞。句意:然而,朋友是不會(huì)對(duì)你說(shuō)謊的。 7.?考査冠詞。a在這表示泛指。 8

51、. 考查主語(yǔ)從句,whether...or not是否。 9. 考査介詞。share sth with sb與某人分享某物。 10.考查連詞。句意:他們提供給我一些建議并告訴我如何在困難中解決問題。 （2）答案： it; being removed; completely; started; have been created; what; cities; into; found; artist 解析： 1.?put后缺賓語(yǔ),故需要填代詞,此處it代替前面的talent, put it to good use投入使用。故填it。 2.?在介詞from后,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-i

52、ng形式。保護(hù)樹樁不被移走,而是變成藝術(shù)品。樹樁與移走是被動(dòng)。故填being removed。 3.?此處修飾謂語(yǔ)became。故填completely。 4.?此處用過去時(shí),因?yàn)闀r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為three years ago。故填 started。 5.?此句中用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far,所以時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),作品與創(chuàng)作是被動(dòng)。故填have been created。 6.?此處為主語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)。故填what。 7.?此處跟在many后用復(fù)數(shù)。故填cities。 8. 固定搭配:transform…into…把......轉(zhuǎn)化成?。故填into。 9.?此處found為過去分

53、詞作定語(yǔ),修飾artworks,作品與發(fā)現(xiàn)是被動(dòng)。故填found。 10.?此處指的是Gabi Rizea,所以指人,Romanian是形容詞,修飾名詞。故填artist。 （3）答案：1. more 2. probably 3. as 4. but/yet 5. was challenged 6. on 7. to help 8. needed 9. whose 10. including 解析： 本文主要介紹了法國(guó)著名的海洋科學(xué)家 Cousteau的相關(guān)情況。 1.?more考查固定搭配。more... than..."比起?更?"。 2.?probably考査

54、副詞。他可能是近代最著名的海洋科學(xué)家。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞,故填probably。 3.?as考查介詞。共至當(dāng)他還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候,他就愛上了水。 as表示”在某一年齡段時(shí)"。 4.?but/yet考査連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,應(yīng)用 but/yet 。 5.?was challenged考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。在那甩,他最終受到了激勵(lì)。由全文的時(shí)態(tài)可知,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí);Cousteau是被激勵(lì)的,故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 6.?on考査介詞。work on sth."努力改善(或完成)某事”。 7.?to help考査動(dòng)詞不定式。他還買了一艘船來(lái)幫助他潛水。此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。

55、8.?needed考査時(shí)態(tài)。由前面的"bought"可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。 9.?whose考査定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾"function",故填whose。 10.?including考査介詞。Cousteau贏得了很多榮譽(yù),包括(including)總統(tǒng)自由勛章和1989年獲得的法國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)員身份。 （4）答案：where; but; sixteen; had found/found; were introduced; is changing; are; differently; that; that/which 解析：1

56、.考查定語(yǔ)從句。 2.考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文判斷為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 3.考查序數(shù)詞。此處根據(jù)定冠詞the判斷為序數(shù)詞形式。 4.考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前文可知用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)或者過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 5.考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)前后文可知是過去時(shí)間,且表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 6.考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后文and language is changing fast too可知。 7.考查there be結(jié)構(gòu)。 8.考查副詞。此處為副詞修飾divide。 9.考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 10.考查定語(yǔ)從句。修飾先行詞languages,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故用that或which。 13