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1、Unit 1 Lifestyles一、語基必備知識(一)重點詞匯分類記憶.閱讀詞匯知其意1questionnaire n問卷；調(diào)查表2lifestyle n. 生活方式3cartoon n. 卡通片，動畫片4portable adj. 輕便的，手提(式)的5paperwork n. 日常文書工作6midnight n. 午夜，半夜7expert n. 專家8volunteer n. 志愿者9diet n. 飲食；節(jié)食10accountant n. 會計，會計師11advertisement n. 廣告12classical adj. 古典的13cycle vi. 騎自行車14sickness
2、n. 疾病15nearby adj. 附近的_adv. 在附近.核心詞匯寫其形1matter vi. 要緊，有重大關(guān)系2suppose vt. 認為，猜想3switch vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)變4remote adj. 遙遠的5document n. 公文，文件6partner n. 合作者，搭檔7stand vt. 忍耐，忍受8challenge n. 挑戰(zhàn)9support vt.& n. 支持；支撐10distance n. 距離11dial vt. 撥(電話號碼)12design n& vt. 設(shè)計13otherwise adv. 否則；另外14forecast n. 預(yù)報；預(yù)測15style
3、 n. 風(fēng)格，作風(fēng).拓展詞匯通其變1peaceful adj. 平靜的；和平的peace n. 和平peacefully adv. 和平地2relaxing adj. 輕松的，放松的relax vt. & vi. 放松relaxed adj. 放松的；輕松的3stress n壓力stressful adj.充滿壓力的，緊張的stressed adj. 受壓的4alarm n. 警報，警告器 alarmed adj. 害怕的 alarming adj. 令人驚恐的5urgent adj. 急迫的，緊急的urgently adv. 緊急地urgency n. 緊急；催促6bored adj. 厭煩
4、的，不感興趣的boring adj. 沒趣的；令人厭倦(或厭煩)的7suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛suffering n. 痛苦，苦難sufferer n. 受害者8pressure n. 壓力press v. 按；壓9social adj. 社交的；社會的 socially adv. 社會地 society n. 社會10reduce vt. 減少；降低reduction n. 減少；降低11organise vt. 組織 organisation n. 組織12prefer vt. 更喜歡；寧愿preference n. 偏愛preferable adj. 更合適的13gra
5、duate vi. 畢業(yè) graduation n. 畢業(yè)14presentation n. 表演；展示 present v. 呈現(xiàn)15formal adj. 正式的，合禮儀的informal adj. 非正式的16crowd n. 人群，一伙人crowded adj. 擁擠的1.好“事”多磨incident事件matter 事件，問題affair 事務(wù)，私事issue 問題，事情event 事件，大事2.學(xué)會“容忍(忍受)”beartoleratestandsufferput up with3.“支持，擁護”家族advocate vt.提倡；擁護back vt. 支持support vt.
6、支持，幫助stand by/for 支持in favour of 支持，贊同 (二)重點短語記牢用活1switch_on/off/over把開關(guān)打開，接通/把關(guān)掉，關(guān)上/轉(zhuǎn)換頻道，轉(zhuǎn)變2go_off (爆竹、鈴等)響3take_up 占據(jù)；開始從事4be_filled_with 充滿著5suffer_from 忍受，遭受6free_of 免受；擺脫7put_pressure_on. 給施加壓力8be_prepared_for. 為做好準備9at_the_moment 此刻，目前10get_changed 換衣服，更衣11take_turns_to_do_sth. 輪流做某事12play_a_r
7、ole/part_in. 在中起作用13come_up_with 追上，趕上；想出，找到14look_forward_to 盼望，期望15as_well_as 除之外還；既又16make_a_difference 有影響；起作用1.“v.off”短語聚會go off(爆竹、鈴等)響take off (飛機)起飛；脫掉cut off 切斷；斷絕give off 放出put off 推遲，拖延pay off 償清；回報2.“v.up”短語全接觸take up 占據(jù)；開始從事go up 上升break up 分裂；打碎build up 逐漸增強；建立hang up 掛起來；掛斷電話pick up (
8、無意中)學(xué)會；撿起；開車去接3.“v.upwith”短語大聚會come up with追上，趕上；想出catch up with 趕上；追上keep up with 跟上put up with 容忍；忍受make up with 與和解/和好break up with 與分手 (三)重點句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：do you think你認為(用作插入語)What kind of lifestyles do_you_think the men in the pictures have？你認為圖中的人有什么樣的生活方式呢？句型2：the序數(shù)詞n.to do sth.I am alway
9、s the first person to_get_to_the_office.我總是第一個到達辦公室的人。句型3：find賓語賓語補足語I find_painting_or_drawing_very_relaxing.我發(fā)現(xiàn)畫畫很令人放松。句型4：so.that.如此以至于Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地鐵很擁擠，我很難找到座位。句型5：the same.that.We dont have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.我
10、們和這個城市里在辦公室工作的人的上班時間不同。二、語境強化訓(xùn)練.語境填詞根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式1Having settled in that remote(遙遠的) area for a year, the young man finally adapted to the weather.2(2019江蘇卷)From the design(設(shè)計) and colour of our uniforms, the British friends will learn more about our school.3Robert cant stand(忍受) catching the bus, s
11、o he always goes to work by bike.4What matters(很重要) is not your appearance but your ability.5(2019江蘇卷)Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support(支撐) a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head.6What
12、 are you doing now，Tom？You are supposed(suppose) to go to bed.7The father is out of work, so the pressure(press) of the poor family is beyond my imagination.8Although the world is full of sufferings(suffer), it is also full of the overcoming of it.9The young girl will be offered a good job as soon a
13、s she graduates (graduate) from college.10(2019天津卷)To many people，technology means computers, handheld devices, or vehicles that travel to distant(distance) planets.派生詞練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Listen to the music to relax yourself. In fact, the relaxing music will make most of us feel relaxed(relax)2As a gradu
14、ate from a famous university, she was offered a good job after her graduation(graduate)3They suffered a lot in the war. One of the sufferers told of her sufferings in the war.(suffer)4The film League of Gods was really boring,_which made some audience bored. They got up and left.(bore)5The two count
15、ries both love a peaceful life, so they often settle the arguments peacefully(peace).選詞成篇take up; be fond of; look forward to; be free of; make a difference; over the years; come up withI 1.am_fond_of music. When I 2.am_free_of homework, I prefer playing the guitar to playing the piano. 3.Over_the_y
16、ears,_Ive improved it a lot.But whenever I 4.take_up my piano, I always 5.look_forward_to your help.Could you e_up_with some advice on how to improve my skills? Im sure it will 7.make_a_difference to me.go off; switch on; switch over; be filled with; suffer from; at the moment; be designed for; be b
17、ored withJamie is very busy 8.at_the_moment. In his opinion, our life 9.is_filled_with challenges and chances which 10.are_designed_for those who work hard, so he would rather 11.suffer_from being homesick.Every morning the moment his alarm clock 12.goes_off,_he gets up and starts to work hard.In hi
18、s spare time, he either listens to soft music to relax himself or 13.switches_on the TV to watch news. However, he seldom 14.switches_over to watch TV series because he 15.is_bored_with them.完成句子1你認為誰是我們班最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生？Who_do_you_think is the best student in our class?2探索新地方是很有趣的，即使你知道你并不是第一個到過那里的。Its fun t
19、o explore new places, even though you know you are not the_first_to_have_been_there3我們到達那里時， 發(fā)現(xiàn)那座房子被毀掉了。 When we arrived there, we found_the_house_ruined4湯姆非常誠實，因而受到了老師的贊揚。Tom was so_honest_a_boy_that he was praised by the teacher.5這就是我昨天在朋友家讀的那本書。This book is the_same_that I read in my friends home
20、 yesterday. mattervi.要緊，有重大關(guān)系n物質(zhì)；問題；毛病基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空For most of the people in the hall, it is just a matter of taste.It is your attitude towards your classmates that really matters(matter)To make matters(matter) worse, the doctor was late again that morning.能力提升完成句子你失敗多少次都不要緊；要緊的是你有多少次站起來并再次嘗試。It_doesnt
21、_matter how many times you fail; what_matters is how many times you stand up and try again.堅持不懈，難也變易。Keep trying no_matter_how_hard_it_seems and it will get easier.,(1)It doesnt matter.沒關(guān)系。It matters/doesnt matter (to sb.)主語從句 (對某人來說)有關(guān)系，重要/沒關(guān)系，不重要。(2)Whats the matter (with.)? ()怎么了？a matter of. 一個的
22、問題as a matter of fact 實際上，不瞞你說，事實上to make matters worse(whats worse) 更糟糕的是 supposevt.認為，猜想；假設(shè)；應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該 基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(北京卷)The college years are supposed to_be(be) a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity.Will it rain today?I suppose so. There are so many dark clouds in
23、the sky!Supposing/Suppose(suppose) the plane is delayed, what shall we do?能力提升完成句子/句式升級政府應(yīng)該采取有效措施保護環(huán)境。The government is_supposed_to_take_effective_measures_to protect the environment. 環(huán)境已經(jīng)大大地影響了人們的日常生活。The environment has_greatly_affected peoples daily life.用非限制性定語從句合并The_government_is_supposed_to_t
24、ake_effective_measures_to_protect_the_environment,_which_has_greatly_affected_peoples_daily_life. (1)suppose sb./sth.(to be).認為某人/某事be supposed to do 應(yīng)該做/本該做(而未做)I suppose so 我想是這樣I suppose not 我想不會的I suppose(I think) 我認為(常用作插入語)(2)suppose/supposing(that). 假使，假定名師點津 (1)當(dāng)主語是第一人稱suppose, think, believ
25、e, imagine等接賓語從句時，其反意疑問句要與從句保持一致。(2)在suppose后可用so或not來代替that從句，避免重復(fù)表達過的想法。 switchvt.轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)變n開關(guān)；改變，轉(zhuǎn)變基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(全國卷)The nursery team switches(switch) him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，the other is with mumshe never suspects.I parked the car, switched off the engine
26、 and got off.I switched over to CCTV5 to watch the basketball match.The girl often switches on her computer as soon as she gets to the office.(全國卷)For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. (1)switch off 把關(guān)掉，關(guān)上switch on 把開關(guān)打開，接通switch(
27、.)to. (把)變換/轉(zhuǎn)移到switch over 轉(zhuǎn)換頻道，轉(zhuǎn)變switch into 接入(2)make a switch 進行改變佳句背誦 Make a switch from publishing to teaching.由出版工作改做教學(xué)工作。 suffervi.& vt.遭受(痛苦或困難)，受苦；經(jīng)受(損失等)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Our life is becoming better and better while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger.(2019浙江卷6月)The
28、 loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had_suffered(suffer) the greatest water shortage.It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering(suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months.能力提升完成句子/句式升級(普通表達)He had_never_suffered_such_a_great_loss(從未遭受過這么大的損失) before in his lif
29、e, so he almost lost the hope for life.(高級表達)Never before in his life had_he_suffered_such_a_great_loss,_so he almost lost the hope for life.(倒裝)(高級表達)Not having_suffered_such_a_great_loss before in his life, he almost lost the hope for life.(分詞作狀語) (1)suffer作及物動詞時，指遭受一般的痛苦、損害等，其賓語常為loss，pain，punish
30、ment，defeat, hardship, disappointment等。(2)suffer from受苦；患病(3)suffering n. 受苦；苦難 佳句背誦 Neilson considers herself lucky though she suffered injuries.盡管受了傷，尼爾森還是認為自己很幸運。(湖北卷)All day and all night it snowed, and the city began to suffer from a general traffic jam.大雪不分晝夜地下，全城開始陷入交通大擁堵。詞塊助記 suffer from a h
31、eart attack心臟病發(fā)作suffer a great deal from cold and hunger饑寒交迫 reducevt.減少；降低基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce(reduce) air pollution.With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.It was foggy so the dr
32、iver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.能力提升完成句子減少壓力最有效的方式之一就是與你信任的人聊聊你的感受。One_of_the_most_effective_ways_to_reduce_stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.reduce.by.把減少了reduce.to. 把減少到；把變?yōu)閎e reduced to 陷入某種境地(to為介詞) 佳句背誦 It turns out that just looking at green, gro
33、wing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情緒)結(jié)果證明看綠色的、生長的東西可以減少壓力，降低血壓，使人們的心情變得更好。(2019全國卷)聯(lián)想發(fā)散 reducedecrease(同義詞)；reduceincrease,_rise(反義詞) prefervt.(preferred，preferred，preferring)更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Im quite satisfied, and I prefer renting su
34、ch an apartment to buying(buy) one.Unlike fastfood places, fine dining shops prefer customers to_stay(stay) longer and spend more time.(2019天津卷)Several reasons may account for my preference(prefer) for western painting.能力提升一句多譯我寧愿過簡單的生活也不愿浪費有限的資源。I prefer_to_live_simply_rather_than_waste the limited
35、 resources. (prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)I prefer_living_simply_to_wasting the limited resources. (prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)I would_live_simply_rather_than_waste the limited resources. (would do sth. rather than do sth.)I would_rather_live_simply_than_waste the limited resources. (w
36、ould rather do sth. than do sth.) (1)prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.相對于更喜歡(做)prefer to do sth.更喜歡做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 希望/愿意某人做某事(2)(3)preference n偏愛；優(yōu)先權(quán)；偏愛的事物 佳句背誦 I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month.在下個月的歡迎儀式上，與中國的傳統(tǒng)服裝相比，我更喜歡校服。(201
37、9江蘇卷)名師點津 (1)prefer不用于進行時。(2)prefer相當(dāng)于like better，所以prefer不可與比較級連用。 standvt.忍受；經(jīng)受vi.站立；處于(某種狀態(tài))n看臺，立場；支架基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2018天津卷)Suddenly I sensed a man standing(stand) behind me. “Where do you think you are？” he asked.She will have to find another job, for she cant stand working(work) overtime any more.能
38、力提升完成句子(湖南卷)多蘿西在我印象中很突出，她是在偏遠地區(qū)活得很精彩的一個人。Dorothy stands_out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.在中國，中國結(jié)代表友誼、愛和好運。In China, Chinese knotting stands_for friendship, love and good luck. (1)cant stand sth./(sb.) doing sth.不能忍受某事/(某人)做某事(2)stand by袖手旁觀；支持(某人)stand for 代表，象征stand out 顯眼，突
39、出佳句背誦 The decision has been made and I have got to stand by it.決定已經(jīng)作出了，我必須要遵守。名師點津 (1)stand意為“忍受”時，常與can，could連用，用于否定句和疑問句，其后常接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式；不能用于進行時態(tài)。(2)表示“忍受”的詞匯還有bear, endure, put up with。 supportvt.支持；支撐；維持；供養(yǎng)nU支持；擁護；供養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2018天津卷)Supported(support) by you, we can surely win in the robotic
40、 competition. a.What moves me is that my parents always support me in what I want to do.bWhenever I disagree with my brother, my father comes to my support.能力提升完成句子科學(xué)家必須提出論據(jù)以支持其理論。A scientist must produce evidence in_support_of his theory. (1)support sb.in sth.在某方面支持某人(2)come to ones support 來支持某人in
41、 support of. 支持 佳句背誦 Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support. 湯姆如此獨立以至于他從來都不問父母的意見，除非他想得到他們的支持。(2019天津卷) designn設(shè)計；圖案v. 設(shè)計；計劃；企圖基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2019天津卷)Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially designed to_help(help) them succeed acad
42、emically and personally.a.Designed(design) for English beginners, the dictionaries were sold out on the day when it came out.bDesigning(design) a splendid hotel, Mr. Huxley has no time for relaxation these days.(上海卷)Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 pe
43、ople in the station. 能力提升句式升級(普通表達)This project was designed to help the students in need. But it just didnt work out as planned.(高級表達)This project designed_to_help_the_students_in_need just didnt work out as planned.(過去分詞作定語)(高級表達)This project which_was_designed_to_help_the_students_in_need just di
44、dnt work out as planned.(定語從句) (1)design sth.for.為某目的或用途而制造或計劃be designed for./to do sth. 目的是(2)故意地，蓄意地 偶然地 詞塊助記 design a car 設(shè)計汽車specially designed software 專門設(shè)計的軟件the design for the new sports centre 新體育中心的草圖a bowl with a flower design 有花卉圖案的碗 otherwiseadv.& conj.否則；另外，在其他方面基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Work harder,
45、otherwise/or you will fall behind others.I was busy then, otherwise I would_have_helped(help) you out.They got two free tickets to Canada，otherwise they would_not_have_been(not be) able to afford to go.能力提升完成句子(四川卷)在考前，我花了大量的時間做準備。否則，我不會成功地通過考試。Before the exam, I spent a large quantity of time in pr
46、eparing for it. Otherwise,_I_wouldnt_have_succeeded_in_passing_the_examand otherwise等等；及其他or otherwise 或相反；或其他情況 佳句背誦 I argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need. Otherwise well have to answer for our selfishness sooner or later.我認為我們每一個人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力去幫助有困難的人。否則，我們遲早要為我們的自私付出代價。名師
47、點津 otherwise根據(jù)句意要求，有時表達與事實相反的否定的含蓄條件，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的否定虛擬條件句，后面的主句需用虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。 distancen距離；路程；遠方基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空a.(2017浙江卷6月)Soon, it ran away off the road and disappeared in the distance.bIn my opinion, the picture painted by a famous painter looks better at a distance.a.(2019北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the di
48、stance(distant), Paul Wilson will make sure lowincome students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.b(2018天津卷)I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant(distance) campground with just enough time to get there before dark. (1)in the distance在遠方，在遠處at a distance 稍遠處
49、；離一段距離at a distance of 在距的地方(2)distant adj.遙遠的；(指人) 遠親的，冷淡的佳句背誦 Not only can the waterfall be seen in the distance, but also its sound may be heard at a distance of two miles.這個瀑布不僅在遠處就可以看到，而且它的聲音可以在兩英里外聽到。 go off(爆竹、鈴等)響；爆炸；停止運轉(zhuǎn)；(食物)變壞；離去一詞多義寫出下列句中g(shù)o off的含義It is strange that he should go off withou
50、t saying goodbye.離開It is so hot that the milk has gone off.變質(zhì)She was watching TV when the door bell went off.(門鈴)響Suddenly, all the lights in the building went off. 熄滅能力提升完成句子隨著時間的推移，一切都會好起來的。Everything will get easier as_time_goes_by住宅價格上漲，本地人買不起那兒的房子。The price of homes goes_up and people from the
51、area cannot afford to buy a house there.go against反對，違背；不利于go ahead 開始；進行g(shù)o by 逝去；過去go over 復(fù)習(xí)go through 瀏覽；經(jīng)歷；仔細檢查go out 熄滅go up (價格等)上升佳句背誦 When the bomb went off, most of the villagers were asleep.當(dāng)炸彈爆炸的時候，大多數(shù)村民在睡夢中。Our teacher asked us to go over the language points before the exams come.老師要求我們在
52、考試之前復(fù)習(xí)一下知識點。 take up站好位置以備；拿起；開始從事；占據(jù)；繼續(xù)；從事于；接受一詞多義寫出下列句中take up的含義(安徽卷)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占用(陜西卷)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.開始從事The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week.繼續(xù)Are you
53、going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受take in欺騙；理解；領(lǐng)悟；吸收take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)；從事take over 掌管，控制；取代take off 休息；起飛；突然成功；在(某段)休假 詞塊助記 take up a new job從事新的工作take over the job as a manager 接任經(jīng)理一職 take on a new look 呈現(xiàn)出嶄新面貌take off on time 正點起飛 at the moment此刻，目前；那時基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填
54、空But at the moment, school comes first.I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling.(北京卷)Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right. I will call him later.They are having a meeting, so you will have to wait for a moment.We must get ready, for the chairman will be back in a moment.at any
55、 moment 隨時，馬上for the moment 目前，暫時for a moment 一會兒in a moment 馬上，過一會兒(常用于將來時)佳句背誦 Theres no way we can afford to buy a house at the moment.眼下我們無論如何也買不起房子。 come up with趕上；提出，想出或找到(答案、想法等)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(2019全國卷)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device(裝置) that gets aro
56、und this problem: a smart keyboard.(2017浙江卷)Unfortunately, on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel.Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.能力提升詞匯/句式升級(普通表達)The project was raised at the meeting yesterday, and it attracted many peoples
57、 attention.(高級表達)The project came_up/was_come_up_with at the meeting yesterday, attracting_many_peoples_attention(分詞作狀語)come about產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生come across 偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)come on 來吧；趕快；加油come to 加起來總共；蘇醒come up 走近；上升；被提出when it comes to. 涉及；談到名師點津 come up的主語是物，表示“(計劃、建議、議題等)被提出”，為不及物動詞短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)；而come up with主語是人或團
58、體組織，表示“(某人)提出”，為及物動詞短語。 the序數(shù)詞n.to do sth.(教材P9)I am always the first person to get to the office.我總是第一個到達辦公室的人。基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空If I have any further news, you will be the first person to_know(know)As far as I know, Amy was the only person to_witness(witness) the car accident.The ability to_express(expres
59、s) an idea is as important as the idea itself.There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to_contact(contact) you failed.能力提升完成句子(2018浙江卷6月)我能說一口流利的英語，我是班上第一個出國深造的學(xué)生。I can speak fluent English and I am the_first_student_in_my_class_to_go_abroad for further study. (1)當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級等修飾或前有the next, the only, the last等時，常用不定式作后置定語。(2)動詞不定式作定語用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞，常見的有ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等。
2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Lifestyles學(xué)案 北師大版
