2019高考英語一輪核心考點探究與練習 教材復習篇 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection（含解析）新人教版必修2.doc

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Unit 4Wildlife protection【短文語法填空】Recent months have seen a return of bikes across China. With an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of 1. (drive) to schools, to workplaces or to do sightseeing, the introduction of bikesharing programs has brought the trend to a new level.The bikes 2. (equip) with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user.Theyre popular among many Chinese people as they provide 3. effective solution in places 4. its difficult to change from one kind of transport to another. Bikesharing is a 5. (green) method of transportation and 6. (provide) a more friendly experience.However, the programs have also led to problems such as 7. (legal) parking, deliberate(蓄意的) damage and theft. To deal with these problems, the pany came up with the idea of encouraging people 8. (return) the bikes to stations 9. rewarding free time for their next rides.Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address these problems, too. For example, Mobike sets a 100point credit score for each user, with 10. (point) taken in the case of bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, the bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes, up from 0.51 yuan.【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了共享單車在國內(nèi)的興起和發(fā)展情況。共享單車受到了大眾的歡迎，但是也帶來了很多問題。為了解決這些問題，經(jīng)營共享單車的公司也采取了一些措施。1driving解析：考查非謂語動詞。越來越多的人選擇騎自行車而不是開車到學校、工作場所或去觀光。根據(jù)空前的介詞 of 可知，空處應用動詞ing形式，故用driving。2are equipped解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這些自行車裝配了GPS，可以被停在公共場合的任何地方留給下一個用戶。此處是客觀性描述，且The bikes和equip之間是被動關系，故填are equipped。3an解析：考查冠詞。該處指“一種有效的解決方法”，表示泛指；effective的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填an。4where解析：考查定語從句。它們受到許多中國人的歡迎，因為它們在難以從一種交通工具轉(zhuǎn)變到另一種交通工具的地方提供了一種有效的解決辦法。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為定語從句，句中places 為先行詞，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故用where 引導該定語從句。5greener解析：考查形容詞的比較級。共享單車是一種更綠色的交通方式。根據(jù)本句中的“more friendly”可知，本空應用比較級形式與之構(gòu)成并列關系。故填greener。6provides解析：考查主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語是Bikesharing，且由本句中的“is”可知，空處應用動詞provide 的單數(shù)形式，故填provides。7illegal解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指非法停車。故填illegal，意為“非法的”。8to return解析：考查非謂語動詞。encourage sb. to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“鼓勵某人做某事”。故填to return。9by解析： 考查介詞。為了解決這些問題，公司提出了一種想法，通過獎勵人們下一次免費騎車的時間，鼓勵他們將自行車送回車站。根據(jù)語境可知，空處應用by表示方式。10points解析：考查名詞復數(shù)。摩拜公司為每個用戶設置了100分的信用評分，如有不良行為就減分。point 在此處為可數(shù)名詞，且其前沒有限定詞修飾，故填points。mercy n仁慈；寬??；憐憫(1)ask/beg for mercy 請求寬恕show mercy to sb.have/take mercy on sb.憐憫/同情/寬恕某人(2)with mercy 仁慈地without mercy 殘忍地；毫不留情地at the mercy of 任由擺布It is a mercy that.真是萬幸(教材原句)Farmers hunted us without mercy.農(nóng)民們毫不留情地捕殺我們。He is such a merciful (mercy) man as always has mercy on those homeless animals，which are usually at the mercy of the coldness and the storm.But sometimes he can show no mercy to those he doesnt like.他是一個寬容的人，總是憐憫那些任由寒冷和暴風雨擺布的無家可歸的動物。但是有時對那些他不喜歡的人與物，他一點也不會憐憫。affect vt.影響；感動；(疾病)侵襲(1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被深深打動be affected with high fever 發(fā)高燒(2)effect n作用；影響have an effect on 對產(chǎn)生影響be of no effect 無效e into effect 生效；實行take effect 生效；起作用(教材原句)It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一種強效藥物可以防止蚊蟲叮咬。(2016浙江卷)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your credit.準時付電費很重要，因為付晚了會影響你的信用。Even below the drink driving limit，driving will_be_affected (will affect)即使低于酒駕限度，駕駛也將受影響。單句語法填空(2017天津卷)When I was 50, my weight problem began to_affect (affect) me seriously.succeed vi.成功；繼承vt.接替；繼任(1)succeed in(doing)sth.成功地做某事succeed to sth.繼承succeed sb.as 接替某人成為(2)successful adj.成功的be successful in(doing)sth.成功地做某事(3)success nU成功；成就；C成功的人或事物(教材原句)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?如果野生動物保護計劃要想成功的話必須要做什么？(2016天津卷)Human beings，I believe，must try to_succeed (succeed)我相信人類一定會盡力成功。After succeeding (succeed) to his fathers pany as president of it successfully (success)，he succeeded (succeed) in making the pany more successful (success) in its field，which helped to make him a success (succeed)in turn.在他成功地繼承了父親的公司并成為公司總裁之后，他使公司在它所在的領域里獲得了更大的成功，反過來，公司的成功也成就了他的成功人士的地位?！酒哌x五】How to run international meetingsAs more of us do business across cultures，its best to prepare ahead of time before heading to the meeting table.Here are four rules for different countries.Stick to the scheduleWhere：Germany，Austria，Japan Weve all been to meetings that have a loose agenda，if any at all.They dont start on time and they seem to repeat. 1 Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting. 2 Meetings that run long in Germany are often taken to mean that the parties are not municating efficiently. 3 Where：China，Malaysia，SingaporeDebating a topic can go against the traditional Chinese concept of“saving face”，which means avoiding any mistakes or actions that could bring embarrassment.Laughing at even an obviously amusing answer or pointing out a potential mistake can spoil the entire meeting.Enjoy the interruptionsWhere：Italy，F(xiàn)rance，SpainWhen Pascal Soboll meets with clients in Italy or Spain，hes no longer offended if they leave early or arrive late.Rather than attend the entire threehour meeting，he has learned that his colleagues thereand in some parts of Franceattend based on their own timetable. 4 Rather than expect people to sit through his entire presentation，he makes it easier for them to turn up as needed.Please，no small talkWhere：Finland，SwedenIn places like Finland and Sweden，where nonmeeting related discussions like chat about the weather can be regarded as a way to be off a formallyset agenda and as a waste of other peoples time.In some countries，including Finland，there are long pauses in the conversation. 5 These breaks are used as a way to process what the other person is saying without interrupting.ANot so in these countries.BGermans and Austrians are similar.CDont even think about a brainstorm.DTheres often no way to tell how things are going.EDont try to fill them，though，with small talk or anything else.FWhat do the long silences，idle chitchat and serious faces really mean in context?GFor Soboll，that means changing his own Germanbased expectations of client behaviour.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在不同國家如何成功地召開會議。1A空處前兩句介紹了常見的會議情況：時間安排松散，開會不準時，總是重復；結(jié)合空后的“Japanese are more likely to create a detailed agenda and pass out supporting documents several days before a meeting.”可知，日本人注意會議的細節(jié)，并在數(shù)天前就做好準備。據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承上啟下，說明并非所有的國家在開會時都會出現(xiàn)上述的情況：時間安排松散，開會不準時，總是重復。故A項正確。2B根據(jù)該部分中的“where：Germany，Austria，Japan”可知，該部分主要介紹德國、奧地利和日本的開會習慣；空前一句已經(jīng)介紹了日本的情況，結(jié)合空后一句“Meetings that run long in Germany are often. efficiently.”可知，空處及下一句介紹德國和奧地利的開會習慣，故B項正確。3C根據(jù)空處位置可知，空處為該部分標題，是該部分的主旨；通讀該部分可知，該部分第一句介紹了在中國開會應當認真討論，以防發(fā)生尷尬，第二句介紹在開會時不要嘲笑有趣的答案或指出潛在的錯誤；據(jù)此可知，該部分主要介紹要嚴肅認真地討論會議議題，就事論事，不需要在開會前有什么“頭腦風暴”，故C項正確。4G根據(jù)上文中的“When Pascal Soboll.”和“Rather than. attend based on their own timetable.”以及空后一句可知，意大利人、法國人和西班牙人開會很隨意，G項中的“Soboll”與該處相對應，故G項正確。5E根據(jù)該部分標題“Please，no small talk”和空前的“there are long pauses in the conversation”可知，選E項，E項中的“them”與“l(fā)ong pauses”對應。die out 滅亡；逐漸消失(1)die away (聲音；光線等)逐漸消失die of/from 因而死die down 減弱；平息die off 相繼死亡(2)be dying for 很想要；渴望be dying to do sth.極想干某事(教材原句)As a result these endangered animals may even die out.結(jié)果，這些瀕危動物甚至可能會滅亡。The sound of their laughter died away.他們的笑聲漸漸遠去了。After walking in the desert for such a long time，he was_dying (die) for a drink.在沙漠里走了很長時間，他非常想喝水。e into being 出現(xiàn)；形成；產(chǎn)生e into effect/force/operation 開始生效/執(zhí)行/實施e into use 開始使用e into sight/view 看得見e into power 當權(quán)e into action 開始行動e into office就職(教材原句)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.它們生活在千百萬年前的地球上，比人類誕生早得多，而且那時它們的未來看似很安全。A new system of taxation will e into effect next May.新稅制將在明年五月開始實行。This method has e into wide use in this area.這種方法在這一地區(qū)已被廣泛使用。e into being為不及物動詞短語，無被動形式，也不用于進行時態(tài)。pay attention to 注意；留意(1)give ones attention to 關注；注意catch/attract/draw ones attention to.吸引某人對的注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on.將某人的注意力集中于turn ones attention to.將某人的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向devote ones attention to.專心致志于(2)短語中to為介詞的固定搭配：apply to doing sth.適用于做某事object to doing sth.反對做某事see to doing sth.負責做某事stick to doing sth.堅持做某事be/get used to doing sth.習慣于做某事be devoted to doing sth.致力于(獻身于)做某事get down to doing sth.開始認真地做某事contribute to doing sth.促成做某事(教材原句)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.你應該多關注我居住的雨林并欣賞一下動物們是如何在一起生活的。(2016全國卷)But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume，so I dont even know if there are something to_pay (pay)attention to.但這是我第一次寫申請和個人簡歷，因此甚至我還不知道有哪些要注意的事情。The conference may help to_fix (fix)attention on the economy.此次會議可能有助于將關注焦點放在經(jīng)濟上。Be sure to pay attention to protecting (protect) the environment and think of others while traveling.外出旅游時務必注意保護環(huán)境，為他人著想?！径涛母腻e】Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work，that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming【答案】Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work， makes us realize how hard work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We out to the streets to collect or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need make our hometown a lot more beautiful. We find pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming第一處：askedasking?？疾榉侵^語動詞。我很高興收到你詢問中國學生目前的假日生活的來信。ask和其邏輯主語letter之間是主動關系，故應用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。第二處：taketakes?？疾橹髦^一致。學習和娛樂仍然占據(jù)了我們大部分的時間。此處是together with連接的名詞在句中作主語，謂語動詞應與句子原來的主語Learning保持一致，即應用第三人稱單數(shù)，故改為takes。第三處：thatwhich?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此外，我們經(jīng)常幫助我們的父母做家務或者干農(nóng)活，這使我們意識到他們每天工作得多努力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面的整個句子，故用which。注意：that不能引導非限制性定語從句。第四處：wethey?？疾榇~。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指代的是上文中的“our parents”，故應用they。第五處：在active前加an?？疾楣谠~。同時，我們積極參加社會活動，比如志愿工作。take an active part in為習慣用法，表示“積極參加”。第六處：wentgo?？疾闀r態(tài)。我們?nèi)ソ稚鲜占蛘呷メt(yī)院安慰生病的孩子們。全文的基本時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，故此處應用一般現(xiàn)在時。第七處：rubbishesrubbish?？疾槊~。rubbish表示“垃圾”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式，故改為rubbish。第八處：orand?？疾檫B詞。由語境可知，此處表示并列的順承關系，故用and表示“和，與”。or表示選擇關系，意為“或，或者”。第九處：去掉of?？疾楣潭ù钆?。此處指使我們的家鄉(xiāng)變得更加美麗。根據(jù)句中的“more”可知，此處修飾比較級，故應用a lot。a lot of表示“許多”，修飾名詞。第十處：greatlygreat。考查副詞。在這些活動中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了極大的樂趣。此處修飾名詞pleasure，故應用形容詞。There_were many different kinds of dinosaurs and a number of them used to live in China.過去有許多種類的恐龍并且為數(shù)很多的恐龍曾經(jīng)生活在中國。there be 句型表示“某處有某人、某物或某事”。(1)常見的there be變化結(jié)構(gòu)如下：(2)句型There ben.v.ing/v.ed中，v.ing，v.ed作主語補足語。如果名詞與后面的分詞存在主動關系，用v.ing形式，如果是被動關系，則用v.ed形式。There seems to_be (be) a bank around here.附近好像有一家銀行。There happened (happen) to be nobody in the room.恰巧房間里沒人。There are few people described (describe) as geniuses.很少有能稱得上天才的人?！鹃喿x理解】The popular TV program Readers has prompted more people in China to practice reading aloud in booths (小間) set up in big cities across the country. As the latest TV show to help peoples love for literature recover, the CCTV program Readers invites people from all walks of life to read aloud their favorite poems, essays and books, or even personal letters they wrote to their loved ones. Just as the weekly show has been wellreceived, its reading booths, equipped with professional recording devices and cameras, have bee instant hits. A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4 the first day of the booths opening to the public in Shanghai. The deadline for registrations was brought forward to 2 pm instead of the scheduled 5：30 pm, as the number of waiting readers continued to grow. Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management. “There is an old photo in the late 1970s capturing people lining up outside the Shanghai Library before it opens. If that was a spring of reading in Shanghai, now I think another spring has arrived again，” library manager Zhou Deming, told The Paper. The reading booth is the only one of its kind in the city of economic center at the moment, but more are expected to be put into use in the ing months, according to the librarys website. The program has also led to booths in other cities including Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Xian to appeal to more people to read and share their life stories. With the recent boom of culturethemed TV shows such as Readers and Chinese Poetry Congress, some are optimistic that this will help the country love literature and reading again in general. 【文章大意】隨著CCTV的朗讀者節(jié)目受到人們的歡迎，全國范圍開始刮起了“讀書風”。各大城市紛紛建立“朗讀亭”，人們閱讀的熱情也越來越高。1. The CCTV program Readers aims to _.Ateach people what to readBattract peoples attention to CCTVCinvite people to read aloud in the boothDarouse peoples enthusiasm for reading答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“As the latest TV show.loved ones.”可知，朗讀者旨在幫助人們重燃對文學的熱情，故D項正確。2We can learn from Paragraph 3 that _.Asome people waited for a long time to read in the boothBMarch 4 was the first day of the opening of Shanghai LibraryCon March 4,200 people read in the boothDthe time for registrations was lengthened for three and a half hours答案與解析：A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management.”可知，有些人為了能在“朗讀亭”里朗讀，等了九個多小時。故A項正確。根據(jù)第三段第一句“A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4 the first day of the booths opening to the public in Shanghai.”可知，三月四日是“朗讀亭”在上海圖書館開放的第一天，有200多人在上海圖書館外等候，而不是200人在“朗讀亭”朗讀，故B、C項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，注冊時間縮短了三個半小時，故D項錯誤。3The passage mainly tells that _.Amany people line up to read aloud in reading boothsBmore reading booths will be set up in the futureCReaders has bee popular all over ChinaDReaders has inspired more people to read aloud in reading booths答案與解析：D考查主旨大意。通讀文章可知，本文主要介紹了隨著電視節(jié)目朗讀者的流行，“朗讀亭”也逐漸興起，人們的閱讀熱情得到了極大的激發(fā)，故D項正確。