2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習第一部分教材課文要點Module2NoDrugs夯基提能作業(yè)外研版必修.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習第一部分教材課文要點Module2NoDrugs夯基提能作業(yè)外研版必修.閱讀理解閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AMedical studies have shown that smoking leads to health problems not only for the smoker, but also for people who are around. As a result of this, many people believe that smoking should not be allowed in public places. Although there are arguments on both sides, I strongly agree that a ban is the most appropriate course of action.Opponents of such a ban argue against it for several reasons. Firstly, they say that passive smokers can make the choice not to breathe in other peoples smoke by going to places where smoking is not allowed. If they would prefer not to smoke passively, then they do not need to visit places where smoking is permitted. In addition, they believe a ban may possibly drive many bars and pubs out of business as smokers will not go there anymore. They also argue it is a matter of freedom of choice. Smoking can lift ones spirit and it is not against the law, so individuals should have the freedom to smoke where they wish.However, there are more convincing arguments in favor of the ban. First and foremost, it has been proven that tobacco consists of carcinogenic(致癌的) pounds which cause serious harm to a persons health, not only the smoker. In particular, the pregnant women and kids suffer much more than ordinary ones. It is simply not fair to press this terrible effect upon another person. It is also the case that peoples health is more important than businesses. In any case, pubs and restaurants could adapt to a ban by, for example, allowing smoking areas. In conclusion, it is clear that it should be made illegal to smoke in public places. This may improve the health of thousands of people, and it is most definitely a positive development.1.What is the writers attitude towards the ban?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Skeptical.D.Indifferent.2.One who is against the ban holds the view that.A.smoking does no harm to peoples healthB.passive smokers can choose to stay awayC.smoking in public is more enjoyableD.people are free to do anything in bars3.Paragraph 3 is written to.A.stress the importance of smoking areasB.offer supporting evidence to the banC.clarify the harmfulness of smokingD.ask people to focus on personal health4.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Positive aspects of smoking.B.The views of people opposed to the smoking ban.C.Different views on the smoking ban in public.D.The reasons why the smoking ban should be issued.BCigarette smoking is the most important preventable cause of death in the United States. It accounts for more than 440,000 of the annual 2.4 million deaths.Cigarette smokers have a higher risk of developing several chronic disorders.These include fatty build-up in arteries,several types of cancer and lung problems.Build-up of fatty substances in the arteries is a chief contributor to the high number of deaths from smoking.Many studies detail the evidence that cigarette smoking is a major cause of coronary heart disease,which leads to heart attack.Cigarette smoking is so widespread and significant as a risk factor that the Surgeon General has called it“the leading preventable cause of disease and deaths in the United States”.Cigarette smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease by itself.When it acts with other factors,it greatly increases risk.Smoking increases blood pressure,decreases exercise tolerance and increases the tendency for blood to clot.Smoking also increases the risk of coronary heart disease after bypass surgery.Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for young men and women.It produces a greater relative risk in persons under age 50 than in those over 50.Women who smoke greatly increase their risk of coronary heart disease and stroke pared with nonsmoking women.Cigarette smoking bined with a family history of heart disease also seems to greatly increase the risk.Studies show that cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for stroke.Cigarette smoke produces several effects that damage the cerebrovascular system.5.What does the underlined phrase“account for”in the first paragraph mean?A.Have effect on.B.Make up.C.Reduce by.D.Take off.6.Why does smoking cause so many deaths?A.It can cause build-up of fatty substances in the arteries.B.It harms the hearts,which is the main cause of deaths.C.It harms our immune(免疫的)systems.D.It hurts our brains a lot.7.If we have some illnesses in our heart,smoking can.A.harm the bloodB.reduce the beat of the heartC.more likely cause coronary heart diseaseD.cause blood to clot in our body.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(xx全國卷模擬五)Married people are twice as likely to bee fat than single people, scientists claim. Greek researchers 1 (find) that married couples were more likely to bee fat due to their significantly changed lifestyle as they let themselves go.Married men are three times as likely to suffer obesity while married women are twice as likely to have weight problems, it found. The research, 2 (base) on the study of more than 17,000 couples aged between 20 and 70, found that married couples exercised less 3 (frequent), had poor nutrition and were fortable in their lives. Married couples spend more time 4 (eat) together, sit in front of the TV and often order takeaway meals while exercising less. Professor Dimitris Kiortsis, one of the studys co-authors, said 5 obesity was found to be directly related 6 a change in lifestyle. He said that unmarried individuals originally spend a lot of time keeping fit and making themselves attractive in order to find a partner, 7 once they get married 8let themselves go. “The need to hunt for a partner is reduced,” he said. “Stress and anxiety is reduced in a good marriage. There is less smoking, and therefore ones appetite increases.” 9 study advised married couples to take more exercise, to have only one home-cooked meal a day, to avoid snacks, and to follow a Mediterranean diet 10 includes a lot of fruit, vegetables and olive oil.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案精解精析.閱讀理解A語篇解讀對于在公共場合吸煙的禁令,人們持有不同的觀點。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中I strongly agree that a ban is the most appropriate course of action.以及最后一段可知,作者對待這個禁令的態(tài)度是支持的。2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Firstly,they say that passive smokers can make the choice not to breathe in other peoples smoke by going to places where smoking is not allowed.以及they do not need to visit places where smoking is permitted可知,反對禁煙令的人認為,被動吸煙者可以通過不去有人吸煙的區(qū)域避免吸入二手煙。3.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中there are more convincing arguments in favor of the ban以及其后內(nèi)容可知,作者寫這一段是為了給這個禁令提供支持的論據(jù)。4.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,本文圍繞著頒布公共場合禁煙令的事件展開了議論,提出了對于這條禁令的不同觀點。B語篇解讀最新的研究表明,吸煙可以導致動脈脂肪的堆積,這是目前吸煙導致死亡的主要原因。吸煙者患上心臟病或者中風的幾率很高。研究同樣發(fā)現(xiàn),家族吸煙患病率會更高。5.B詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系后面的“of the annual 2.4 million deaths”我們知道,在每年死亡的240萬人中,吸煙致死的占44萬,因此account for在這里是“占據(jù),組成”的意思。6.A細節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段中Build-up of fatty substances in the arteries is a chief contributor to the high number of deaths from smoking.我們知道,動脈脂肪堆積是吸煙造成死亡的主要原因。7.C細節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段中Cigarette smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease by itself.When it acts with other factors,it greatly increases risk.我們知道,如果本身有心臟方面的疾病,吸煙會增加冠狀心臟病的患病幾率。.語法填空語篇解讀科學家跟蹤調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)已婚的男人比單身男人更容易發(fā)胖,背后的原因是什么呢?1.found考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)that從句中的謂語動詞were可知,主句謂語動詞也應該用一般過去時。2.based考查非謂語動詞。兩個逗號之間是非謂語動詞作狀語,根據(jù)be based on可知此處應該用過去分詞based。3.frequently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處要用副詞修飾動詞exercised。4.eating考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)語境此處考查固定搭配:spend time doing sth.花時間做某事。5.that考查賓語從句。設(shè)空處引導賓語從句,該從句意思完整,結(jié)構(gòu)正確,所以應填that。6.to考查固定搭配:be related to與相關(guān)的。 7.but考查連詞用法。前后兩個分句在意思上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,要用but連接。8.they考查代詞用法。根據(jù)語境和themselves可知,此處要用復數(shù)的主格代詞they。9.The考查冠詞用法。這項研究建議已婚夫婦多進行體育鍛煉。此處特指這項研究。10.which/that考查定語從句。設(shè)空處引導定語從句,修飾先行詞a Mediterranean diet,從句中缺少主語,應該用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導。