浙江省嘉興市秀洲區(qū)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) Module 8 Unit 3 Language in use課件 （新版）外研版

Unit 3 Language in use延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞 （1）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的概念 英語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞按其動(dòng)作發(fā)生的方式、動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)程的長(zhǎng)短，可分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久影響。如：learn, work,stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 終止性動(dòng)詞也稱(chēng)為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞或短暫性動(dòng)詞，表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。如：open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy等。 （2）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法特征 1）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其完成時(shí)態(tài)可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如： I have learned English since I came here. 自從我來(lái)到這兒就學(xué)英語(yǔ)了。 2）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與表示短暫時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如： It rained at eight yesterday morning. （誤） rain為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而at eight表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，前后顯然矛盾。如果用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示一瞬間的動(dòng)作，可以借助come, begin, get等終止性動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示。上句可改為： It began to rain at eight yesterday morning. 昨天早上八點(diǎn)開(kāi)始下起了雨。 又如： When did you get to know Jack? Two years ago. Then youve known each other for more than two years. Thats right. （3）終止性動(dòng)詞的用法特征 1）終止性動(dòng)詞可用來(lái)表示某一動(dòng)作的完成，因 此可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如： The train has arrived. 火車(chē)到了。 Have you joined the computer group? 你加入電腦小組了嗎？ 2）終止性動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作極其短暫，不能持續(xù)。因此，不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用（只限肯定式）。如： He has been dead for three years. =He died three years ago. =It is/has been three years since he died. =Three years has passed since he died. 他死了三年了。 He has been here for five days. =He came here five days ago. =It is/has been five days since he came here. =Five days has passed since he came here. 他來(lái)這兒五天了。 、句中的die和come均為終止性動(dòng)詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。那么，應(yīng)如何正確表達(dá)呢？可以采用下面的四種方法： A. 將句中終止性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如上面兩例中的第一種正確表達(dá)方式。下面列舉幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換：leavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open sth.keep sth. open, fall illbe ill, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold。 B. 將句中表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)改為表示過(guò)去確定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，如以上兩例中的第二種正確表達(dá)方式。 C. 用句型It is+一段時(shí)間+since.表達(dá)原意，如上面兩例中的第三種正確表達(dá)方式。 D. 用句型“一段時(shí)間+has passed+since.”表達(dá)原意，如上面兩例中的第四種正確表達(dá)方式。 3）終止性動(dòng)詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式中，變成可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，此時(shí)可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如： I havent heard from my father for two weeks. 我已有兩周沒(méi)收到我父親的來(lái)信了。 4）終止性動(dòng)詞的否定式與until/till連用，構(gòu)成not+終止性動(dòng)詞+until/till.的句型，意為“直到才”。如： You cant leave here until I arrive. 直到我到了，你才能離開(kāi)這里。 I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight. 今天晚上直到我畫(huà)完畫(huà)，我才上床睡覺(jué)。 5）終止性動(dòng)詞可以用于when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，但不可以用于while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。when表示的是時(shí)間點(diǎn)（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用終止性動(dòng)詞），也可以是一段時(shí)間（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）；而while表示的是一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或過(guò)程，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如： When we reached London, it was twelve oclock. 我們到達(dá)倫敦那會(huì)兒是十二點(diǎn)。（reach為終止性動(dòng)詞） Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. 我們離開(kāi)時(shí)請(qǐng)照顧我女兒。（be away為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)） 6）終止性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)不可與how long連用（只限于肯定式）。如： How long have you been here? 你在這兒有多久了？ When did you come here? 你什么時(shí)候來(lái)這兒的？【話題呈現(xiàn)話題呈現(xiàn)】 本模塊圍繞“My future life”展開(kāi)話題，要求學(xué)生寫(xiě)一篇畢業(yè)晚會(huì)的演講稿或者寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于自己未來(lái)生活的文章?！炯丫渌C萃佳句薈萃】 Im very proud that you have chosen me to speak to you today. 我很榮幸今天你們選我給大家做演講。 These roses are to thank three groups of people for the three most important things that I have learnt. 這些玫瑰用來(lái)表達(dá)對(duì)三組人的謝意，因?yàn)槲覐乃麄儯抢铮W(xué)到了最重要的三件事。 They have taught me that there is no success without effort. 他們教我（明白了）不努力就不會(huì)成功（的道理）。 You only really lose if you give up. 如果你放棄，（那么）你才真的失敗了。 I woke up to find a beautiful violin at my bedside. 我醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)床邊放著一把漂亮的小提琴。 Im sure that you all have your own memories about the happiness of the last three years. 我相信你們每個(gè)人的記憶里都有過(guò)去三年里的快樂(lè)。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患難見(jiàn)真情。 How time flies!Our middle school life will come to an end soon. 光陰似箭！我們的初中生活馬上要結(jié)束了。 Besides, dont be afraid of making mistakes. You should try to learn from mistakes. 除此之外，不要害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。你應(yīng)該盡量從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。 I hope it can be helpful to you. Wish you success. 我希望這對(duì)你有幫助。祝你成功。【寫(xiě)作任務(wù)寫(xiě)作任務(wù)】 三年快樂(lè)而充實(shí)的初中生活結(jié)束了，你即將進(jìn)入高中深造。展望未來(lái)，你對(duì)高中生活充滿期待。請(qǐng)以“I Expect My School Life”為題，寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右的短文。文章的開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 提示：1. 生活、學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境（餐廳，圖書(shū)館，運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)）；2. 師生、同學(xué)關(guān)系；3. 生活多彩、學(xué)業(yè)進(jìn)步；4. 補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)自己的想法。 要求：1. 文章不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)；2. 要點(diǎn)齊全，語(yǔ)言通順，意思連貫，書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。 參考詞匯：get along with與相處；colourful多彩的；knowledge知識(shí)；habit習(xí)慣【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】 1. 由所給話題可知，本文是一篇記敘文，要求展望未來(lái)，寫(xiě)對(duì)高中生活的期待。 2. 用第一人稱(chēng)寫(xiě)出自己對(duì)未來(lái)生活的憧憬，可適當(dāng)增加情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Beginning開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山 I will study in a 1 soon. high schoolBody展望未來(lái)的學(xué)校生活展望未來(lái)的學(xué)校生活 2. I hope my school is with a dining room and the library .3. I can my teachers and . We can help .4. I expect my school life is colourful. After class, I can . I can surf the Internet to get .5. I .big and clean is full of booksget on well with classmates each other listen to music knowledge will study hard and try to make progressEnding夢(mèng)想成真夢(mèng)想成真 I think my dream can 6 .come true【自主創(chuàng)作自主創(chuàng)作】 I Expect My School Life I will study in a high school soon. Everything is new to me. 【范文展示范文展示】 I Expect My School Life I will study in a high school soon. Everything is new to me. I hope my school is big and clean with a large dining room and the library is full of different kinds of books. So I can read them in my spare time. I can get on well with my teachers and classmates. We can help each other. At the same time, I expect my school life is colourful. After class I can listen to music, play chess and basketball. To get more useful knowledge or information, I can surf the Internet. I will keep a good eating habit. Doing exercise often to stay in good spirits. Try my best to make great progress. As long as I stick to it, I can achieve my dream.【升格點(diǎn)撥】 1. 要點(diǎn)齊全，增加了適當(dāng)?shù)募?xì)節(jié)。 2. 行文連貫，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔得體。