高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習 并列句與狀語從句課件
2017高考二輪復(fù)習并列句與狀語從句2016年全國卷2015年新課標卷20152016年地方卷 全國卷(賓語從句where;狀語從句when)全國卷(賓語從句how;狀語從句as)全國卷(狀語從句as / when)新課標卷(并列句and)2016年四川(狀語從句if)2016年天津(時間狀語從句as)2016年江蘇(讓步狀語從句)2016年北京(原因狀語從句)2015年湖南(條件狀語從句ifh)2015年廣東(時間狀語從句when)2015年四川(并列句but)2015年浙江(讓步狀語從句although)近年來,高考把并列句、狀語從句作為考查的重中之重。并列句中對并列連詞的考查,狀語從句中對時間、條件狀語從句的考查,這些考查都是常見的考查根據(jù)考綱要求,考生應(yīng)做到:1.掌握并列句中表并列、遞進、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折和因果關(guān)系的連詞;2.掌握狀語從句,尤其是時間、讓步、條件和地點狀語從句;3. 熟記常用的并列連詞和引導(dǎo)各種狀語從句的連詞的基本和特殊用法;4. 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定合適的連詞;1.(2016四川改錯)Mom has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the housework. _解析:此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折,用并列連詞but。2.(2016天津)_ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 解析:這里是as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。so改為butAs3(2016江蘇)_ some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure. 解析:此處是讓步狀語從句,用While / Though / Although引導(dǎo)。4(2015重慶)If you miss this chance, it may be years _you get another one. 解析:It may be+時間段+before.表示“可能要多久才會”。beforeWhile / Though / Although5. (2015浙江)Just_ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. 解析根據(jù)語境可知,這里是as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句,as意為“正如”。as一、并列句(一)并列句的4種類型1表并列、遞進或順承關(guān)系:and, both . and ., neither . nor ., not only . but also .The earth is one of the suns planets, and the moon is our satellite.地球是太陽系中的一顆行星,月亮是地球的衛(wèi)星。2表轉(zhuǎn)折、對比關(guān)系:but, yet, whileThe problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out.這道題有點難,然而我卻把它做出來了。The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷,然而昆明的冬天卻很暖和。3表選擇關(guān)系:or, otherwise, or else, either . or ., not . but .Now you can either have a rest or you can go to the cinema.現(xiàn)在你可以休息,也可以去看電影。4表因果關(guān)系:so, for (表“由于”,一般不放在句首)He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他視力開始下降,他發(fā)現(xiàn)讀書越來越困難了。(二)并列句的2大句式1when “就在這時,突然”,常用以下句式One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 當我們周五在收拾行李要去度周末時,我的女兒突然聽到了呼救聲。She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她剛完成家庭作業(yè),媽媽就讓她練習鋼琴。2and與or/otherwise用于并列句Find ways to praise your children often, and youll find they will open their hearts to you.設(shè)法常常表揚你的孩子,這樣你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們樂意向你敞開心扉。Hurry up, or/otherwise you will be late for class.快點兒,否則你們上課就遲到了。二、狀語從句(一)時間狀語從句1when, while和as的用法連詞連詞含義及用法含義及用法例句例句when“當當時候時候”,可與延續(xù)性動詞或,可與延續(xù)性動詞或短暫性動詞連用;從句動作可以發(fā)生短暫性動詞連用;從句動作可以發(fā)生在主句動作之前、之后或與主句動作在主句動作之前、之后或與主句動作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生When you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.當你申請當你申請工作時,你必須遞交你的有關(guān)證書。工作時,你必須遞交你的有關(guān)證書。while“當當時候時候”,一般只可與延續(xù)性,一般只可與延續(xù)性動詞連用,從句動作與主句動作同時動詞連用,從句動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生發(fā)生Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.客人們就客人們就要吃完的時候,瑪麗去煮咖啡了。要吃完的時候,瑪麗去煮咖啡了。as“一邊一邊一邊一邊”,常與延續(xù)性,常與延續(xù)性動詞連用,從句動作與主句動作同時動詞連用,從句動作與主句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生As he grew older, he became less active.隨著他逐漸長大,他變得不隨著他逐漸長大,他變得不那么活潑了。那么活潑了。名師指津:如果主句表示的是短暫性動作,而從句用延續(xù)性動詞的進行時表示在一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作時,when, while與as可互換使用。When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend.我正沿著大街走時,碰巧遇到了我的一個老朋友。 2before與since的用法(1)before表示“在之前;還未就;還沒來得及就”。常用于以下句型:John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.約翰認為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準備。(2)since的用法since表示“自從”,其引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作狀語時,主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時;從句常用一般過去時。I have returned home twice since I settled down in the States.自從我定居美國后,我回過兩次家。They have been living very happily since they got married.自從結(jié)婚后他們一直生活得很幸福。since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語若是持續(xù)性動詞,常理解為某一狀態(tài)的終止;若是終止性動詞,則理解為某一動作的開始。He has written to me frequently since he was ill.自從病好以來,他經(jīng)常給我來信。He has written to me frequently since he went abroad.他自出國以來,經(jīng)常給我寫信。since表示“自從以來”,常用于“It is/has been時間段since從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。該句型表示“自從開始(不做)已經(jīng)多長時間了”,一般從句的時態(tài)用一般過去時,主句中的時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時。As is reported, it has been/is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.據(jù)報道,清華大學已經(jīng)建立了100多年了。3till, until和not .until .的用法(1)until或till表示“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”,此時主句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞,主、從句都為肯定式。這兩個詞可以換用,但till不可以置于句首,而until可以。Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?這個會議將被推遲到下周二,你有沒有聽說?(2)not . until . 表示“直到才”,主句謂語動詞必須是非延續(xù)性動詞。As far as I know, his mother wont go to bed until he returns home every evening.據(jù)我所知,他母親每晚直到他回家才會上床睡覺。4表示“一就,剛就”的常用表達(1)表示“一就”的表達as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instantThe moment I heard the voice,I knew Father was coming.我一聽到那個聲音就知道父親來了。(2)表示“剛就”的表達no sooner . than ., hardly/scarcely . when .的時態(tài)搭配:no sooner與hardly/scarcely后的句子謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時,而than與when引導(dǎo)的句子謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時。此外,當把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首時,應(yīng)用倒裝語序。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering. No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.他剛完成演講學生們就開始歡呼起來。(二)條件狀語從句1條件狀語從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞if, unless (if . not), so/as long as (只要), on condition that (條件是), if only (if), provided that (如果), in case (萬一,如果), suppose/supposing that (假設(shè),如果), assuming that等均可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or its very cold.除非下雨或天很冷,否則我們將在本周日去公園野餐。My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作,只要我高興就好。2條件狀語從句的時態(tài)在條件狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來含義;現(xiàn)在完成時表即將完成之后的情況;一般過去時表過去將來的含義。If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.如果大家都盡責,這個項目肯定會成功。(三)讓步狀語從句1although, though, while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要,但臨睡前鍛煉不是個好主意。2as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句需用部分倒裝語序。Hot as/though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.在長途跋涉之后,盡管夜晚的空氣很熱,我們還是因為累睡得很熟。3“疑問詞-ever”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,意為“無論”。Wherever you choose to settle down, you should attempt to fit in with the local people.無論你選擇在哪里定居,你都應(yīng)該嘗試做到入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。4whether . or .引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,意為“不論還是”,表示正反兩種情況都不會影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。Well go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具,我們都要把這項工作做下去。(四)地點狀語從句地點狀語從句表示地點、方位,通常由where, wherever引導(dǎo),可置于句首、句中或句尾。I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.因為我坐的地方噪音太大,所以聽不清教授在說什么。名師指津:where引導(dǎo)的定語從句與狀語從句的區(qū)別:地點狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別在于從句在句中所作的成分,如果作狀語,則是狀語從句;如果作定語,則是定語從句。The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother. (狀語從句,其中remain為不及物動詞)The little girl who got lost decided to remain in the place where she was and wait for her mother. (定語從句)那個迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她的母親。 (五)原因狀語從句原因狀語從句可由because, as, since, now that, in that, considering (that)等詞引導(dǎo)。1because譯作“因為”,表示直接原因,語氣較強,能回答由why提出的問句。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上,因為他想挨著妻子坐。2as譯作“由于”,語氣較輕,常表示顯而易見的原因;since (既然), now that (既然), in that (因為),表示雙方都知道的原因,語氣較弱。as, since和now that引導(dǎo)的從句多位于主句之前。Now that you have got a job, you should learn to be independent of your parents.既然你找到了一份工作,你應(yīng)該學會獨立不依靠父母。(六)方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有as, as if, as though等。方式狀語從句應(yīng)放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引導(dǎo)的從句常用虛擬語氣,但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實現(xiàn),也可用陳述語氣。The house was greatly damaged by the truck.Wed better leave things as they are until the police arrive.卡車對這座房子造成了嚴重的損壞。我們最好保持原樣直到警察到來。The construction industry is no longer as depressed as it was.建筑業(yè)不再像以往那樣蕭條了。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.這位老太太對待這個男孩就像他是她自己的兒子似的。(七)結(jié)果狀語從句1引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:so .that ., such .that .。在非正式語體中,由so .that ., such .that .引導(dǎo)的句子中的that可以省略,注意其結(jié)構(gòu)形式:somany/much/few/little (少)名詞that從句(so形容詞a/an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that從句)such形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞that從句(sucha/an形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that從句)He is such a learned person that we admire him very much. He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.他如此有學問,以至于我們非常贊賞他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天氣如此晴朗,以至于我們都想去公園。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他掙這么少的錢,以至于養(yǎng)不起家。2當so或such所在的主句主語與結(jié)果狀語從句中的主語一致時,還可簡化為:so/such .as to .。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一名如此聰明的學生,以至于他能夠解決所有難題。(八)目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有:so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that), lest等。1in order that和so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句兩個連詞都意為“以便;為了”,它們引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞。When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出門的時候常戴著墨鏡,以便沒人能認出他。2for fear that, in case (that)和lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時,for fear that表示“害怕,擔心某事會發(fā)生”;in case (that)/lest表示“以防出現(xiàn)某種情況”。The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那個男孩藏在樹后面,以防他父親看到他。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.帶上雨衣以防下雨。考點并列連詞考點并列連詞He is a shy man,_ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.(2015北京,北京,25)A.so B.but C.or D.as解析解析句意為:他是一個害羞的人,但是他并不害怕任何事和任何句意為:他是一個害羞的人,但是他并不害怕任何事和任何人。由空格前后兩個分句的句意可知,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用人。由空格前后兩個分句的句意可知,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用but。并列句并列句考點歸納1.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有but,yet,nevertheless。He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.他盡了力,但是沒有成功。他盡了力,但是沒有成功。The car was old,yet/nevertheless it was in excellent condition.車子雖然舊了但車況很好。車子雖然舊了但車況很好。2.表示因果關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有表示因果關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有for,so,therefore。It must be snowing,for its so bright outside.肯定下雪了。外面這么亮??隙ㄏ卵┝恕M饷孢@么亮。It was already rather late,so we decided to go home.天已經(jīng)很晚了,所以我們決定回家。天已經(jīng)很晚了,所以我們決定回家。You are in the right,therefore we should support you.你是對的,所以我們應(yīng)當支持你。你是對的,所以我們應(yīng)當支持你。3.表遞進或順承關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有表遞進或順承關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有and,not only.but also。This article is well-written and youd better read it.這篇文章寫得很好,你最好看看。這篇文章寫得很好,你最好看看。Not only is he himself interested in the computer but also his son is beginning to show an interest in it.不僅他對電腦感興趣,而且他的兒子也開始對電腦感興趣。不僅他對電腦感興趣,而且他的兒子也開始對電腦感興趣。4.表示選擇關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有表示選擇關(guān)系:常用的并列連詞有or,either.or。Either you must improve your work or we shall dismiss you.要么你好好干,要么我們就辭退你。要么你好好干,要么我們就辭退你。5.有時并列句中的分句通過破折號、分號等來表示并列關(guān)系。有時并列句中的分句通過破折號、分號等來表示并列關(guān)系。Stand up;it is your turn to speak now.站起來,該輪到你了。站起來,該輪到你了。I dont goyou must go.我不去,你必須去。我不去,你必須去??键c考點1時間狀語從句時間狀語從句1._ the average age of the population increases,there are more and more old people to care for.(2016天津,天津,7)A.Unless B.UntilC.As D.While解析解析句意為:隨著人口平均壽命的延長,越來越多的老人需要照顧。句意為:隨著人口平均壽命的延長,越來越多的老人需要照顧。as在此處引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,表示在此處引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,表示“隨著隨著”。狀語從句狀語從句2.If you miss this chance,it may be years _ you get another one.(2015重慶,重慶,4)A.as B.beforeC.since D.after解析解析句意為:如果你錯過這次機會,可能得過好多年才能再有一次句意為:如果你錯過這次機會,可能得過好多年才能再有一次機會。該句考查機會。該句考查“It will/may be一段時間一段時間before.”句式,表示句式,表示“得過多久才得過多久才”。3.We need to get to the root of the problem_ we can solve it.(2015天津,天津,12)A.while B.after C.before D.as解析解析句意為:我們在解決問題之前需要找到其根源。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系句意為:我們在解決問題之前需要找到其根源。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可知,可知,“找到問題的根源找到問題的根源”在在“解決問題解決問題”之前發(fā)生。之前發(fā)生。before在在之前,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,符合題意。之前,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,符合題意??键c歸納1.從句中用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。從句中用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。 2.as soon as,the minute,the second,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,no sooner.than,hardly.when等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,意為從句,意為“一一就就”。3.在在no sooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.結(jié)構(gòu)中,結(jié)構(gòu)中,no sooner與與hardly/scarcely引導(dǎo)的主句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時,而引導(dǎo)的主句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時,而than與與when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時。當引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時。當no sooner和和hardly/scarcely位于句首時,應(yīng)用倒裝語序。位于句首時,應(yīng)用倒裝語序。 4.be doing sth. when.正在做某事突然正在做某事突然;have hardly/just/scarcely done sth. when.剛做完剛做完就就;be about to do sth. when.正準正準備備突然突然。 5.before 可表示可表示“還未還未就就;不到;不到就就;才才;還沒;還沒來得及來得及”。常見句式:。常見句式: It was時間段時間段before過去時,多久之后過去時,多久之后才才;It will be時間段時間段before一般現(xiàn)在時,多久之后才一般現(xiàn)在時,多久之后才;It wont be long before.過不了多久就過不了多久就。6.“since狀語從句狀語從句”表示表示“自從自從有多長時間有多長時間”。since從句的時態(tài)若是從句的時態(tài)若是一般過去時,主句中的時態(tài)則應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。常一般過去時,主句中的時態(tài)則應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。常見句式:見句式:It is時間段時間段since過去時,意為過去時,意為“自從自從以來多久了以來多久了”。7.as可表示從句和主句的兩個動作交替進行或同時完成,可譯為可表示從句和主句的兩個動作交替進行或同時完成,可譯為“一一邊邊,一邊,一邊”或或“隨著隨著”。8.until或或till表示表示“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”,此時主句謂語,此時主句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞,主、從句都為肯定式。這兩個詞可以換用,但動詞是延續(xù)性動詞,主、從句都為肯定式。這兩個詞可以換用,但till不可以置于句首,而不可以置于句首,而until可以??梢浴?not.until.表示表示“某動作直到某時間某動作直到某時間點才開始點才開始”,主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞,從句為肯定式。,主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞,從句為肯定式。 考點考點2讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句1._ online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.(2016浙江,浙江,5)A.Since B.AfterC.While D.Unless解析解析考查連詞。句意為:盡管網(wǎng)上購物已經(jīng)改變了我們的生活,但并考查連詞。句意為:盡管網(wǎng)上購物已經(jīng)改變了我們的生活,但并非它的所有影響都是積極正面的。非它的所有影響都是積極正面的。while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“盡盡管,雖然管,雖然”;since既然,自從;既然,自從;after在在之后;之后;unless除非。故選除非。故選C。2.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,_ hes in his nineties.(2016北京,北京,27)A.as long as B.as ifC.even though D.in case解析解析句意為:盡管我的祖父已經(jīng)九十多歲了,但他有時還打網(wǎng)球。句意為:盡管我的祖父已經(jīng)九十多歲了,但他有時還打網(wǎng)球。由句意可知,本句的前后兩部分之間為讓步關(guān)系,故選由句意可知,本句的前后兩部分之間為讓步關(guān)系,故選C。3._scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still dont know.(2015安徽,安徽,23)A.Once B.SinceC.Though D.Unless解析解析句意為:盡管科學家們對宇宙已經(jīng)了解甚多,但仍有許多我們句意為:盡管科學家們對宇宙已經(jīng)了解甚多,但仍有許多我們還不知道的東西。還不知道的東西。once一旦;一旦;since自從自從以來;以來;though盡管;盡管;unless除非。除非。A、D兩項常用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句;兩項常用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句;B項常用來引導(dǎo)時間或原項常用來引導(dǎo)時間或原因狀語從句;因狀語從句;C項常用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,故選項常用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,故選C。4._ the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2015湖南,湖南,33)A.If only B.AfterC.Although D.In case解析解析句意為:雖然這份工作要花大量的時間,但大多數(shù)學生都同意句意為:雖然這份工作要花大量的時間,但大多數(shù)學生都同意這次經(jīng)歷是值得的。句中的這次經(jīng)歷是值得的。句中的a significant amount of time與與worth it之間之間構(gòu)成對比,故用構(gòu)成對比,故用although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。1.although與與though兩者意思相同,一般可互換,都可以與兩者意思相同,一般可互換,都可以與yet,still或或nevertheless連用,但不能和連用,但不能和but連用。連用。 當當as或或though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句放在主句之前時,常用倒裝語序,此時從句中的表語、狀語或動詞從句放在主句之前時,常用倒裝語序,此時從句中的表語、狀語或動詞原形置于句首。若表語是單數(shù)名詞,前置時要省略冠詞。原形置于句首。若表語是單數(shù)名詞,前置時要省略冠詞。 Although he is poor,hes still happy.雖然他很窮,他仍然很快樂。雖然他很窮,他仍然很快樂。Ill try it,though/although I may fail.即使我可能失敗,我也要試一下。即使我可能失敗,我也要試一下。Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.雖然他是一個孩子,但他知道該做什么。雖然他是一個孩子,但他知道該做什么。考點歸納2.while可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然;盡管雖然;盡管”,引導(dǎo)的從句要放,引導(dǎo)的從句要放在主句前邊。在主句前邊。While he loves his students,he is very strict with them.雖然他愛他的學生,可是他對他們很嚴格。雖然他愛他的學生,可是他對他們很嚴格。3.疑問詞疑問詞-ever和和“no matter疑問詞疑問詞”?!皀o matter疑問詞疑問詞”只能只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“無論無論,不管,不管”;疑問詞;疑問詞-ever不但不但可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句(等于等于no matter疑問詞疑問詞),還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(如賓語從句、主語從句等如賓語從句、主語從句等),意為,意為“任何任何”。考點考點3條件狀語從句條件狀語從句1.I believe you will have a wonderful time here _ you get to know everyone else.(2015陜西,陜西,20)A.though B.as ifC.once D.so that解析解析句意為:一旦你認識了其他所有人,我相信你會在這兒有一句意為:一旦你認識了其他所有人,我相信你會在這兒有一段美好的時光。段美好的時光。once一旦,符合句意。一旦,符合句意。2.You wont find paper cutting difficult _ you keep practicing it.(2015北京,北京,28)A.even though B.as long asC.as if D.ever since解析解析句意為:只要你堅持練習,你就不會覺得剪紙難了。句意為:只要你堅持練習,你就不會覺得剪紙難了。 even though 即使;即使;as long as只要;只要;as if 仿佛,好像;仿佛,好像;ever since 自自以以來。結(jié)合句意可知選來。結(jié)合句意可知選B。3.You will never gain success _ you are fully devoted to your work.(2014湖南,湖南,26)A.when B.becauseC.after D.unless解析解析句意為:除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中,否則你就不會獲句意為:除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中,否則你就不會獲得成功。所填詞引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為得成功。所填詞引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為“除非,如果不除非,如果不”,故選,故選D項。項。考點納引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞除了引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞除了if,unless等之外,下列連詞也可引導(dǎo)條等之外,下列連詞也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句:件狀語從句:once,as/so long as,on condition that,suppose/supposing,provided/providing,in case(如果、萬一如果、萬一)等。等。Suppose/Supposing (that) I dont have a day off,what shall we do?假如我沒有一天假,那該怎么辦?假如我沒有一天假,那該怎么辦?You may borrow the book,on condition that you wont lend it to others.你可以借這本書,條件是你不能再借給別人。你可以借這本書,條件是你不能再借給別人。考點歸納考點考點4地點狀語從句地點狀語從句 1._ he once felt like giving up,he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.(2015安徽,安徽,34)A.Where B.AsC.In case D.Now that解析解析句意為:在他曾經(jīng)想放棄的地方,他現(xiàn)在有決心前行并繼續(xù)走句意為:在他曾經(jīng)想放棄的地方,他現(xiàn)在有決心前行并繼續(xù)走下去。下去。where在這里是連詞,意思是在這里是連詞,意思是“(在在)的地方的地方”。as當,因為;當,因為;in case以防;以防;now that既然。既然。2.“We will do the right thing and do what we have to do to investigate crimes _ they exist,” claimed the police officer in chief.A.whatever B.whereverC.whichever D.however解析解析 句意為:主管警官聲稱:句意為:主管警官聲稱:“我們要做正確的事,做我們必須做我們要做正確的事,做我們必須做的事,來對犯罪進行調(diào)查,無論這些犯罪發(fā)生在哪里。的事,來對犯罪進行調(diào)查,無論這些犯罪發(fā)生在哪里?!眞hatever 無論無論什么;什么;wherever無論哪里;無論哪里;whichever無論哪一個;無論哪一個;however無論怎樣。無論怎樣。歸納引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的從屬連詞有引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的從屬連詞有where,wherever。 Wherever there is smoke,there is a fire.無火不生煙無火不生煙(無風不起浪無風不起浪)。 Lifting off at sunrise,the hot air balloon goes wherever the wind blows.熱氣球在日出時升騰到空中,隨風飄動。熱氣球在日出時升騰到空中,隨風飄動。 考點歸納考點考點5原因狀語從句原因狀語從句 1.I really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.(2016北京,北京,33)A.because B.beforeC.unless D.until解析解析句意為:我真的很喜歡聽音樂,因為它有助于我放松,讓我忘句意為:我真的很喜歡聽音樂,因為它有助于我放松,讓我忘記一天中的其他憂慮。根據(jù)句意可知,句子前后為因果關(guān)系,故選記一天中的其他憂慮。根據(jù)句意可知,句子前后為因果關(guān)系,故選A項。項。2.I am not afraid of tomorrow,_ I have seen yesterday and I love today.(2016北京,北京,35)A.so B.andC.for D.but解析解析句意為:我并不害怕明天。因為我已經(jīng)歷了昨天并熱愛今天。句意為:我并不害怕明天。因為我已經(jīng)歷了昨天并熱愛今天。根據(jù)句意可知,句子前后為因果關(guān)系,故選根據(jù)句意可知,句子前后為因果關(guān)系,故選C項。項。考點歸納1.引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有because,as,since,now (that),seeing that,considering that等。另外,等。另外,when也可表示原因。并列連詞也可表示原因。并列連詞for加分句也可表示加分句也可表示原因,原因,for引導(dǎo)的分句對前面的內(nèi)容進行補充說明。引導(dǎo)的分句對前面的內(nèi)容進行補充說明。 Now (that)/Since it is so hot,I guess we cant do anything until after dark.既然天這么熱,我想我們只有等天黑之后才能做事。既然天這么熱,我想我們只有等天黑之后才能做事。 It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.既然你步行既然你步行5分鐘就能到那里,卻打車,真夠愚蠢的。分鐘就能到那里,卻打車,真夠愚蠢的。 2.一些介詞短語同樣可以表示原因,這樣的短語有一些介詞短語同樣可以表示原因,這樣的短語有because of,thanks to,due to,owing to等等考點歸納考點考點6目的狀語從句目的狀語從句 Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she could stay home and raise her family.(2014浙江,浙江,15)A.now that B.as ifC.only if D.so that解析解析句意為:當兒子出生時凱西辭去了工作以便她能夠待在家里照句意為:當兒子出生時凱西辭去了工作以便她能夠待在家里照顧家人。顧家人。now that既然;既然;as if 好像,仿佛;好像,仿佛;only if只要;只要;so that目的是;目的是;結(jié)果是。由關(guān)鍵信息結(jié)果是。由關(guān)鍵信息quit her job以及以及stay home and raise her family可可知,知,stay home and raise her family是前面辭職的目的,故要用是前面辭職的目的,故要用so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句??键c歸納1.in order that與與so that這兩個連詞意為這兩個連詞意為“以便以便,為了,為了”,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中需用情,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中需用情態(tài)動詞;態(tài)動詞;in order that比比so that正式,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句可置于主句之前正式,引導(dǎo)的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后,而或之后,而so that引導(dǎo)的從句只能置于主句之后。引導(dǎo)的從句只能置于主句之后。 When he goes out,he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody can recognize him.他出門的時候常戴著墨鏡,這樣的話就沒人能認出他了。他出門的時候常戴著墨鏡,這樣的話就沒人能認出他了。 考點歸納2.for fear that與與in casefor fear that與與in case引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中,一般用虛擬語氣,即謂引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中,一般用虛擬語氣,即謂語動詞用語動詞用“should動詞原形動詞原形”,should可以省略??梢允÷浴?The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那個男孩藏在樹后面,以防他父親看到他。那個男孩藏在樹后面,以防他父親看到他。 Take your raincoat in case it should rain.帶上雨衣以防下雨。帶上雨衣以防下雨。 考點考點7where和和when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別1.It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(2014江西,江西,35)A.that B.as C.which D.when 解析解析考查狀語從句。句意為:我父親叫醒我,告訴我看足球賽的時考查狀語從句。句意為:我父親叫醒我,告訴我看足球賽的時候是半夜。本句容易錯選候是半夜。本句容易錯選A項,認為是強調(diào)句型。實際上項,認為是強調(diào)句型。實際上the middle of the night不能單獨作時間狀語,如果在不能單獨作時間狀語,如果在the middle of the night前面加上前面加上in,本題就可以選擇,本題就可以選擇A項了。本句中用項了。本句中用when引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。2.I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(2014湖南,湖南,31)A.as B.why C.when D.where解析解析考查定語從句。先行詞是考查定語從句。先行詞是the day,關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語,關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when。where既可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句時,從既可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句時,從句前邊一定要有一個表示地點句前邊一定要有一個表示地點(或類似地點或類似地點)的先行詞;同理,的先行詞;同理,when引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句時,從句前邊要有表示時間的先行詞。定語從句時,從句前邊要有表示時間的先行詞。Have you been to the island where there is a mountain?你去過那個上面有座山的小島嗎?你去過那個上面有座山的小島嗎?(定語從句定語從句)Please put all these books where they used to be.請把所有這些書放回它們原來在的地方。請把所有這些書放回它們原來在的地方。(狀語從句狀語從句)考點歸納解題方法方法方法1句意翻譯法句意翻譯法對于狀語從句的解答來說,最重要的一點是能夠正確地翻譯句子的意思,對于狀語從句的解答來說,最重要的一點是能夠正確地翻譯句子的意思,這樣就能夠判斷出該從句是狀語從句中的哪一種,選擇也就很容易了。這樣就能夠判斷出該從句是狀語從句中的哪一種,選擇也就很容易了。 (1)_ they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.A.As B.While C.Until D.Once解析解析句意為:一旦學生們決定了要上哪所大學,他們就應(yīng)該研究申句意為:一旦學生們決定了要上哪所大學,他們就應(yīng)該研究申請此大學的入學程序了。請此大學的入學程序了。as當當時,由于;時,由于;while當當時,盡管;時,盡管;until直到;直到;once一旦。根據(jù)句意可知選擇一旦。根據(jù)句意可知選擇D項。項。 (2)Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it?Well,that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves.A.as long as B.unlessC.as soon as D.though解析解析句意為:句意為:我們這次度假花了很多錢。我們這次度假花了很多錢。是嗎?哦,沒關(guān)是嗎?哦,沒關(guān)系,只要你們玩得高興就行。系,只要你們玩得高興就行。as long as只要,符合句意。只要,符合句意。unless除非;除非;as soon as一一就就;though盡管,雖然。盡管,雖然。方法方法2分清句子類型法分清句子類型法對于一些試題來說,掌握和分清一些固定的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是很重要的。同對于一些試題來說,掌握和分清一些固定的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是很重要的。同時也要注意該從句與其他一些從句的區(qū)別,如地點狀語從句和定語從時也要注意該從句與其他一些從句的區(qū)別,如地點狀語從句和定語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和定語從句等。句、結(jié)果狀語從句和定語從句等。 (1)John thinks it wont be long _ he is ready for his new job.A.when B.after C.before D.since解析解析所填詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句,構(gòu)成所填詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句,構(gòu)成It wont be long before.句型,句型,意思是:過不了多久就意思是:過不了多久就,選,選C。 (2)Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it.A.even if B.which C.where D.so that解析解析句意為:你最好不要把藥放在孩子們能夠得著的地方。本句相句意為:你最好不要把藥放在孩子們能夠得著的地方。本句相當于:當于:Youd better not leave the medicine in the place where kids can get at it.(此處此處where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,先行詞為引導(dǎo)的是