if虛擬條件句 公開課PPT課件

1.英語動詞有三種語氣，英語動詞有三種語氣， 陳述語氣，陳述語氣，祈使語氣和祈使語氣和虛擬語氣虛擬語氣。2.2. 定義：用來表示說的話定義：用來表示說的話不是事實不是事實，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小可能性比較小的的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。語氣叫虛擬語氣。它通過謂語動詞的它通過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示特殊形式來表示。一、虛擬語氣定義一、虛擬語氣定義第1頁/共38頁Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虛擬條件句虛擬條件句） (真實條件句真實條件句）第2頁/共38頁a. ifa. if真實條件句真實條件句 表示條件是表示條件是真的或真的或有可能實現(xiàn)的有可能實現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用陳述語氣陳述語氣。b. ifb. if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句表示對事實的相反的表示對事實的相反的假設(shè)，或是假設(shè)，或是虛擬的或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)的虛擬的或幾乎無法實現(xiàn)的, , 采用采用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣。第3頁/共38頁What would you do if you won the lottery（彩票）? If I won the lottery, I wouldDiscussion第4頁/共38頁If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. 1. 與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相反事實相反第5頁/共38頁If I were the schoolmaster , I would let the students get up a little later.schoolmaster第6頁/共38頁 總 結(jié)if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 主句主句與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相事實相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè) did（be動詞用動詞用were)would( should / might / could )動原動原第7頁/共38頁If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.2.與與過去過去事實相反事實相反第8頁/共38頁If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.如果他早起，他就不會上學(xué)遲到。如果他早起，他就不會上學(xué)遲到。第9頁/共38頁if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與過去過去事實相事實相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè) had +donewould ( should / might / could )have done 總 結(jié)第10頁/共38頁 If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I should meet Obama some day, 3.與與將來將來事實相反事實相反第11頁/共38頁if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句與與將來將來事實事實相相反的假反的假設(shè)設(shè)1、did (be用用were)2、were to do3、should dowould ( should / might / could )動原動原 總 結(jié)第12頁/共38頁一般條件句中的虛擬語氣一般條件句中的虛擬語氣時時 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 將來將來第13頁/共38頁ifif條件句中的虛擬語氣條件句中的虛擬語氣時時 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過去過去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 diddid（bebe用用werewere） would should + do sthcouldmight將來將來did（be用用were ）should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight第14頁/共38頁一、語法填空：1. If I _(not, see) it with my own eyes, I wouldnt have believed it. (2015.北京卷）2. Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _(tell) me, I could have helped. (2016.北京卷）3. If I had time this evening, I _(go) to your birthday party.4. If it should rain, the crops _ (save).hadnt seenhad toldwould gowould be saved第15頁/共38頁二、單句改錯：1. If you are me, would you talk to them? (2015.四川卷）2. I know nothing about the film. If I knew about it, I will tell you. 3. If she worked hard enough, she would have passed the English exam.werewouldhad第16頁/共38頁三、書面表達（2013.廣東卷）對現(xiàn)在的虛擬第17頁/共38頁1. 假如我們的城市中沒有清潔工，我們會生活在一個很糟糕的環(huán)境中。2. 假如我們的城市中沒有清潔工，我們會被垃圾淹沒。3. 假如我們的城市中沒有清潔工，疾病會迅速傳播。 1. If there were no cleaners in the city, we would live in a bad environment.2. If there were no cleaners in the city, we would be drowned in the rubbish.3. If there were no cleaners in the city, diseases would spread quickly.Translation第18頁/共38頁二、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣二、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣1. I wish + 賓語從句賓語從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來：將來：過去時 (be用were)過去完成時 (had done)would/could do I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過過去去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (將來將來)第19頁/共38頁I wish I _ (fly) like a bird some day.could fly第20頁/共38頁I wish every day _ (be) my birthday.were第21頁/共38頁I wish I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten第22頁/共38頁2. I would rather 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：將來：將來：過去：過去： I would rather you _(pay) me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (過去過去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未來未來)過去時過去完成時過去時paid had gonecame第23頁/共38頁三、常見動詞：三、常見動詞：一個堅持：一個堅持：insist兩個命令：兩個命令：order, command 三條建議：三條建議：advise, suggest, propose四項要求：四項要求：demand , require, request, ask 這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞用法。即從句中的動詞 使用使用should + should + 動詞原動詞原形，或者將形，或者將shouldshould省略。省略。第24頁/共38頁1.1.我們建議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他堅決要求我到場。他堅決要求我到場。3.他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?.We suggested that Tom a rest.2.He insisted that I present.3.They requested that we themshould have (should) beshould send to work there.第25頁/共38頁當suggest 表示“暗示,表明”; insist表示“堅持認為”時; 不用虛擬語氣！His accent suggests that he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrong.第26頁/共38頁3).Its （high） time +that -should +V.過去時你該走了。我們該睡覺了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .Its time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go第27頁/共38頁4）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important / a pity+ that - 從句中的動詞要從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即用虛擬，即(should)+動詞原形動詞原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she should refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.第28頁/共38頁5） as if /though + 從句從句現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時 They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son.第29頁/共38頁6） If only 要是要是.就好了就好了 = I wish If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time! If only I could see him again next year!現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來將來 :一般過去時（一般過去時（be用用were）had donewould/could +動詞原形動詞原形if only第30頁/共38頁7) Its suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主語從句中要使用后面的主語從句中要使用虛擬語氣，也以虛擬語氣，也以 ( should )+ v原原.的形式出的形式出現(xiàn)?，F(xiàn)。 Its ordered that teachers ( should ) teach English at schools. Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.第31頁/共38頁 以上這些動詞的以上這些動詞的名詞形式名詞形式后面的表語從句后面的表語從句 和同位語從句中也要用虛擬語氣，也應(yīng)以和同位語從句中也要用虛擬語氣，也應(yīng)以 (should) + v(should) + v原原. . 的形式出現(xiàn)。的形式出現(xiàn)。 My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here.My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible.第32頁/共38頁注意:當suggest 表示“暗示”; insist表示“堅持認為”時; 不用虛擬語氣！His accent suggests that he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrong.第33頁/共38頁1 He suggested that the meeting put off. A. is B. was C. would be D. should be 2 It is strange that he so. A. thinks B. think C.thought D. will think 3 I wish I my uncle yesterday. A. met B. have met C. would meet D. had met 第34頁/共38頁4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. should be finished D. shall be finished 5 Its high time that he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go第35頁/共38頁6 If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 7. If the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived第36頁/共38頁第37頁/共38頁感謝您的觀看。第38頁/共38頁