2018-2019學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅱ 學(xué)業(yè)分層測(cè)評(píng) 北師大版選修8.doc

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Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅱ Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．We substituted fish ________ meat several times a week. 2．Some people advocated ________(limit) the number of cars on the main road. 3．It is time to take action ________(let) our customers understand this. 4. But for the meeting, I would ________(go) home at the time. 5．He was condemned to ________(die) for murder and later hanged. 6．Please go back to your classroom ________ turn. 7．We train them to make use of ________(refer) books. 8．I look forward to ________(e) to work every day. 9．There ________(be) a number of Negroes in the city. 10．I cant go out with all these clothes ________(wash)． 【答案】　1.for　2.limiting　3.to let　4.have gone 5．death　6.in　7.reference　8.ing　9.are 10．to wash Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1. He sat there with his eyes close. ________________________________________________________________ 2. Giving that he was still a boy, I forgave him. ________________________________________________________________ 3．The number of fish in coastal waters have decreased. ________________________________________________________________ 4．I was trapped into tell the police all I knew. ________________________________________________________________ 5．Their devotion to their children was beyond word. ________________________________________________________________ 6．The person refer to is my English teacher. ________________________________________________________________ 7．We looked after the little boy by turn. ________________________________________________________________ 8．Tom was condemned with life imprisonment. ________________________________________________________________ 9．Margarine is often used as a substitute with butter. ________________________________________________________________ 10．The report advocated that all buildings was fitted with smoke detectors. ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】　1.close改為closed　2.Giving改為Given 3．have改為has　4.tell改為telling　5.word改為words　6.refer改為referred　7.by改為in或turn改為turns　8.with改為to　9.with改為for 10．was改為be Ⅲ.閱讀理解 Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(預(yù)測(cè)) in reaction to climate change，which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems. Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world，changing some living patterns，scientists say. Increased carbon dioxide(CO2 )in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen，while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth. “Predicting species reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology，” said the researchers of several U．S. universities.They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services. The study，published on the Nature website，uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species.It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times. “Across all species，the experiments underpredicted the speed of the advance—for both leafing and flowering—that results from temperature increases，”the study said. The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change，it said. Plants are necessary for life on the Earth.They are the base of the food chain，using photosynthesis (光合作用) to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water.They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet. Scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900，and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979. So far，efforts to cut emissions(排放) of planetwarming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃ this century—a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are mon，leading to drought，floods，crop failures and rising sea levels. 【語篇解讀】　本文為說明文，題材為科普知識(shí)類。溫室效應(yīng)已經(jīng)影響了植物的生長(zhǎng)類型，由于植物在食物鏈和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中有著重要影響，科學(xué)家們正致力于研究其生長(zhǎng)變化。 1．What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1? A．Plants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems. B．The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation. C．Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns. D．Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather. 【解析】　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(預(yù)測(cè)) in reaction to climate change...”可知本題應(yīng)選擇B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B 2．We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that________. A．plants flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafing B．there are 1,634 plant species on the four continents C．scientists should improve the design of the experiments D．the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段最后一句話“It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering...”以及第七段“The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict...”可知本題應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。 【答案】　C 3．Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because________. A．they can prove the climate change clearly B．they are very important in the food chains C．they play a leading role in reducing global warming D．they are growing and flowering much faster than before 【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句“They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains...”可知本題選擇B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B 4．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the worlds temperature? A．It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979. B．Its change will lead to weather extremes. C．It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1900. D．It needs to be controlled with in 2℃ in this century. 【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“...beyond 2℃ this century－a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate...leading to drought，floods...”可知必須將上升溫度控制在2℃以內(nèi)才可能不會(huì)出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)狀況，故選擇D項(xiàng)。 【答案】　D Ⅳ.完形填空 I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University when I was faced with the news I had never expected. A lump in my neck __1__ out to be cancer. I would __2__ six months of chemotherapy(化療)． After the shock, I was struck by this thought: my __3__ didnt have any room for cancer. I had so much I wanted to __4__ and so many goals I wanted to chase. I was faced with the __5__ job of telling my friends and family. Then, I had to decide whether to __6__ in Cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year. My doctor __7__against it, and so did my parents and teachers. My doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to __8__ and relax would be the best thing for me. I could not think of anything __9__. I did not want to __10__ a year of my life, receiving pity from those around me. Together with my parents, I tried to persuade the university to __11__ me to stay at Cambridge and study only half the course. At the end of the year I would take two exams. It was really a ____12__ to persuade them to agree. Treatment began and I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week. It made me feel __13__， but to a much lesser degree than I had expected. I was __14__ to read, eat and socialize exactly as I used to. I slept a lot and rested a lot, but I also worked hard at my studies. It gave me focus, and it also gave me purpose. pleting my __15__ at the end of term felt like a great personal victory. I took a __16__ to continue studying while undergoing treatment, and it __17__ I was successful in my exams—and more __18__， I made a full recovery. Every person facing a disease like cancer must make the __19__ that are right for them. I am __20__ that I made the decision that was right for me. 【語篇解讀】　作者面對(duì)癌癥沒有退卻，做出了邊學(xué)習(xí)邊治療的決定；最終獲得成功，不僅通過了考試，而且完全康復(fù)。激勵(lì)人們面對(duì)困難時(shí)要做出適合自己的選擇。 1．A. stuck B．came C．turned D．worked 【解析】　我頸部一個(gè)腫塊結(jié)果變成了癌癥。stick粘貼，插入；e來；turn轉(zhuǎn)變；work工作。 【答案】　C 2. A．require B．expect C．sense D．a(chǎn)rrange 【解析】　我需要六個(gè)月的化療。require要求，需要；expect期盼；sense感知；arrange安排。根據(jù)語境可知選A。 【答案】　A 3．A.body B．memories C．family D．dreams 【解析】　震驚之后，我被一個(gè)想法打動(dòng)：我的夢(mèng)想沒有給癌癥留地方。 【答案】　D 4．A.face B．a(chǎn)chieve C．show D．understand 【解析】　我有這么多想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的，有那么多想追逐的。face面對(duì)；achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)；show展示；understand明白。根據(jù)語境可知選B。 【答案】　B 5．A.necessary B．temporary C．difficult D．disappointing 【解析】　我面臨困難的工作。necessary必需的；temporary臨時(shí)的；difficult困難的；disappointing令人失望的。 【答案】　C 6．A.join B．treat C．settle D．continue 【解析】　我決定是否繼續(xù)留在劍橋，參加年底的5次考試。 【答案】　D 7．A.fought B．a(chǎn)dvised C．a(chǎn)cted D．decided 【解析】　我的醫(yī)生建議我不要繼續(xù)留在劍橋。fight斗爭(zhēng)，戰(zhàn)斗；advise建議；act行動(dòng)；decide決定。 【答案】　B 8. A．recover B．exercise C．study D．play 【解析】　我的醫(yī)生和老師說花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間恢復(fù)和放松對(duì)我來說將是最好的事情。recover恢復(fù)。 【答案】　A 9．A.better B．worse C．more D．less 【解析】　我認(rèn)為這是最糟糕的事情。否定詞和比較級(jí)搭配表示最高級(jí)的意思。 【答案】　B 10. A．save B．spend C．take D．miss 【解析】　我不想錯(cuò)過生命中的一年。miss錯(cuò)過。 【答案】　D 11．A.help B．remind C．a(chǎn)llow D．invite 【解析】　我盡力勸說學(xué)校允許我留在劍橋。 【答案】　C 12．A.struggle B．failure C．burden D．trouble 【解析】　勸說他們同意真的是一次斗爭(zhēng)。struggle奮斗，斗爭(zhēng)；failure失敗；burden負(fù)擔(dān)；trouble麻煩。故選A。 【答案】　A 13．A.tired B．relaxed C．confident D．nervous 【解析】　根據(jù)上一句“每隔一周要從劍橋去倫敦治療”可知“我感到疲倦”。故選A。 【答案】　A 14．A.afraid B．ready C．a(chǎn)ble D．eager 【解析】　但是，我能讀書，吃飯，能像過去一樣交際。afraid害怕的；ready有準(zhǔn)備的；able有能力的；eager渴望的。 【答案】　C 15．A.purpose B．projects C．treatment D．exams 【解析】　在學(xué)期末完成我的規(guī)劃就像我個(gè)人的一次偉大勝利。purpose目的；project項(xiàng)目；treatment治療；exam考試。 【答案】　B 16．A.rest B．risk C．privilege D．job 【解析】　我治療期間冒險(xiǎn)繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。risk冒險(xiǎn)。 【答案】　B 17．A.ended up B．passed on C．paid off D．broke out 【解析】　根據(jù)下一句“考試成功”可知“得到回報(bào)”。故選C。 【答案】　C 18．A.clearly B．interestingly C．specifically D．importantly 【解析】　更有趣的是我完全恢復(fù)。clearly清晰地；interestingly有趣地；specifically特別地；importantly重要地。 【答案】　B 19．A.choices B．changes C．efforts D．chances 【解析】　每個(gè)人面臨想癌癥這樣的疾病時(shí)，一定要做出對(duì)他們來說正確的選擇。 【答案】　A 20．A.surprised B．excited C．determined D．proud 【解析】　我為我做出了正確的決定而自豪。surprised感到驚訝的；excited興奮的；determined堅(jiān)決的；proud自豪的。 【答案】　D