浙江省臨海市杜橋中學(xué)高中英語 unit2 Using Language 新人教版必修3

Pre-listeningWork in groups of four and discuss what illnesses unbalanced diets cause. scurvy rickets obesityrickets: scurvy: obesity: legs that do not grow straight佝僂病佝僂病teeth fall out, problems with skin and sores that will not heal壞血病壞血病much too fat 過度肥胖過度肥胖 What these illnesses are?Now were going to listen to a conversation between Wang Peng and an expert on diets. Wang Peng asks some questions on balanced diets. Listening 1. Listen to the whole dialogue carefully. Write down the main idea of the dialogue.Wang Peng is doing research to find out how an unbalanced diet can affect your health, so you need to eat a balanced diet if you are to stay healthy.Scurvy RicketsObesity too much rice, noodles and sugarNot enough vitamin C Not enough protein and vitamin D 2. Listen again and join the names of the illnesses to their causes.Owner of restaurantProblems with food offeredWhat food is neededWang PengYong Huitoo much fat and energy-giving foodmore fruit and vegetablestoo much fruit and too many vegetablesmore meat, fish, cheese and eggs as well as rice and noodles3. What suggestions you would give them?PredictionCan you guess what will happen to Wang Peng and Yong Hui?+=PRE-READINGLearn these proverbs. You are what you eat. 人如其人如其食。食。 First wealth is health. 健康是人生的第一財(cái)富。健康是人生的第一財(cái)富。 -EmersonNEW WORDS AND PHRASESearn ones living: keep alive in a certain style 謀生謀生/掙錢維持生活掙錢維持生活in debt: owe a lot of money 欠債欠債glare at: stare angrily or fiercely 怒目而視怒目而視 limited: not very great in amount or extent 有限的有限的benefit: advantage that sth. gives you 優(yōu)勢優(yōu)勢, 益處益處 sigh: take a long deep breath 嘆氣嘆氣, 嘆息嘆息combine: join two or more things together to form a single one 組合組合, 聯(lián)合聯(lián)合 Fast-reading1. Wang Peng was worried when he thought his restaurant would no longer be popular because _.A. he would be in debtB. he could no longer earn his living C. he would lose his jobD. his friend would not visit him2. Yong Hui was very angry when she came to Wang Pengs restaurant because _. A. she thought he was a new customer B. she thought he had spied on her restaurant C. she was told he was a spy D. he was too fat3. Wang Pengs research showed _. A. his menu was balanced B. both menus were balanced C. Yong Huis menu was balanced D. neither menu was balanced4. He suggested they provide a combined menu because _.A. he liked Yong HuiB. he didnt want to lose his customersC. he thought his menu was better D. this would provide a balanced dietDetailed-readingRead the text carefully and fill in the blanks.Wang Pengs restaurant became successful again. He would be able to 1. _ and didnt have to worry about being 2. _. earn his livingin debtHe felt happy until he saw Yong Hui entering. She looked 3. _. She wanted to know why Wang Peng was in her restaurant the other day. Wang Peng explained he lost his 4. _, but felt better when he realized how few choices Yong Hui offered on her 5. _. unhappy / angrycustomersmenu He wanted her to try his food. Yong Hui 6. _ and soon they were eating a big 7. _. But Yong Hui felt sick with all the 8. _ and heavy food and said she missed her vegetables and fruit. On the contrary, Wang Peng said he would miss his food too and asked Yong Hui if she 9. _ quickly. agreedmealfatgot tiredYong Hui said she did need to 10. _ a lot, but 11. _ him that he would be healthier if he lost some weight. They talked about menus and 12. _, realizing neither of their restaurants really provided healthy foods. They decided to 13. _ their ideasrestremindedbalanced dietscombineto provide a balanced menu. In this way they became very 14. _ and both of them became healthier too. Finally they 15. _ and lived happily ever after.successfulgot marriedPost readingAnswer the following questions according to the passage.1. How did Yong Hui feel when she came to Wangs restaurant? Why?She felt angry because she thought Wang Peng had come into her restaurant to spy on her. 2. How did they solve their problems and become good friends?Wang Peng showed that he wanted to cooperate and not compete with Yong Hui. They succeeded in finding a menu that provided a balanced menu.3. Why was their cooperation a success?They cooperated successfully in business. They liked each other.What can we learn from the passage?We can learn that it is never too late to change bad eating habits and begin afresh.Discussion 1. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. 也許他仍然能夠謀生也許他仍然能夠謀生, 而不至于關(guān)張了。而不至于關(guān)張了。1)earn ones living by . = live by . = make a living by . He earned his living by begging from door to door.Explanation 表示表示“謀生謀生”的短語：的短語：earn a living earn ones living make a living make ones living經(jīng)常和經(jīng)常和 earn 搭配的名詞除了搭配的名詞除了living, bread還有還有 money, salary, income, admiration, place 等。等。2) earn vt. 掙得；贏得掙得；贏得His success earned him a prize.He earned fame by helping the students.He and his wife each _ 10 yuan an hour.A. earns B. earnC. spends D. takesB2. He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular. 他可不希望由于餐館不受歡迎而負(fù)債。他可不希望由于餐館不受歡迎而負(fù)債。 debt: sum of money owed to sb. that has not yet been paid 債務(wù)債務(wù); 欠欠款款 in debt 負(fù)債負(fù)債 如：如：The club is 4 million in debt.這個(gè)俱樂部負(fù)債這個(gè)俱樂部負(fù)債400萬英鎊。萬英鎊。He died in heavy debt.他死于重債。他死于重債。Many of the large firms are heavily in debt.很多大公司都負(fù)債累累。很多大公司都負(fù)債累累。拓展拓展 get / run into debt 陷入債務(wù)。陷入債務(wù)。如：如：We were poor but we never got into debt.我們很窮但是從來沒負(fù)債。我們很窮但是從來沒負(fù)債。out of debt 免于債務(wù)。免于債務(wù)。如：如：Its hard to stay out of debt when you are a student.做學(xué)生的時(shí)候，你很難沒有債務(wù)。做學(xué)生的時(shí)候，你很難沒有債務(wù)。pay off ones debts 還清債務(wù)。還清債務(wù)。如：如：He managed to pay off his debts in two years.他設(shè)法在兩年內(nèi)還清了所有債務(wù)。他設(shè)法在兩年內(nèi)還清了所有債務(wù)。 將下列句子翻譯成英語。將下列句子翻譯成英語。1. 這家工廠債務(wù)重重。這家工廠債務(wù)重重。2. 失業(yè)后，他陷入債務(wù)。失業(yè)后，他陷入債務(wù)。The factory is deeply in debt. He ran / got into debt after he lost his job.no longer = not . any longer 不再不再He no longer loves here.I cant wait any longer.1) no more / no longerno more 表示數(shù)量上或程度上表示數(shù)量上或程度上“不再不再”。no longer 表示時(shí)間上表示時(shí)間上“不再不再”延續(xù)。延續(xù)。He is no more a student.He is no longer young.2) no more . than / not more . thanno more . than .和和.一樣不一樣不 (兩者都否定兩者都否定)not more . than 不如不如 . (前者不如后者前者不如后者)Xiao Li is no more diligent than John.小李不勤奮，約翰也不勤奮。小李不勤奮，約翰也不勤奮。Xiao Li is not more diligent than John.小李不如約翰勤奮。小李不如約翰勤奮。3. He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in. 點(diǎn)拔點(diǎn)拔 這是由這是由 but 連接的兩個(gè)并列連接的兩個(gè)并列句句, 兩個(gè)分句又都是主從復(fù)合句。主兩個(gè)分句又都是主從復(fù)合句。主句分別為句分別為 He smiled 和和 the smile left his face；從句分別為；從句分別為 as 和和 when 引引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句, 即即 as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door 和和 when he saw Yong Hui walking in.as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句中的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生句中的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 即一邊微笑即一邊微笑, 一一邊迎接客人。邊迎接客人。when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示主句中的動(dòng)作和從句中的動(dòng)從句表示主句中的動(dòng)作和從句中的動(dòng)作時(shí)間上的差異作時(shí)間上的差異, 即表示見到雍慧進(jìn)即表示見到雍慧進(jìn)來時(shí)笑容消失了。來時(shí)笑容消失了。4. She didnt look happy but glared at him. 她雙眼直瞪著他，看上去很不高興。她雙眼直瞪著他，看上去很不高興。 glare vi. 怒目而視怒目而視 glare at sb. 怒目注視某人怒目注視某人glance: glance/glimpse/glare/stare/watch的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：to look at something quickly and briefly. glance (at, over) 看一眼看一眼 glimpse: catchget a glimpse of 瞥見瞥見to see by chance, just for a moment. 瞥見，一瞥瞥見，一瞥 glare:glare at sb. 怒視某人怒視某人 stare:stare atinto 盯著盯著to stare angrily, freely. It emphasizes hostility. 怒視，瞪眼怒視，瞪眼 to gaze intently esp., with wide-open eyes. 盯，凝視盯，凝視 - What is the boss like? - I cant describe him well, I only caught a _ of him as he drove by. A. glance B. look C. stare D. glimpseD5. I thought you were a new customer and now I know you only came to spy on me and my menu.我本來以為你是一位新顧客我本來以為你是一位新顧客, 現(xiàn)在我才現(xiàn)在我才發(fā)現(xiàn)你只是過來打探我和我的菜譜的。發(fā)現(xiàn)你只是過來打探我和我的菜譜的。 only to spy . 在句中做目的狀語。在句中做目的狀語。 spy v. 偵察偵察, 窺探窺探: 觀察到觀察到, 注意到注意到 n. 間諜間諜e.g. They tried to spy on the enemys movements.Im sure my neighbors spy on me.I spied three persons in the distance.You are quick at spying her mistakes.spy on 暗中監(jiān)視，偵查暗中監(jiān)視，偵查 only to do sth. 表示一個(gè)與主語愿望表示一個(gè)與主語愿望相反的或出乎主語預(yù)料的結(jié)果，或用相反的或出乎主語預(yù)料的結(jié)果，或用來暗示最初的未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作。來暗示最初的未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作。 only doing sth. 表示謂語動(dòng)詞本身表示謂語動(dòng)詞本身的動(dòng)作造成的結(jié)果。的動(dòng)作造成的結(jié)果。 only to do sth. 和和 only doing sth. For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only to be told to come again the next day. He died, only leaving nothing but debts.6. I dont want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food. 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 此句是由此句是由 but 連接的并列句，連接的并列句，在第二個(gè)并列分句中含有在第二個(gè)并列分句中含有 so . that . 結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。that 從句中又含有由從句中又含有由 and 連接連接的并列謂語的并列謂語 stopped worrying 和和 started advertising。在在 so / such . that 結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中, so 多用來多用來修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí)修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí), such 多用來多用來修飾名詞。當(dāng)被修飾的中心詞為可數(shù)修飾名詞。當(dāng)被修飾的中心詞為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)名詞單數(shù)時(shí), 其結(jié)構(gòu)分別為：其結(jié)構(gòu)分別為：so + adj. + a / an + n. 和和 such + a / an + adj. + n.。如：如：It was such good news that he felt very excited at it. It was such a wonderful film that I saw it many times. = It was so wonderful a film that I saw it many times.limited adj. 有限的有限的e.g. The number of competitors is limited.He is a man of limited ability.As they had limited experience, they often had limited ideas.Im willing to hep you within limits.相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)：相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)：1. limit to / set a limit to / there is a limit to 2. within limits 在有限在范圍內(nèi)在有限在范圍內(nèi) benefit n. 利益；好處利益；好處 vi. & vt. 有益于；有助于；受益有益于；有助于；受益 beneficial adj. 有益的，受益的有益的，受益的e.g. The rain is of great benefit to the plants. 雨水對植物大有好處。雨水對植物大有好處。1) benefit (from / by) vi. 受益于受益于 vt. 有益于有益于, 有助有助2) be of benefit to = be beneficial to 對對有益有益7. Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoy the dumplings and breast of chicken cooked with garlic.3) 短語短語: for sb.s benefit = for the benefit of 為了為了的好處的好處/考慮考慮1) agree with sb. / with ones words 表示同意某人、同意某人的話或觀點(diǎn)表示同意某人、同意某人的話或觀點(diǎn), 含有贊賞地、肯定地對待某事之意。含有贊賞地、肯定地對待某事之意。2) be agreed（on /about sth.） 意為意為“達(dá)成協(xié)議；意見一致達(dá)成協(xié)議；意見一致”。 agree to sth. 表示表示“同意某事或某項(xiàng)同意某事或某項(xiàng)建議建議”, 后面只能接表示后面只能接表示“提議提議, 計(jì)計(jì)劃劃, 方案方案”的名詞。的名詞。 We are all agreed on the best action. I agree to their suggestion.3) agree to do sth. 表示表示“同意做某事同意做某事”，但不說，但不說 agree sb. to do sth. 4) agree 后面接從句后面接從句 We all agree that he is wrong.8. I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food. 吃了這么多油膩的、難消化的食物吃了這么多油膩的、難消化的食物,我都覺的惡心了。我都覺的惡心了。heavy (of food): difficult to digest (指食物指食物) 難消化的難消化的9. Wang Pengwei was just enjoying a second plate of dumplings, a second = anotherYou are the second to tell me the news.序數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞與 the 連用表示連用表示“第幾第幾”，與與 a / an 連用表示連用表示“又一，再一又一，再一”。1) _ 你是第二個(gè)告訴我這個(gè)消息的人。你是第二個(gè)告訴我這個(gè)消息的人。2) _, but he said he would go on trying until he succeeded. 他又失敗了一次，但他說他會(huì)繼續(xù)努力他又失敗了一次，但他說他會(huì)繼續(xù)努力直到成功。直到成功。3) He said that he would pay _ second visit to Australia _ next month. A. the, / B. the , the C. a, the D. a, /He failed a second timeC10. Well, I do have to rest a lot. 用助動(dòng)詞用助動(dòng)詞“do”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。e.g.務(wù)必安靜，我告訴過你，我頭疼。務(wù)必安靜，我告訴過你，我頭疼。 Do be quiet. I told you I had a headache. 他的確很熟悉這個(gè)地方。他的確很熟悉這個(gè)地方。 He does know the place well. 你到那兒后務(wù)必給我來信。你到那兒后務(wù)必給我來信。 Do write to me when you get there.think 后的賓語從句是虛擬語氣后的賓語從句是虛擬語氣, 表示表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。 11. But dont you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? 不過不過, 難道你不認(rèn)為瘦一點(diǎn)更好嗎難道你不認(rèn)為瘦一點(diǎn)更好嗎?1) 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反, 條件從句中的謂語條件從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式動(dòng)詞用一般過去式(be的過去式用的過去式用 were), 而主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用而主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“would (should, could, might) + 動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形詞原形”。If we had time, we would go with you. If I were you, I would study hard.2) 與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反, 條件從句中的謂語動(dòng)條件從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)詞用過去完成時(shí), 主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“would (should, could, might) + have 過去分詞過去分詞 ”。 If you had come earlier, you would have met him.3) 與將來是事實(shí)相反與將來是事實(shí)相反, 條件從句和主句所條件從句和主句所用的謂語動(dòng)詞與表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反用的謂語動(dòng)詞與表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)的謂語動(dòng)詞相同的假設(shè)的謂語動(dòng)詞相同, 或條件從句中或條件從句中用用“ were to (should) + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 ”。If you dropped the glass, it would break. If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. If it should rain, the crops would be saved.4) 如果條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表如果條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間來調(diào)整。的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間來調(diào)整。If you had studied hard, you would get a high score.12. According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet. 我的研究表明我的研究表明, 你我兩家所提供的都不你我兩家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。是平衡膳食。1) neither . nor . 表示表示 “ 既不既不也不也不”。其含義是否定的。其含義是否定的, 可連可連接任意兩個(gè)并列的成份。當(dāng)連接兩接任意兩個(gè)并列的成份。當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)個(gè)主語時(shí), 應(yīng)遵循應(yīng)遵循“就近原則就近原則”。 Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。今天父母都不在家。 2) 若將若將 neither . nor . 句型變?yōu)榭隙ň渚湫妥優(yōu)榭隙ň? 只需把只需把 either . nor . 改為改為 both . and . 即可，同時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)即可，同時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。形式。 Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。今天父母都在家。 either . or . 意為意為“或者或者或或者者; 不是不是就是就是”之意。表之意。表示兩者之一示兩者之一, 連接句子中兩個(gè)并列的成連接句子中兩個(gè)并列的成分。分。 either . or . 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí), 其謂其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語在人稱和語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致數(shù)上保持一致, 這就是我們通常說的這就是我們通常說的“就近原則就近原則”。 Either you or I am going there tomorrow.I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示或漢語提示, 寫出各單詞的正確形式。寫出各單詞的正確形式。1. We all breathed a s_ of relief when we heard they were safe.2. We would like to see close _ (合作合作) between colleges and schools in developing computer use.sighcooperation3. We must l_ our expense since we dont have enough money.4. I have b_ a lot from reading different kinds of books.5. As a scientist, she always c_ theory with practice.limitbenefitedcombines II. 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的提示將下列句子根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的提示將下列句子翻譯成英語。翻譯成英語。1. 大衛(wèi)以給報(bào)社寫稿子為生。大衛(wèi)以給報(bào)社寫稿子為生。(earn ones living)2. 他的書店本來應(yīng)該是賓客盈門的。他的書店本來應(yīng)該是賓客盈門的。(ought to)David earns his living by writing articles for newspapers.His bookstore ought to be full of people.4. 他們只能討論這兩個(gè)題目。他們只能討論這兩個(gè)題目。(limit)3. 他對在國外的生活厭煩了他對在國外的生活厭煩了, 正考慮回正考慮回中國定居。中國定居。(tired of)He has got tired of living abroad and he is considering going back to settle in China.They were limited to a discussion of these two topics.HOMEWORK Collect eating attitudes from the Internet.Practice presenting reasons to support your ideas.