四川省華鎣市明月鎮(zhèn)小學八年級英語上冊 Module 9 Unit 3 Language in use課件 (新版)外研版
Population Unit 3 language in useArticles1. 冠詞是冠詞是虛詞虛詞,本身不能單獨使,本身不能單獨使 用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞 的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。2. 冠詞分為冠詞分為不定冠詞不定冠詞a(an) 和和定冠詞定冠詞the兩種。兩種。一一.復習不定冠詞的用法復習不定冠詞的用法分析分析 :a和和an均用于均用于單數可數名詞單數可數名詞之前,表示一類人或事物中的之前,表示一類人或事物中的“任任何何”一個,相當于漢語中的一個,相當于漢語中的“一一”,但不用于強調數目的概念。但不用于強調數目的概念。 1 Jacks father is _ doctor. A. a B. an C. some D. /2 There is _ “f” and _ “u” in the word “four”. A. an, a B. a, a C. an, an D. a, an分析分析 :在名詞前使用在名詞前使用a或或an要取決于要取決于該名詞的讀音。如果該名詞的讀音。如果首字母的讀音是首字母的讀音是元音因素,應用元音因素,應用an;如果首字母的讀;如果首字母的讀音是輔音音素,應用音是輔音音素,應用a。1. a, e, i, o, u五個元音字母五個元音字母處于詞首處于詞首 時,未必都是元音音素,時,未必都是元音音素,u發(fā)音發(fā)音 ju:或或ju前面用冠詞前面用冠詞a,u讀讀?時時 前面用冠詞前面用冠詞an。2. 26個字母中以開頭為元音音素發(fā)音的個字母中以開頭為元音音素發(fā)音的 字母有:字母有:f ef, h eit, l el, n en, r a:, s es, x eks 。 There is an “R” in the word.This is a European country. European詞首字母不發(fā)音,詞首字母不發(fā)音, j是輔是輔 音音素。音音素。This is a one-eyed dog. one w是輔音音素。是輔音音素。 3-Why not take _ friend with you? -Thats _ good idea. A. a, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, a分析分析 使用不定冠詞指使用不定冠詞指某人或某物,某人或某物,但不具體說明是但不具體說明是 何人或何物。何人或何物。 4 Take the medicine three times _ day. A. a B. the C. an D./分析分析 使用使用不定冠詞表示單位不定冠詞表示單位,fifty miles an hour意為意為“每小時每小時50公里公里”,twice a week意為意為“每周每周兩次兩次”。 5. English is _language. It is _ important tool. A. a, a B. a, an C. the, an D. a, /分析分析 a language意為意為“一種語一種語言言”。language 是可數名詞。是可數名詞。 6_ steel worker makes steel. A./ B. A C. This D. That分析分析 a(an)放于單數的可數名詞前表放于單數的可數名詞前表示示“一類一類”。該句中該句中 a steel worker是是指指鋼鐵工人們。表示一類有三種方式:鋼鐵工人們。表示一類有三種方式:A bike is slower than a car. The bike is slower than the car.Bikes are slower than cars. 7 Tom has _ high fever and his mother is looking after him. A. a B. the C. an D./分析分析 表示表示生什么病前應用生什么病前應用a, have a headache, have a cold。 8 Mary takes _ walk after supper every day. A. the B. a C./ D. one分析分析give, take, have與一些動詞名與一些動詞名詞化的詞連用,表示一次動作,名詞化的詞連用,表示一次動作,名詞前要加詞前要加a。have a talk (bath, look); make a living (promise); take a swim (walk, rest)give a talk (whistle, smile) 9 The old woman had_ fire in her room. A. the B./ C. a D. this分析分析抽象名詞和物質名詞的具體化抽象名詞和物質名詞的具體化時,該名詞前要加時,該名詞前要加a。It is a great joy to study at this college.This kind of wood can make into a good paper.He made a living by selling newspaper.二、復習:定冠詞的用法二、復習:定冠詞的用法 There is _bridge over the river. _ bridge is made of stone. A. a, A B. a, The C. the, The D. the, A分析分析 文章中第一次出現的可數名詞文章中第一次出現的可數名詞前用前用a(an)。下次再出現此名詞則用。下次再出現此名詞則用the。I have a little bird. The bird is yellow. _ old workers under that tree are from Shanghai. A. The B. An C. This D. That分析分析 名詞后有表示范圍、地點的介詞短名詞后有表示范圍、地點的介詞短語限定時,名詞前應加語限定時,名詞前應加the來表示特指來表示特指。The boys here are interested in sports. 3 _ first one sat down and the second stood up. A. The B. A C. One D. An分析分析 序數詞前表示順序時前加序數詞前表示順序時前加the。Mary is the third to come in. Winter is _ coldest season of the year. A. a B. the C./ D. so分析分析 形容詞最高級前及形容詞最高級前及Only修飾的名修飾的名詞前均要加詞前均要加 the。Mary is the only girl who is often late for class. _ moon moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than _ sun. A. The, the, the B. A, an, a C. The, an, the D. The, the, a分析分析 定冠詞用于表示世界上獨一無定冠詞用于表示世界上獨一無 二的物體名詞前。二的物體名詞前。 We live in _ south of China. A. the B./ C. a D. some分析分析 表示東、南、西、北方的名詞表示東、南、西、北方的名詞前要加前要加the。The sun rises in the east. _ browns are watching TV at home at the moment. A./ B. The C. Mr. D.A分析分析 the放于姓氏的復數形式前時,放于姓氏的復數形式前時,表示一家人或一姓的夫婦二人。表示一家人或一姓的夫婦二人。 He will go to see you off at _ Railway Station. A. a B. an C. the D./分析分析 the普通名詞構成專有名詞。普通名詞構成專有名詞。the United Statesthe United Nationsthe Peoples Republic of China I was playing _ piano at eight yesterday morning. A. a B./ C. the D. this分析分析 play樂器表示彈奏時,該樂器名樂器表示彈奏時,該樂器名詞前加詞前加 the。Alice likes to play the violin while Kate likes to play the flute.表示數量時可用表示數量時可用a。This is a new piano against the wall. 10 Our teacher gets up early in _ morning. A. the B./ C. a D. an分析分析 牢記一些含牢記一些含the的習慣用語,在的習慣用語,在句中用作時間狀語。句中用作時間狀語。 in the afternoon (evening)in the daytimeat the beginningin the end 11 There is a large ship in _middle of the river. A. a B./ C. the D. any分析分析 牢記一些含牢記一些含the的習慣用語,在句的習慣用語,在句中用作地點狀語。中用作地點狀語。on the right (left)/in the front ofin the middle of the meeting / the forest/ at the foot of the hill 12 Last night we went to _ cinema. A. the B. a C./ D. those分析分析 牢記一些固定搭配:牢記一些固定搭配:go to the concert (theatre) 13 _ young should care for and help _ old. A. The, a B. The, the C. A, the D. An, an分析分析 the形容詞(形容詞名詞化)形容詞(形容詞名詞化)表示一類人或事物。表示一類人或事物。 the poor / the rich / the sick / the beautiful 14 The small town lies on _ Yangtzi River. A. a B. an C./ D. the分析分析 定冠詞定冠詞the用在江河、海洋、山用在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島名稱的前面。脈、湖泊、群島名稱的前面。the Dead Sea / the Black Seathe North China Plain華北平原華北平原三三. 復習零冠詞的用法復習零冠詞的用法不用冠詞就叫做零冠詞不用冠詞就叫做零冠詞例例1 Paper is made of _ bamboo. A. a B. the C. / D. that分析分析 物質名詞和抽象名詞前一般物質名詞和抽象名詞前一般不加冠詞。不加冠詞。Wood can be made into chairs and tables.Iron is a kind of metal. _ January is the first month of the year. A. The B. A C. / D. That分析分析 表示節(jié)日、月份的名詞前一般表示節(jié)日、月份的名詞前一般不加不加the。Spring is coming.He was born in December.如果表示有某年限定的季節(jié)和月份時,如果表示有某年限定的季節(jié)和月份時,季節(jié)和月份前要加季節(jié)和月份前要加the。He was born in the Summer of 1964. We have no classes _ Sundays. A. the B. these C. D. those分析分析 表示一周中七日的名稱前一般表示一周中七日的名稱前一般不加冠詞。不加冠詞。 I studies _English in_ England. A. /, / B. an, the C. an, an D. /, the分析分析 學科前和國名、洲名前一般不加學科前和國名、洲名前一般不加冠詞。冠詞。learn Chinese (maths, physics, chemistry)China is in Asia.in Germany (Japan)in Africa (Europe ) They often take a walk in _ Hyde Park. A. the B. a C. / D. this分析分析 在一些專有名詞(地名、節(jié)假日)在一些專有名詞(地名、節(jié)假日)之前不加冠詞。之前不加冠詞。Christmas Day New years EveNational Day Childrens DayTeachers Day Wall Street The thief was thrown into _ prison. A. the B. a C. this D. /分析分析 表示某一概念,而不是某具體工表示某一概念,而不是某具體工作的部門時,名詞前不加冠詞。作的部門時,名詞前不加冠詞。背會下列詞組:背會下列詞組:go to work (college, school, hospital, church) be in hospital (school, bed, prison) go to school/ go to the school上這所學校上這所學校 go to bed/ be on the bed東西擺在床上東西擺在床上go to class (be in class)/ be in the class 在教室里在教室里 He doesnt have _ breakfast at home. A. a B. the C. this D. /分析分析 表示三餐的名詞前不加冠詞,表示三餐的名詞前不加冠詞,如果前面有形容詞修飾該詞,表示如果前面有形容詞修飾該詞,表示“一頓一頓的飯的飯”,可加,可加a。have a big supper (nice lunch) We go to work by _ bus. A. / B. a C. the D. one分析分析 表示交通工具的手段時,用表示交通工具的手段時,用by名詞表示,該名詞前不用冠詞。名詞表示,該名詞前不用冠詞。by bike (taxi, car, train, plane, spaceship)或或by sea (water, air, land)如果用介詞如果用介詞in或或on,名詞前要加冠詞或,名詞前要加冠詞或物主代詞。物主代詞。 _ running is good. A. The B. A C. / D. An分析分析 動名詞前一般不用冠詞。動名詞前一般不用冠詞。Walking on the moon is difficult.Seeing is believing. 10 These boys play _ football after class. A. a B. the C. that D. /分析分析 球類、棋類、游戲名稱前球類、棋類、游戲名稱前不加冠詞。不加冠詞。 11 The students of _ Grade One are having a meeting. A. these B. / C. a D. an分析分析 名詞數詞表示順序時,前面不加名詞數詞表示順序時,前面不加冠詞冠詞the;序數詞名詞表示順序數,;序數詞名詞表示順序數,序數詞前加冠詞序數詞前加冠詞the。turn to page3/ the third pageLesson One/ the first lessongate Five/ the fifth Gate 12 There is no _ book on the desk. A. the B. a C. an D. /分析分析 名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格或定代詞、名詞所有格或any和和 no時,均時,均不再用冠詞。不再用冠詞。no books, not a book, not any books 13 He often works late at _ night. A. / B. the C. a D. all分析分析 表示時間或地點的一些介詞名表示時間或地點的一些介詞名詞的詞組和一些固定詞組中,均不加詞的詞組和一些固定詞組中,均不加冠詞。冠詞。at home, in town, at noon, at daybreak, in trouble, in danger, in fact等。等。 14 What does this word mean, _? A. my father B. Father C. father D. a father分析家庭成員的稱呼、稱呼語或只一人分析家庭成員的稱呼、稱呼語或只一人擔任的職務名詞前不用冠詞。擔任的職務名詞前不用冠詞。He is secretary of our lab.Mother is cooking while father is reading newspaper.father和和mother大寫時前不加物主代詞,大寫時前不加物主代詞,小寫時前要加物主代詞,如:小寫時前要加物主代詞,如:my father, his mother。注意:注意:有些名詞前用冠詞或不用冠詞,其有些名詞前用冠詞或不用冠詞,其意義有所不同。如:意義有所不同。如:1) at table 在吃飯在吃飯 at the table 在桌子旁在桌子旁2) in class 在上課在上課 in the class 在班級中在班級中3) go to school 去上學去上學 go to the school 到那所學校去到那所學校去4) go to bed 上床睡覺上床睡覺 go to the bed 到床那邊去到床那邊去5) in front of 在在的前面的前面 in the front of 在在的前部的前部1. 表示一類人或事物中的表示一類人或事物中的“任何任何” 一個,相當于漢語中一個,相當于漢語中“一一”, 但不用于強調數目的概念。但不用于強調數目的概念。 2. 指某人或某物,但不具體說明指某人或某物,但不具體說明 是何人或何物。是何人或何物。3. 表示單位表示單位4. 表示表示“一類一類”總結:不定冠詞的用法總結:不定冠詞的用法1. 文章中第一次出現的可數名詞前文章中第一次出現的可數名詞前 用用a (an)。下次再出現此名詞時。下次再出現此名詞時。2. 名詞后有表示范圍、地點的介詞名詞后有表示范圍、地點的介詞 短語限定時短語限定時3. 序數詞前表示順序時序數詞前表示順序時4. 形容詞最高級前及形容詞最高級前及only修飾的名詞修飾的名詞 前。前。5. 定冠詞用于表示世界上獨一無二的定冠詞用于表示世界上獨一無二的 物體名詞前。物體名詞前??偨Y:定冠詞的用法總結:定冠詞的用法6. 表示東、南、西、北方的名詞前表示東、南、西、北方的名詞前7. 姓氏的復數形式前時姓氏的復數形式前時,表示一家人表示一家人 或一姓的夫婦二人或一姓的夫婦二人8. the普通名詞構成專有名詞。普通名詞構成專有名詞。9. play樂器表示彈奏時,該樂器名樂器表示彈奏時,該樂器名 詞前加詞前加 the。10. the形容詞(形容詞名詞化)形容詞(形容詞名詞化) 表示一類人或事物表示一類人或事物11. 定冠詞定冠詞the用在江河、海洋、山脈、用在江河、海洋、山脈、 湖泊、群島名稱的前面湖泊、群島名稱的前面1. 物質名詞和抽象名詞前一般不加冠詞物質名詞和抽象名詞前一般不加冠詞2. 表示節(jié)日、月份的名詞前一般不加表示節(jié)日、月份的名詞前一般不加the3. 表示一周中七日的名稱前一般不加冠詞表示一周中七日的名稱前一般不加冠詞4. 學科前和國名、洲名前一般不加冠詞學科前和國名、洲名前一般不加冠詞5. 在一些專有名詞(地名、節(jié)假日)在一些專有名詞(地名、節(jié)假日) 之前不加冠詞之前不加冠詞不用冠詞的場合不用冠詞的場合6. 表示某一概念,而不是某具體工作的表示某一概念,而不是某具體工作的 部門時,名詞前不加冠詞部門時,名詞前不加冠詞7. 表示三餐的名詞前不加冠詞表示三餐的名詞前不加冠詞8. 表示交通工具的手段時,用表示交通工具的手段時,用by名詞表名詞表 示,該名詞前不用冠詞。示,該名詞前不用冠詞。9. 動名詞前一般不用冠詞。動名詞前一般不用冠詞。10. 球類、棋類、游戲名稱前不加冠詞。球類、棋類、游戲名稱前不加冠詞。11.名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代 詞、名詞所有格或詞、名詞所有格或any和和 no時,均不再時,均不再 用冠詞用冠詞12.表示時間或地點的一些介詞名詞的詞表示時間或地點的一些介詞名詞的詞 組和一些固定詞組中,均不加冠詞組和一些固定詞組中,均不加冠詞13.家庭成員的稱呼、稱呼語或只一人擔任家庭成員的稱呼、稱呼語或只一人擔任 的職務名詞前不用冠詞的職務名詞前不用冠詞在英語中,對于萬以上的數字,我們在英語中,對于萬以上的數字,我們改如何表達呢?這就要記住英語數字改如何表達呢?這就要記住英語數字讀法特點。以下面一個數字為例:讀法特點。以下面一個數字為例:6,500,431,729hundredthousandmillionbillion注意每三個數為一個單位,按照百、注意每三個數為一個單位,按照百、十、個向下讀。十、個向下讀。在英語中對大數的認識:在英語中對大數的認識:6,500,431,729seven hundred and twenty-nine thousandmillionbillionsix billion,five hundred million,four hundred and thirty-one thousand,hundred4. WORK IN PAIRS. GUESS THE POPULATION OF EACH COUNTRY IN THE LIST. WRITE THE LIST IN ORDER, STARTING FROM THE LARGEST POPULATION.Chinathe USAustraliaNew Zealand4,437,000 22,956,000314,791,000 1370,537,000Now, listen and check.5. READ THE CHART AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.1 Which city had the largest population in 2000?2 Which citys population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2025?Tokyo had the largest population in 2000.Mumbais population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2025.3 Which will be the larger, the increase in New Yorks population or in Mexico Citys?4.Which city / cities do you think will have the biggest population problem? Why?The increase in Mexicos population will be larger.The increase in New Yorks population will be smaller.Exercise 1.Theres no air or water on _ moon.2. _ Yellow River is _ second longest river in _ China.3. My mother bought me _ very nice bike. I like _ bike very much.4. Xiao Ming likes playing _ basketball, but he doesnt like playing _ piano. the The the a the / the /5. The students dont have classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday.6. I often watch TV in _ evening.7. Lets go out for _ walk.8. What would you like for lunch, _ coffee or _ milk? the / the a / /1. - Is it _ English dictionary? - Yes, and it is _ useful one. A. a, a B. a, an C. an, a D. an, an2. Theres _ dictionary on _ desk near the window. A. a, the B. a, a C. the, a D. the, the3. _ earth we live on is bigger than _ moon. A. The, a B. The, the C. An, a D. An, the Write Write a a, , anan, , oror thethe where where necessary.necessary. Mina is _eighteen-year-old girl. Shes got _brother and _ sister. Mina is _ oldestchild in _ family. _Citywhere shelives is very big. _ population is morethan 10 million. Mina doesnt have _education. She has _ job working in _factory. She hopes that one day she willhave _ chance to go to _ collegeanaathetheTheTheanaaa/COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN THE BOX1.Webelieve the schools in Armwick are very good ,and we are working to make them even _ 2.The flat is too large for two people,They want to find a_ one . 3.Anna always talk about her idears .I thank she needs to listen _ 4.There are a lot of parks in this city .I think there are _parks in a lot of other cities. few good much smallgood muchsmallfewFree talkFree talk COMPLETE THE DIAGRAM SHOWING POPULATION PROBLEMS.air city countryside crimehospital increase illness water People move from _People arrive in _Problem: Population _Problems for the enviroment Examples: pollution of _ _ _Health problemsExamples:_the countrysidethe cityincreaseswater; the airtoo many illnesses;not enough hospitalsProblem for policeExamples:_crime