人教版必修5 Unit 1 語(yǔ)法名師優(yōu)質(zhì)資料

Grammar過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞V-ed的的用法用法過(guò)去分詞的基本特點(diǎn)過(guò)去分詞的基本特點(diǎn) ：1.從從語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài) 上講上講 ：及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般表：及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般表被動(dòng)被動(dòng) 。2.從從時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)上講上講 ：及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示已：及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作 ；不及物動(dòng)詞表示完成的意；不及物動(dòng)詞表示完成的意思而非表被動(dòng)思而非表被動(dòng) 。The ceiling has fallen down.The letter was written. The glass has been broken完完 成成被被 動(dòng)動(dòng)完完 成成4.作狀語(yǔ)1.作定語(yǔ)2.作表語(yǔ)3.作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞1. 過(guò)去分詞知多少驚恐的人們驚恐的人們一枚用過(guò)的郵票一枚用過(guò)的郵票被污染的水被污染的水擁擠的教室擁擠的教室打碎打碎的瓶子的瓶子關(guān)了的門(mén)關(guān)了的門(mén)疲憊疲憊的人們的人們terrified /astonished peoplea used stamppolluted watera crowded rooma broken glassa closed doorthe tired people注意過(guò)去分詞做注意過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)的位置的位置a closed door a broken windowa polluted river a lighted candle一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭a used stamp一枚用過(guò)的郵票一枚用過(guò)的郵票一個(gè)醉鬼一個(gè)醉鬼a drunken/ drunk man一、一、 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 1.1.前置定語(yǔ)前置定語(yǔ)歸納歸納1 1：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在被修飾的名詞在被修飾的名詞_。之前之前單個(gè)單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的前面前面; ;過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的詞的后面后面。English is a widely used language.This is one of the schools built in 1980.3. 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)位置位置 a picture painted by Leonardo da Vincia woman dressed in white2. 2. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：通常作定語(yǔ)：通常_， 其作用相當(dāng)于其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句。1) Its a picture _ _ painted by Leonardo da Vinci2) There was a woman _ _ dressed in whitethat/which wasthat/who was后置后置an astonished film stara film star who is astonisheda disappointed football playera football player who is disappointed a boy who is tireda tired boytwo broken glassesthe two glasses which are broken教育定語(yǔ) The injured boy can not take part in the sports meet.All books which were borrowed from the library should be returned by Friday.ExampleThe boy who is injured can not take part in the sports meet. All books borrowed from the library should be returned by Friday.位于位于系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞后，不表示后，不表示“被動(dòng)被動(dòng)”或或“完完成成”，而是表示主語(yǔ)的，而是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)或思狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)或思想感情想感情等。相當(dāng)于形容詞等。相當(dāng)于形容詞1.They are excited.2.He looked worried after reading the letter.3.When we heard of this, we were deeply moved.二二. 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞作作表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)4. 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)1.1.用作用作表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形形容詞。容詞。2.2.被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng), ,句子句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟后面常跟byby短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)。 The glass was broken. The glass was broken by Tom. The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack.狀態(tài)動(dòng)作動(dòng)作狀態(tài)Practice：仿寫(xiě)仿寫(xiě)TThe book which is written by Han Han is popular with students.=The book written by Han Han is popular with students. The player The player loved by many loved by many peoplepeople is Yao Ming. is Yao Ming.=The player =The player who is loved by who is loved by many peoplemany people is Yao Ming. is Yao Ming.The_ (fall) leaves are beautiful.They were _ (excite).fallenexcitedThe 29th Olympic Game _(hold ) in Beijing was successful.held定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)V-ed (動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)，在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、，在句中可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)。 教育Whats the difference？現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞The water is boiling.The dog is barking.The injured dog is sad.時(shí)間語(yǔ)態(tài)Shes drinking boiled water.現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義 現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成 a moving movie 感人的電影感人的電影 a moved audience 被感動(dòng)的觀眾被感動(dòng)的觀眾 boiling water 正在燒正在燒(煮沸煮沸)的水的水 boiled water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水 developing countries 發(fā)展中國(guó)家發(fā)展中國(guó)家 developed countries 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 falling leaves 落葉落葉(正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行) fallen leaves 落葉落葉(已經(jīng)完成已經(jīng)完成)1.They were _ to hear the _ news.(delight)2. The teacher announced the _ news with an _voice.(excite)4.There was a _ (surprise) look on his face.5. The story was so_ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears.delighteddelightingexcitedexciting歸納歸納:與感覺(jué)相關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞，其與感覺(jué)相關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞含有被動(dòng)含義，即含有被動(dòng)含義，即“人被引起某種感覺(jué)人被引起某種感覺(jué)”，多用來(lái)形容，多用來(lái)形容人、人的聲音或者表人、人的聲音或者表情情。而其。而其現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，即表示主動(dòng)意義，即“令人有某種感覺(jué)令人有某種感覺(jué)”surprisedmovingmovedV-ing 與與V-ed 作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別區(qū)別區(qū)別 Liu Xiang is a player _(love) by many thousands of fans. Unluckily ,he got _(injure) in the game,in2012 London Olympics. The _ (surprise) news got across to the world and his fans were _ (disappoint) to see it，but they still wished him a happy life.lovedinjuredsurprisingdisappointedPracticePractice: : Complete the sentences using the Complete the sentences using the past participle as past participle as the predicativethe predicative. .1. 丟了錢他自責(zé)不已。丟了錢他自責(zé)不已。(blame) He _ about losing the money.2你為什么總是看上很疲勞？這些日子睡得好嗎？你為什么總是看上很疲勞？這些日子睡得好嗎？(tired) Why do you always _ ? Do you sleep well these days?3 我 對(duì) 昨 晚 看 的 電 影 很 失 望我 對(duì) 昨 晚 看 的 電 影 很 失 望 , 我 原 以 為 它 能 好 些 。我 原 以 為 它 能 好 些 。( I _ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.4.聽(tīng)說(shuō)那位明星死了，人人都很驚訝。聽(tīng)說(shuō)那位明星死了，人人都很驚訝。 Everybody _to hear the death of the famous film starwas shocked用以下單詞的正確形式填空：worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, disappoint1. Ill be_ to hear what he has to say.2.The mayor said that he was _ about the severe disease recently.3.Recently _ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.4.He was _ of going alone into the empty house.5.He is very_ his sons study.interestedworriedarrivedfrighteneddisappointedThe book _ (一本農(nóng)民一本農(nóng)民寫(xiě)的書(shū)寫(xiě)的書(shū)) is very popular.The building _(去年建去年建的樓房的樓房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.The problem _ (在昨天會(huì)議上討論的在昨天會(huì)議上討論的) was very difficult to solve.The window _被那個(gè)頑皮男孩打破的被那個(gè)頑皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.written by the farmerbuilt last yeardiscussed at the meeting yesterdaybroken by that naughty boyThe children _昨昨天在醫(yī)院檢查的天在醫(yī)院檢查的) were seriously ill.The people _(暴露在陽(yáng)光暴露在陽(yáng)光下的下的) got sunburnt.The boy _(受到老受到老師嚴(yán)厲懲罰的師嚴(yán)厲懲罰的) is now a college student.The water _(送到他家送到他家的水的水) carried disease.examined in the hospital yesterdayexposed to the sunpunished severely by the teacherdelivered to his homeThe English today is quite different from the English _(300年前所說(shuō)的年前所說(shuō)的).Most of the artists_ (被被邀請(qǐng)去參加聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)去參加聚會(huì)的) were from South Africa.The students _(受到受到老師鼓舞的老師鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.spoken in the past 300 yearsinvited to the party inspired by the teacher